Abstract: An apparatus and process is provided for producing semi-solid material suitable for directly casting into a component wherein the semi-solid material is formed from a molten material and the molten material is introduced into a container. Semi-solid is produced therefrom by agitating, shearing, and thermally controlling the molten material. The semi-solid material is maintained in a substantially isothermal state within the container by appropriate thermal control and thorough three dimensional mixing. Extending from the container is a means for removing the semi-solid material from the container, including a temperature control mechanism to control the temperature of the semi-solid material within the removing means.

Abstract: An apparatus and process is provided for producing semi-solid material and directly casting the semi-solid material into a component wherein the semi-solid material is formed from a molten material and the molten material is introduced into a container. Semi-solid is produced therefrom by agitating, shearing, and thermally controlling the molten material. The semi-solid material is maintained in a substantially isothermal state within the container by appropriate thermal control and thorough three-dimensional mixing. Extending from the container is a means for removing the semi-solid material from the container, including a temperature control mechanism to control the temperature of the semi-solid material within the removing means.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for rapidly producing a metal component from partially solidified metal slurry. A source of metal alloy slurry is provided and maintained under conditions to maintain the slurry state, for example by shearing at a temperature between a liquidus and solidus thereof. The slurry is dispensed through a source nozzle and deposited upon a substrate or upon previously dispensed slurry in a predetermined, controlled manner to produce a component of desired geometry. The substrate may be planar or contoured and may comprise an element of the component being produced. A temperature, pressure or chemical composition controlled deposition environment may be provided to facilitate producing a component having desired characteristics.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring strain of an object is provided. The object to be measured is provided with a diffraction grating which is illuminated with radiation including at least two frequencies to produce an interference pattern. At least a portion of the interference pattern corresponding to at least one of the frequencies is detected and analyzed to determine strain. In some embodiments, the frequency of a portion of the diffraction pattern is detected, for example, by a human eye and the detected frequency compared with known frequencies to determine strain. In other embodiments, the relative angular position of portions of the pattern corresponding to different frequencies is detected. Since the relative angular position and intensity is affected by strain but not by certain rigid body rotations, strain measurement free of body rotation error may be made.