Abstract: A method of preparing a substrate for substrate bonding is provided. The method comprises: forming a recess in a substrate surface of the substrate, and forming a bondable dielectric layer on the substrate surface of the substrate. The bondable dielectric layer has a bonding surface on an opposite side of the bondable dielectric layer to the substrate surface, wherein the recess and the bondable dielectric layer define a dielectric cavity having a dielectric cavity volume. A plug is formed configured to make electrical contact to the substrate in the dielectric cavity volume. The plug has a plug volume which is less than the dielectric cavity volume, wherein the plug extends from the dielectric cavity beyond the bonding surface in a direction generally normal to the bonding surface. The plug is coined by compressing the substrate between opposing planar surfaces such that a contact surface of the plug is made co-planar with the bonding surface.

Abstract: A method of preparing a substrate for substrate bonding is provided. The method comprises: forming a recess in a substrate surface of the substrate, and forming a bondable dielectric layer on the substrate surface of the substrate. The bondable dielectric layer has a bonding surface on an opposite side of the bondable dielectric layer to the substrate surface, wherein the recess and the bondable dielectric layer define a dielectric cavity having a dielectric cavity volume. A plug is formed configured to make electrical contact to the substrate in the dielectric cavity volume. The plug has a plug volume which is less than the dielectric cavity volume, wherein the plug extends from the dielectric cavity beyond the bonding surface in a direction generally normal to the bonding surface. The plug is coined by compressing the substrate between opposing planar surfaces such that a contact surface of the plug is made co-planar with the bonding surface.

Abstract: An optical navigation device for a computer application includes a radiation source capable of producing a beam of radiation, a sensor for receiving an image, and an optical element for identifying movement of the feature to thereby enable a computer action to be carried out. The optical element is formed from a single piece and includes at least one frustrated total internal reflection (F-TIR) surface capable of affecting frustrated total internal reflection of the beam of radiation in the presence of the feature to thereby generate the image.

Abstract: A camera module lens cap is provided to protect a camera module in a mobile device where the camera module is exposed. The camera module lens cap includes an optically transparent member for positioning adjacent a camera lens, and a housing for carrying the optically transparent member. The housing includes an overhanging lip for engaging a base of the camera module.

Abstract: A camera module lens cap is provided to protect a camera module in a mobile device where the camera module is exposed. The camera module lens cap includes an optically transparent member for positioning adjacent a camera lens, and a housing for carrying the optically transparent member. The housing includes an overhanging lip for engaging a base of the camera module.