Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods related to powder and granular emulsifiable concentrate pesticide formulations. As disclosed, emulsions from non-aqueous based liquid or solvent soluble pesticide actives may be prepared using a high purity, high molecular weight sulfonated lignin as the emulsion stabilizer. The resulting emulsions may then be dried to obtain a powder or granular emulsion concentrate where the high molecular weight sulfonated lignin acts as a solid matrix for the pesticide active. The powder or granular emulsifiable concentrate formulations thus formed have high loading rates, good storage properties and are easily reconstituted when added to water.

Abstract: To increase the efficiency of utilizing protein, lipid and starch by ruminants, feed and urea-formaldehyde polymer are mixed in quantities suitable for a crosslinking reaction. The mixture is heated at a temperature, moisture content and time sufficient to covalently bond the urea-formaldehyde polymer with the proteins and starches to thereby protect the proteins, starches and contained lipids from degradation by rumen microbes.

Abstract: An improved non-dispersing set retarder additive for foamed cements, cement compositions containing the additive, and methods of cementing in a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore are provided. The set retarder additive includes a blend of a sulfonated lignin, preferably a lignosulfonate, with an alkali lignin, preferably a kraft lignin, having an organic sulfur content of 0-3.5% by weight in a ratio of about 6:4 to 8:2. The methods are basically comprised of the steps of preparing a foamed cement composition comprised of hydraulic cement, a non-dispersing set retarder, sufficient water to form a slurry, sufficient gas to foam the slurry and a foaming and foam stabilizing surfactant present in an amount sufficient to facilitate the formation of the foam and stabilize the foamed cement composition.

Abstract: A process for recovering a protein such as an enzyme from an aqueous solution using a lignosulfonate having a low degree of sulfonation. Also disclosed are protein/lignosulfonate complexes and use of these in granules.

Abstract: This invention provides improved cement composition and biodegradable dispersants therefor. The biodegradable dispersants are basically comprised of a high molecular weight, phenolic hydroxy group blocked, alkali metal lignosulfonate.

Abstract: A method of encapsulating a pesticide with an ultraviolet protectant comprises the steps of forming a slurry of a pesticide and a lignin-containing material, and spraying a stream of acid and the slurry into contact with one another to precipitate the lignin-containing material onto the pesticide and form a protective coating on the pesticide. The pesticide is preferably a biopesticide, and the lignin-containing material is preferably kraft lignin. The method is easily adapted to industrial processes currently used for pesticide production by simply changing the spray drier from a single nozzle system to a dual spray nozzle and then adding the acid stream to the dual nozzle.