Abstract: A polymerization process to copolymerize hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated C4-C30. J olefins with polar monomers such as acrylates is described. The process utilizes an acid source to modify/catalyze the reactivity of the polar monomer and/or radically activated repeat unit from the polar monomer to promote incorporation of the ethylenically unsaturated olefin. The copolymer shows excellent adhesion to a variety of polymeric and/or polar substrates such as polyolefins, acrylate coatings, wood, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising (a) a compound derived from a hydroxy-carboxylic acid, and (b) an oil of lubricating viscosity. The invention further provides for the use of the lubricating composition for lubricating a limited slip differential.

Abstract: Compositions comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity; an amide represented by the formula R1R2N—C(O)R3 wherein R1 and R2 are hydrocarbyl groups of at least 6 carbon atoms and R3 is a hydroxyalkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a group formed by the condensation of said hydroxyalkyl group, through a hydroxyl group thereof, with an acylating agent; a nitrogen-containing dispersant; and a phosphorus-containing compound are suitable for lubricating a transmission.

Abstract: A product and processes comprising urethane polymer and at least one copolymer from a hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated C4-C30 olefins copolymerized with polar monomers such as acrylates. One process optionally utilizes an acid source to modify/catalyze the reactivity of the polar monomer and/or radically activated repeat unit from the polar monomer to promote incorporation of the ethylenically unsaturated olefin. Other processes vary depending on which polymer if formed and/or dispersed first. The hybrid copolymer shows excellent adhesion to a variety of polymeric and/or polar substrates such as polyolefins, acrylate coatings, wood, etc.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising (a) at least 0.05 wt % of a non-aromatic metal carboxylate, wherein the metal carboxylate is derived from a branched carboxylic acid, and (b) an oil of lubricating viscosity. The invention further provides for the use of the lubricating composition for lubricating a limited slip differential.

Abstract: A polymerization process to copolymerize hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated C4-C30. J olefins with polar monomers such as acrylates is described. The process utilizes an acid source to modify/catalyze the reactivity of the polar monomer and/or radically activated repeat unit from the polar monomer to promote incorporation of the ethylenically unsaturated olefin. The copolymer shows excellent adhesion to a variety of polymeric and/or polar substrates such as polyolefins, acrylatc coatings, wood, etc.

Abstract: The invention provides a water blended fuel composition made by combining (i) a normally liquid hydrocarbon fuel; (ii) water; (iii) a nitrogen-free surfactant; and an acid having a pKa of up to about 6.

Abstract: Compositions comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity; an amide represented by the formula R1R2N—C(O)R3 wherein R1 and R2 are hydrocarbyl groups of at least 6 carbon atoms and R3 is a hydroxyalkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a group formed by the condensation of said hydroxyalkyl group, through a hydroxyl group thereof, with an acylating agent; a nitrogen-containing dispersant; and a phosphorus-containing compound are suitable for lubricating a transmission.

Abstract: A succinated triglyceride oil derived from maleating triglyceride oil from a plant or land animal is described for use as an emulsifying agent for metalworking fluids. The metalworking fluid would comprise water; as an emulsifier this succinated triglyceride, optionally further reacted with water, Group IA and IIA metals, ammonium hydroxide, various amines, alkanolamines, alkoxylated alkanolamines, and polyamines to form a modified emulsifier; and optionally an oil and other additives.

Abstract: Cyclic oligomers derivable from the copolymerization of isobutylene and isoprene can be hydrogenated to form 1-(2,2,4-trimethylpentyl)-2-isopropyl-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexane and related compounds, which are useful in lubricants such as a traction fluids.

Abstract: The invention provides an amphiphilic compound suitable for oil-in-water systems. The amphiphilic compound contains: (a) a lipophilic component that is hydrocarbon group containing about 20 or more carbon atoms; (b) a hydrophilic component selected from (i) a monomer or an oligomer of an oxyalkylene group containing 2 or more carbon atoms; (ii) a monomer or an oligomer of an oxyalkylene group containing 3 or more carbon atoms; (iii) an oligiomer containing: (1) an oxyalkylene group containing 3 or more carbon atoms; (2) an oxyalkylene group containing 2 or more carbon atoms, provided component (2) is different from component (1); (iv) a hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxyamino group; (v) a polyhydric alcohol group; and (vi) a polyamino group; and (c) a linker covalently bonding the hydrophilic component and the lipophilic component, wherein the hydrophilic component is present in an amount sufficient to at least partially disperse the amphiphilic compound in water.

Abstract: Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic compositions and derivatives thereof useful as additives for lubricating oil and fuel compositions. Carboxylic composition are derived from (A) an olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon, said hydrocarbon having at least one allylic hydrogen atom, and (B) an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic compound prepared by reacting (1) an active methylene compound of the formula ?and (2) a carbonyl compound of the general formula ?wherein Ra is H or hydrocarbyl and Rb is a member of the group consisting of H, hydrocarbyl and ?wherein each R? is independently R or OR and each R is, independently, H or a hydrocarbyl group; and lower alkyl acetals, ketals, hemiacetals and hemiketals of the carbonyl compound (2).

Abstract: Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic compositions and derivatives thereof useful as additives for lubricating oil and fuel compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a water blended fuel composition made by combining: (i) a normally liquid hydrocarbon fuel; (ii) water; and (iii) a nitrogen-free surfactant. The fuel composition may be used as the fuel for use in an open flame burning apparatus or in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic compositions and derivatives thereof useful as dispersant/viscosity improvers for lubricating oil and fuel compositions. Carboxylic compositions are derived from (A) a hydrocarbon polymer having Mn ranging from about 20,000 to about 500,000, and (B) an &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carboxylic compound prepared by reacting (1) an active methylene compound of the formula (I), and (2) a carbonyl compound of the general formula (II), wherein Ra is H or hydrocarbyl and Rb is a member of the group consisting of H, hydrocarbyl and (III), wherein each R′ is independently R or OR and each R is, independently, H or a hydrocarbyl group; and lower alkyl acetals, ketals, hemiacetals and hemiketals of the carbonyl compound (2).

Abstract: Cyclic oligomers derivable from the copolymerization of isobutylene and isoprene can be hydrogenated to form 1-(2,2,4-trimethylpentyl)-2-isopropyl-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexane and related compounds, which are useful in lubricants such as a traction fluids.

Abstract: Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic compositions and derivatives thereof useful as dispersant/viscosity improvers for lubricating oil and fuel compositions. Carboxylic compositions are derived from (A) a hydrocarbon polymer having Mn ranging from about 20,000 to about 500,000, and (B) an &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated carboxylic compound prepared by reacting (1) an active methylene compound of the formula (I), and (2) a carbonyl compound of the general formula (H), wherein Ra is H or hydrocarbyl and Rb is a member of the group consisting of H, hydrocarbyl and (III), wherein each R′ is independently R or OR and each R is, independently, H or a hydrocarbyl group; and lower alkyl acetals, ketals, hemiacetals and hemiketals of the carbonyl compound (2).

Abstract: A process for separating a hydrophobic hydrocarbon chemical from an aqueous emulsion and recycling the majority of the water, co-solvents, salts, and the emulsifier is set forth. A preferred emulsifier is a salt of a carboxylic acid, phosphoric acid or sulfonic acid having an amine in the hydrophobic portion of the emulsifier, said amine being capable of being protonated to change (increase) the water solubility of the entire emulsifier molecule. The process is useful for soil remediation by extraction in that it facilitates the recycling of the water and emulsifier dramatically reducing the amount of water and emulsifier used in remediating a site. A method for remediating contaminated soil using the process is also set forth.

Abstract: Soil, which is contaminated by one or more hydrophobic organic chemicals, can be cleaned or remediated using an aqueous composition with a surfactant prepared by reacting an alkenylsuccinic anhydride or acid with an amine acid or salt of an amine acid. The surfactant allows at least a portion of the hydrophobic organic chemical to be removed from the soil by becoming associated with the aqueous composition, which is then separated from the soil.

Abstract: Methods are revealed for producing polyolefin substituted carboxylic acylating agents having less than 1000 ppm chlorine, and reaction products formed therefrom such as dispersants. The carboxylic acylating agents are formed by reacting a polyolefin having labile halogen content with an .alpha.-.beta. unsaturated carboxylic acid. The products formed in this invention are used in lubricating compositions.