Abstract: A battery includes a housing, an anode and a cathode within the housing, the anode having a first portion and a second portion adjacent to each other, a current collector at least partially disposed in the anode, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an anode portion separator at least partially disposed in the anode and between the first and second portions of the anode.

Abstract: A battery includes a separator with a trapping layer that traps dissolved metal ions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a charger device configured to charge a rechargeable battery comprising at least one rechargeable electrochemical cell includes a lead-acid battery charge accumulator device of a high discharge rate, having a discharge rate that is capable of delivering charging current to the at least one rechargeable electrochemical cell to charge the at least one rechargeable electrochemical cell within a period of about 5 to 15 minutes, a low rate 200 ma charger coupled in shunt with the lead-acid battery high discharge rate charge accumulator device and with the charger configured to re-charge the high discharge rate charge accumulator at a low charge rate, in comparison to the discharge rate of high discharge rate charge accumulator and a series resistor coupled between the accumulator and an output of the charger device.

Abstract: A battery includes a housing, a cathode and an anode within the housing, and a battery-life indicator including a fragrance that is released to indicate usage of the battery.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a fuel source including a chemical hydride and at least one reactive metal source selected from the group consisting of a reactive metal, a reactive metalloid and a combination thereof.

Abstract: A battery includes a separator with a trapping layer that traps dissolved metal ions.

Abstract: A battery includes a separator with a trapping layer that traps dissolved metal ions.

Abstract: Ozonated manganese dioxide is prepared by an ozonation process and utilized as a cathode active material. An ozone containing gas stream contacts manganese dioxide and produces ozonated manganese dioxide with high efficiency. After preparation, ozonated manganese dioxide is stored for a limited time at a low temperature and incorporated into a cathode active material for alkaline batteries.

Abstract: A battery includes a separator with a trapping layer that traps dissolved metal ions.

Abstract: Ozonated manganese dioxide is prepared by an ozonation process and utilized as a cathode active material. An ozone containing gas stream contacts manganese dioxide and produces ozonated manganese dioxide with high efficiency. After preparation, ozonated manganese dioxide is stored for a limited time at a low temperature and incorporated into a cathode active material for alkaline batteries.

Abstract: A battery includes a separator with a trapping layer that traps dissolved metal ions.

Abstract: A wafer alkaline cell of a laminar structure is disclosed. The cell has a pair of opposing sides comprising at least the majority of the boundary surface of said cell and defining a short cell dimension therebetween. The cell comprises an anode assembly and a cathode assembly bonded together to form a laminate structure. The cell comprises preferably two separate plastic frames housing the anode and cathode material. The anode current collector may be precoated with a sealing metal forming an alkaline resistant metal oxide film to improve bonding to the frame. The anode assembly has an anode material therein typically comprising zinc and the cathode assembly has a cathode material therein typically comprising manganese dioxide. The cell is durable and preferably rigid, has elongated leak block paths, and resists electrolyte leakage.

Abstract: A wafer alkaline cell of a laminar structure is disclosed. The cell comprises an anode assembly and a cathode assembly bonded together to form a laminate structure. There may be one and desirably two anode frames securing an anode current collector sheet sandwiched therebetween. There may be a cathode frame bonded to the anode frames. There is an anode current collector sheet within the anode assembly. There is a cathode current collector sheet, optionally with an attached metal mesh embedded within the cathode assembly to assure good electrical contact with the cathode. Alternatively, a cathode endplate with spring action is employed which can move in response to changes of volume or pressure within the cathode, thereby maintaining good contact. The anode current collector may be precoated with a sealing metal forming an alkaline resistant metal oxide film to improve bonding to the frame. The cell is durable and preferably rigid and resists electrolyte leakage.

Abstract: Electrochemical cell systems are provided. In some implementations, the electrochemical cell system includes a fuel cell and a fuel cartridge connected to the fuel cell. The fuel cell includes (i) a fuel cell housing having a first external surface and a first internal surface defining a first internal volume of the fuel cell housing, and (ii) a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte disposed within the first internal volume. The fuel cartridge includes (i) a cartridge housing having a second external surface and a second internal surface defining a second internal volume of the cartridge housing, wherein the second internal volume includes a fuel; and (ii) a fuel consuming agent disposed on at least one of the first external surface and the second external surface.

Abstract: A battery includes a housing, a cathode and an anode within the housing, and a battery-life indicator including a fragrance that is released to indicate usage of the battery.

Abstract: A battery includes a housing, an anode and a cathode within the housing, the anode having a first portion and a second portion adjacent to each other, a current collector at least partially disposed in the anode, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an anode portion separator at least partially disposed in the anode and between the first and second portions of the anode.

Abstract: A cathode having a groove extending about 10 to about 450 microns into a surface of the cathode. The cathode can also be roughened.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a fuel source including a chemical hydride and at least one reactive metal source selected from the group consisting of a reactive metal, a reactive metalloid and a combination thereof.

Abstract: Primary alkaline batteries include cathodes containing manganese dioxide and anodes including zinc. The weight ratio of the manganese dioxide to zinc is relatively low because the manganese dioxide has a relatively high oxygen content.

Abstract: Ozonated manganese dioxide is prepared by an ozonation process and utilized as a cathode active material. An ozone containing gas stream contacts manganese dioxide and produces ozonated manganese dioxide with high efficiency. After preparation, ozonated manganese dioxide is stored for a limited time at a low temperature and incorporated into a cathode active material for alkaline batteries.