Abstract: Water may be treated so as to kill microorganisms and so as to oxidize oxidizable material within it by passing a thin film of water in contact with a gaseous body or bubble of air containing both oxygen and ozone while concurrently radiating both the water film and the gas bubble with ultraviolet radiation capable of causing the formation of ozone and killing microorganisms. The water which has been in contact with the gas bubble is collected into a body of water which is thereafter radiated with the same ultraviolet radiation while the water within the body is moved turbulently. This treatment can conveniently be carried out utilizing two containers transparent to the radiation used which are connected at their bottoms. Such containers are preferably located immediately adjacent to an ultraviolet lamp used as the source of the radiation.

Abstract: Water may be treated so as to oxidize organic contaminants and so as to kill microbiological contaminants through the utilization of ultraviolet light and ozone so as to obtain some residual ozone in the water treated by passing a mixture of water and air or air and ozone through a nozzle which concurrently compresses the mixture and breaks up any gas bubbles within the mixture into what may be loosely referred to as a radiation housing or chamber. The housing is a hollow, cylindrical chamber located around an elongated tubular lamp for producing actinic light such as ultraviolet light. The mixture is introduced into this chamber in a substantially tangential manner so as to swirl around the interior chamber in passing from the inlet of the chamber where the nozzle is located to the outlet of the chamber at the other end of the chamber.

Abstract: A cell or apparatus for treating a fluid by electron emission as the fluid is passed through a space between a dielectric layer located on a surface of a first electrode and a second electrode and as the electrodes are operated by an attached, appropriate circuit to cause electron emission within the space can be constructed so as to improve the efficiency of the cell or apparatus and so as to promote the amount of time which the dielectric layer may be used without breakdown. In constructing a cell or apparatus for this purpose cooling jackets are provided for circulating cooling fluids in contact with the surfaces of these electrodes remote from one another. In accordance with the disclosure the pressures of the fluids used in the cooling jackets and the fluid passing through the space of the apparatus or cell are regulated so as to maintain the electrical characteristics of the cell or apparatus substantially constant. This improves the efficiency of the circuit used to power the cell.

Abstract: A cell or apparatus for treating a fluid by electron emission as the fluid is passed through a space between a dielectric layer located on a surface of a first electrode and a second electrode and as the electrodes are operated by an attached, appropriate circuit to cause electron emission within the space can be constructed so as to improve the efficiency of the cell or apparatus and so as to promote the amount of time which the dielectric layer may be used without breakdown. In constructing a cell or apparatus for this purpose cooling jackets are provided for circulating cooling fluids in contact with the surfaces of these electrodes remote from one another. In accordance with the disclosure the pressures of the fluids used in the cooling jackets and the fluid passing through the space of the apparatus or cell are regulated so as to maintain the electrical characteristics of the cell or apparatus substantially constant. This improves the efficiency of the circuit used to power the cell.

Abstract: Improved efficiencies in the treatment of a fluid such as oxygen or an oxygen containing gas by electron emission so as to produce a product such as ozone may be achieved by regulating the manner in which energy is used within a fluid treatment cell and the circuit used to power such a cell. Such a cell normally consists of two electrodes separated from one another by a dielectric layer and an air gap. The apparatus used to power such a cell preferably includes a power supply, a timing generator, transistors for releasing power from the power supply to a transformer at periodic intervals, diodes for permitting power to be reconveyed from the transformer to the power supply, an inductance either built into or associated with the secondary of the transformer, this secondary being connected across the terminals of the cell. With this circuit energy is stored in the cell and in both of the inductances as power is supplied.

Abstract: A rotary vane pump can be constructed so as to utilize an auxiliary inlet port which is used to convey one fluid under pressure to the interior of the pump where such fluid is mixed with fluid drawn into the pump in a normal manner. In the disclosed structure the fluid conveyed to the pump through the auxiliary inlet port is used to force vanes carried by the pump rotor outwardly into contact with an eccentric wall in the pump stator. The vanes are preferably formed and mounted on the rotor so that the fluid conveyed through the auxiliary inlet port passes into the space between the rotor and the stator by flowing alongside the vanes. A structure of this type is preferably utilized with one of the inlet fluids being water and the other of the inlet fluids being a gaseous mixture containing a high proportion of ozone.