Abstract: A switch includes first and second transistors electrically connected in series between the switch's first and second terminals. Each of the first and second transistors includes first and second transistor terminals between which electrical current can flow. A first metal bus bar includes a first channel through which fluid can flow. A second metal bus bar includes a second channel through which fluid can flow. The first transistor terminals of the first and second transistors are electrically connected to the first and second metal bus bars, respectively. A first driver circuit controls the first transistor. A second driver circuit controls the second transistor. A control unit can generate a first signal. A first distribution network can transmit the first signal to the first and second drivers at the same time.

Abstract: An apparatus for electrically connecting and disconnecting a power converter to a voltage supply. The apparatus may include a first bus bar configured for electrical connection to the power converter, a first tube received in the first bus bar, wherein the first tube extends between a first end and a second end, wherein the first tube is configured to electrically insulate fluid flowing through it from the first bus bar, a second bus bar, a second tube received in the second bus bar, wherein the second tube extends between first and second ends, wherein the second tube is configured to electrically insulate fluid flowing through it from the second bus bar, and a first switch electrically connected between the first and second bus bars.

Abstract: A power converter that includes a bus bar, a transistor, and a heat-pipe. The transistor includes first and second terminals between which current is transmitted when the first transistor is activated, and a gate terminal for controlling the transistor. The terminal is thermally and electrically connected to the bus bar. The heat-pipe is thermally connected to the first bus bar.

Abstract: An apparatus with a bus bar, a heat-pipe, and device, which has a metal structure, a metal element, and a transistor. The metal structure may include first and second surfaces, that are flat and opposite facing. The metal element may include first and second surfaces that are flat and opposite facing. The transistor may include first and second terminals between which electrical current is transmitted when the transistor is activated. The first and second terminals may include first and second surfaces, respectively, that are substantially flat and opposite facing. The first and second surfaces of the first and second terminals, respectively, may be sintered to the first and second surfaces, respectively, of the metal structure and the metal element, respectively. The heat-pipe is thermally connected to the bus bar. The second surface of the metal structure is electrically and thermally connected to the bus bar.

Abstract: An apparatus with a bus bar, a heat-pipe, and device, which has a metal structure, a metal element, and a transistor. The metal structure may include first and second surfaces, that are flat and opposite facing. The metal element may include first and second surfaces that are flat and opposite facing. The transistor may include first and second terminals between which electrical current is transmitted when the transistor is activated. The first and second terminals may include first and second surfaces, respectively, that are substantially flat and opposite facing. The first and second surfaces of the first and second terminals, respectively, may be sintered to the first and second surfaces, respectively, of the metal structure and the metal element, respectively. The heat-pipe is thermally connected to the bus bar. The second surface of the metal structure is electrically and thermally connected to the bus bar.

Abstract: An apparatus with a bus bar, a heat-pipe, and device, which has a metal structure, a metal element, and a transistor. The metal structure may include first and second surfaces, that are flat and opposite facing. The metal element may include first and second surfaces that are flat and opposite facing. The transistor may include first and second terminals between which electrical current is transmitted when the transistor is activated. The first and second terminals may include first and second surfaces, respectively, that are substantially flat and opposite facing. The first and second surfaces of the first and second terminals, respectively, may be sintered to the first and second surfaces, respectively, of the metal structure and the metal element, respectively. The heat-pipe is thermally connected to the bus bar. The second surface of the metal structure is electrically and thermally connected to the bus bar.

Abstract: An apparatus with a device having a metal structure, a metal element, a metal pedestal, and a transistor. Each of the metal structure, the metal element, and the metal pedestal may include first and second surfaces, which are substantially flat and opposite facing. The transistor may include first and second terminals, which may include first and second surfaces, respectively, that are substantially flat and opposite facing. The first surface of the metal pedestal may be electrically connected to the second surface of the metal element. The first and second surfaces of the first and second terminals, respectively, may be electrically connected to the first and second surfaces, respectively, of the metal structure and the metal pedestal, respectively. The second surface of the metal structure can be electrically and thermally connected to a bus bar.

Abstract: A power converter that includes a bus bar, a transistor, and a heat-pipe. The transistor includes first and second terminals between which current is transmitted when the first transistor is activated, and a gate terminal for controlling the transistor. The terminal is thermally and electrically connected to the bus bar. The heat-pipe is thermally connected to the first bus bar.

Abstract: A device that includes a printed circuit board (PCB), a metal conductor, and a transistor. The metal conductor includes first and second oppositely facing surfaces. The transistor includes first and second terminals between which current is transmitted when the transistor is activated, and a gate terminal for controlling the transistor. The first terminal is sintered to the first surface, and the gate is electrically connected to a trace on the PCB.