Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for rail detection and control of a motion of a mobile robot for safely switching driving of the mobile robot between a flat area and a rail area in an environment in a greenhouse in which a rail is provided for pipe heating. For more accurate rail detection, accurate three-dimensional (3D) point cloud data is obtained using a tilting laser scanner and is analyzed to detect a position of the rail and control a motion of a mobile robot for rail docking. The apparatus includes a sensor configured to be mounted in a mobile robot, and a rail detection unit configured to obtain 3D point cloud data using the sensor and detect the 3D point cloud data.

Abstract: A method for global localization of a mobile robot is disclosed. The method compares a histogram value, obtained by quantifying geometric and structural features of each query submap image divided from a global map image, with geometric and structural features of submap images stored in a database to select a submap image which is the most similar to a query submap image, and performs the global localization of the mobile robot, based on coordinate information included in the selected submap image.

Abstract: A capacitor module horizontally mounted on a PCB and including a case including a first side surface, an opposing second side, a first electrode pad and a second electrode pad disposed at the first side surface, and a third electrode pad disposed at the second side surface, and an electrolytic capacitor including a dielectric extending in a first horizontal direction, a first electrode contacting the first electrode pad and a second electrode contacting the second electrode pad, wherein the first electrode pad is spaced apart from second electrode pad in a second horizontal direction.

Abstract: The unmanned sprayer apparatus according to the present invention includes a vehicle body of the unmanned sprayer apparatus that moves automatically in a greenhouse including a first rail and a second rail installed on flat land, and a controller configured to control the vehicle body to be switched and moved between the first rail and the second rail while the vehicle body travels on the flat land. The controller is configured to travel the vehicle body rearward on the first rail and when a front end of the first rail is detected, stop the vehicle body, to move the vehicle body laterally toward the second rail and when a front end of the second rail is detected, stop the vehicle body, and to align the vehicle body in a direction of the second rail and then dock the vehicle body to the second rail.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for recognition a position and generating a path for autonomous driving of a mobile robot in an orchard environment are provided. The method converts three-dimensional (3D) point cloud data for the orchard environment into a 2D grid map, obtains a position of the mobile robot by performing local scan matching and global scan matching on the 2D grid map, and extracts a tree from the 2D grid map based on occupancy of each grid of the 2D grid map. Then, an effective line based on center points of extracted trees is obtained, a destination based on the obtained effective line is generated, and a driving path according to the generated destination and the position of the mobile robot is generated.

Abstract: A capacitor module configured to be horizontally mounted on a PCB and including; a case including a first side surface, an opposing second side, a first electrode pad and a second electrode pad disposed at the first side surface, and a third electrode pad disposed at the second side surface, and an electrolytic capacitor including a dielectric extending in a first horizontal direction, a first electrode contacting the first electrode pad and a second electrode contacting the second electrode pad, wherein the first electrode pad is spaced apart from second electrode pad in a second horizontal direction.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for recognition a position and generating a path for autonomous driving of a mobile robot in an orchard environment are provided. The method converts three-dimensional (3D) point cloud data for the orchard environment into a 2D grid map, obtains a position of the mobile robot by performing local scan matching and global scan matching on the 2D grid map, and extracts a tree from the 2D grid map based on occupancy of each grid of the 2D grid map. Then, an effective line based on center points of extracted trees is obtained, a destination based on the obtained effective line is generated, and a driving path according to the generated destination and the position of the mobile robot is generated.

Abstract: A storage device includes nonvolatile memory devices that store data, a storage controller, and an adaptive power supply circuit. The storage controller controls the nonvolatile memory devices. The adaptive power supply circuit generates at least one operation voltage based on at least one power supply voltage, and provides the at least one operation voltage to the nonvolatile memory devices and the storage controller. The at least one power supply voltage is provided to the adaptive power supply circuit through a portion of power lines connected to a host. Under control of the storage controller, the adaptive power supply circuit adaptively activates a power disable function associated with a provision of the at least one operation voltage according to a level of a third power supply voltage provided through a third power line of the plurality of power lines. The third power supply voltage is provided by the host.

Abstract: Power management apparatuses are provided. A power management apparatus includes a secondary power device that includes at least one capacitor. The power management apparatus includes a charging circuit that includes a direct current (DC)-DC converter and that is configured to supply power to the secondary power device. Moreover, the power management apparatus includes a measuring circuit that is configured to measure a switching profile of the DC-DC converter, and to determine a state of the secondary power device by comparing at least one time period of the switching profile with a reference time. Related memory systems and methods of operation are also provided.

Abstract: A storage device includes nonvolatile memory devices that store data, a storage controller, and an adaptive power supply circuit. The storage controller controls the nonvolatile memory devices. The adaptive power supply circuit generates at least one operation voltage based on at least one power supply voltage, and provides the at least one operation voltage to the nonvolatile memory devices and the storage controller. The at least one power supply voltage is provided to the adaptive power supply circuit through a portion of power lines connected to a host. Under control of the storage controller, the adaptive power supply circuit adaptively activates a power disable function associated with a provision of the at least one operation voltage according to a level of a third power supply voltage provided through a third power line of the plurality of power lines. The third power supply voltage is provided by the host.

Abstract: Power management apparatuses are provided. A power management apparatus includes a secondary power device that includes at least one capacitor. The power management apparatus includes a charging circuit that includes a direct current (DC)-DC converter and that is configured to supply power to the secondary power device. Moreover, the power management apparatus includes a measuring circuit that is configured to measure a switching profile of the DC-DC converter, and to determine a state of the secondary power device by comparing at least one time period of the switching profile with a reference time. Related memory systems and methods of operation are also provided.

Abstract: Provided are an auxiliary power supply test method and an electronic apparatus to which the same is applied. The auxiliary power supply test method includes: applying a charging disable signal, which interrupts a charging operation by an auxiliary power supply unit for a predetermined period of time, to the auxiliary power supply unit; monitoring a charging voltage of the auxiliary power supply unit in a time interval in which the charging disable signal is applied to the auxiliary power supply unit; determining whether the auxiliary power supply unit is defective, based on whether the monitored charging voltage is less than a predetermined threshold voltage, wherein the auxiliary power supply unit supplies auxiliary power, obtained based on the charging voltage, to a system power supply line in a case of a sudden power-off.

Abstract: Embodiments include a method of managing power and performance of an electronic device, the method comprising: providing a plurality of capacitors configured to be electrically connected to a power rail of the electronic device to supply auxiliary power to the electronic device when interrupt occurs in input power supplied to the electronic device; monitoring states of the capacitors; and controlling operations of the electronic device based on the results of the monitoring.

Abstract: Provided are an auxiliary power supply test method and an electronic apparatus to which the same is applied. The auxiliary power supply test method includes: applying a charging disable signal, which interrupts a charging operation by an auxiliary power supply unit for a predetermined period of time, to the auxiliary power supply unit; monitoring a charging voltage of the auxiliary power supply unit in a time interval in which the charging disable signal is applied to the auxiliary power supply unit; determining whether the auxiliary power supply unit is defective, based on whether the monitored charging voltage is less than a predetermined threshold voltage, wherein the auxiliary power supply unit supplies auxiliary power, obtained based on the charging voltage, to a system power supply line in a case of a sudden power-off.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory module having a reverse mounted chip resistor, and a method of fabricating the same are provided. By reverse mounting the chip resistor on the semiconductor memory module, the resistive material is protected, thereby preventing open circuits caused by damage to the resistive material. Also, a chip-resistor connection pad of a module substrate is formed to extend higher from the module substrate than other connection pads connected to other elements. Thus, the resistive material of the chip resistor does not contact the module substrate, thereby preventing poor alignment and defective connections.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory module having a reverse mounted chip resistor, and a method of fabricating the same are provided. By reverse mounting the chip resistor on the semiconductor memory module, the resistive material is protected, thereby preventing open circuits caused by damage to the resistive material. Also, a chip-resistor connection pad of a module substrate is formed to extend higher from the module substrate than other connection pads connected to other elements. Thus, the resistive material of the chip resistor does not contact the module substrate, thereby preventing poor alignment and defective connections.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory module having a reverse mounted chip resistor, and a method of fabricating the same are provided. By reverse mounting the chip resistor on the semiconductor memory module, the resistive material is protected, thereby preventing open circuits caused by damage to the resistive material. Also, a chip-resistor connection pad of a module substrate is formed to extend higher from the module substrate than other connection pads connected to other elements. Thus, the resistive material of the chip resistor does not contact the module substrate, thereby preventing poor alignment and defective connections.