Abstract: A titanium substrate is anodized to form an array of titanium dioxide nanotubes on the substrate surface. The nanotubes have hexagonal pore structures, are hexagonal in nature along their length and are tightly packed. The electrolyte solution used in the anodization process comprises the complexing agent Na2[H2EDTA]. The titanium dioxide nanotubes are formed at a rate of about 40 ?m/hr. A titanium dioxide nanotube array detaches from the underlying titanium dioxide substrate by allowing the array to stand at room temperature, or by applying heat to the array. The resulting titanium dioxide membrane has a barrier layer on the back side of the membrane, which closes one end of the constituent nanotubes. The barrier layer can be removed via a chemical etch to create a membrane comprising nanotubes with open ends. The titanium dioxide membrane can be filled with a photosensitive dye and used as part of a dye sensitive photovoltaic devices.