Abstract: An adjustable length strut includes two joints, a threaded rod extending between the joints, and a tube adapted to receive the threaded rod. An actuation mechanism with gear teeth extending radially outward of the strut axis is rotatably fixed to the threaded rod. A protrusion may be coupled to an end of the threaded rod by a rotatable collar, with the protrusion extending through a slot in the tube to mark the length of the strut. A modular attachment member may be adapted to be couple to the first joint and include a worm gear adapted to engage gear teeth of the actuation mechanism. The modular attachment member may include a radiofrequency identity tag mechanism adapted to be read by a tag reader of a tool, the tool adapted to couple to the attachment member to rotate the worm gear to increase or decrease the effective length of the strut.

Abstract: An external fixation system may include first and second fixation rings and a plurality of adjustable length struts. Each adjustable length strut may have two joints, a rod, a tube, and an actuator configured to drive the rod axially relative to the tube to change an effective length of the strut. The system may include a plurality of controller modules each configured to couple to a corresponding strut. The external fixation system may have a manual mode of operation in which the controller modules are not coupled to the struts, and manual actuation of the actuators changes the effective lengths of the struts in discrete length increments. The external fixation system may have an automated mode of operation in which the controller modules are coupled to the struts, and automated actuation of the actuators changes the effective lengths of the struts in infinitesimally small length increments.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are reference bodies for an external fixation frame and methods for using reference bodies for external fixation frame placement and arrangement. An external fixation frame according to the present disclosure may include first and second support rings, one or more wires coupled to any of the first and second support rings, one or more struts extending between the first and second support rings, and a reference body including a plurality of markers. The reference body may contact the one or more wires or the one or more struts. The plurality of markers may be arranged in a pattern to identify an orientation of the external fixation frame.

Abstract: An external fixation system may include first and second fixation rings and a plurality of adjustable length struts. Each adjustable length strut may have two joints, a rod, a tube, and an actuator configured to drive the rod axially relative to the tube to change an effective length of the strut. The system may include a plurality of controller modules each configured to couple to a corresponding strut. The external fixation system may have a manual mode of operation in which the controller modules are not coupled to the struts, and manual actuation of the actuators changes the effective lengths of the struts in discrete length increments. The external fixation system may have an automated mode of operation in which the controller modules are coupled to the struts, and automated actuation of the actuators changes the effective lengths of the struts in infinitesimally small length increments.

Abstract: An external fixation system includes first and second fixation members having first and second pluralities of mounting holes, respectively. The first and second plurality of holes are configured to receive first and second ends of a plurality of struts, each strut having a default or initial mounting position. A simulation of the correction may be performed with the struts in the default positions, but it may be determined that the correction is not achievable. Additional simulations of the correction may be performed with the ends of the struts in different mounting positions to determine if other mounting positions of the struts allow the correction to be completed. During the correction, if one of the struts reaches a maximum length, it may be disconnected and reconnected to a different mounting hole so that, after being reconnected, the strut may be further increased in length to continue the correction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are strut attachments for external fixation frames. The strut attachments provide solutions for frame configurations in which it is not possible to attach a strut at its ends to corresponding rings. The strut attachments may be considered an outrigger type of mechanism that achieves more travel out of completely collapsed struts. The strut attachments, each having a pivot and a hinge joint, allow a strut to be attached on the level of a first ring and extend at least partially proximally or distally to a second ring depending on the frame of reference of the ring system. These strut attachments may be used when the fully collapsed length of the strut will not allow the rings to get any closer to one another than is needed or proscribed. In such cases, the strut attachments allow for even tighter ring to ring distance.

Abstract: An external fixation system includes first and second fixation members having first and second pluralities of mounting holes, respectively. The first and second plurality of holes are configured to receive first and second ends of a plurality of struts, each strut having a default or initial mounting position. A simulation of the correction may be performed with the struts in the default positions, but it may be determined that the correction is not achievable. Additional simulations of the correction may be performed with the ends of the struts in different mounting positions to determine if other mounting positions of the struts allow the correction to be completed. During the correction, if one of the struts reaches a maximum length, it may be disconnected and reconnected to a different mounting hole so that, after being reconnected, the strut may be further increased in length to continue the correction.

Abstract: An external fixation system may include first and second fixation rings and a plurality of adjustable length struts. Each adjustable length strut may have two joints, a rod, a tube, and an actuator configured to drive the rod axially relative to the tube to change an effective length of the strut. The system may include a plurality of controller modules each configured to couple to a corresponding strut. The external fixation system may have a manual mode of operation in which the controller modules are not coupled to the struts, and manual actuation the actuators changes the effective lengths of the struts in discrete length increments. The external fixation may have an automated mode of operation in which the controller modules are coupled to the struts, and automated actuation of the actuators changes the effective lengths of the struts in infinitesimally small length increments.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are strut attachments for external fixation frames. The strut attachments provide solutions for frame configurations in which it is not possible to attach a strut at its ends to corresponding rings. The strut attachments may be considered an outrigger type of mechanism that achieves more travel out of completely collapsed struts. The strut attachments, each having a pivot and a hinge joint, allow a strut to be attached on the level of a first ring and extend at least partially proximally or distally to a second ring depending on the frame of reference of the ring system. These strut attachments may be used when the fully collapsed length of the strut will not allow the rings to get any closer to one another than is needed or proscribed. In such cases, the strut attachments allow for even tighter ring to ring distance.

Abstract: An adjustable length strut for use in an external fixation system may include an outer tube, an inner tube within the outer tube, and a first adjustment knob. A plurality of texturized surfaces may extend in the length direction of the inner tube, each of the plurality of texturized surfaces of the inner tube being spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the inner tube. Each circumferentially adjacent pair of texturized surfaces of the inner tube is separated by a non-texturized surface. The first adjustment knob may also include texturized surfaces separated by non-texturized surfaces, and may be rotatable relative to the outer tube and the inner tube between a locked condition and an unlocked condition. In the locked condition, the texturized surfaces engage each other, to prevent translation of the inner tube relative to the outer tube.

Abstract: An adjustable length strut includes two joints, a threaded rod extending between the joints, and a tube adapted to receive the threaded rod. An actuation mechanism with gear teeth extending radially outward of the strut axis is rotatably fixed to the threaded rod. A protrusion may be coupled to an end of the threaded rod by a rotatable collar, with the protrusion extending through a slot in the tube to mark the length of the strut. A modular attachment member may be adapted to be couple to the first joint and include a worm gear adapted to engage gear teeth of the actuation mechanism. The modular attachment member may include a radiofrequency identity tag mechanism adapted to be read by a tag reader of a tool, the tool adapted to couple to the attachment member to rotate the worm gear to increase or decrease the effective length of the strut.

Abstract: An adjustable length strut includes two joints, a threaded rod extending between the joints, and a tube adapted to receive the threaded rod. An actuation mechanism with gear teeth extending radially outward of the strut axis is rotatably fixed to the threaded rod. A protrusion may be coupled to an end of the threaded rod by a rotatable collar, with the protrusion extending through a slot in the tube to mark the length of the strut. A modular attachment member may be adapted to be couple to the first joint and include a worm gear adapted to engage gear teeth of the actuation mechanism. The modular attachment member may include a radiofrequency identity tag mechanism adapted to be read by a tag reader of a tool, the tool adapted to couple to the attachment member to rotate the worm gear to increase or decrease the effective length of the strut.

Abstract: A system for treating tissue of a patient's anatomy at a target site. A localizer generates location data associated with the anatomy. A display unit overlays visual content on the anatomy within a field of view observable by a user. A visualization program on a computing device generates a virtual reference frame, identifies viable and non-viable approaches for fixation elements to engage tissue and secure a stabilizer relative to the target site based on patient-specific imaging data, arranges a virtual viability model within the virtual reference frame based on the location data and comprising viable portions associated with viable approaches and non-viable portions associated with non-viable approaches, and renders the virtual viability model in the visual content displayed by the display unit overlaid onto the anatomy within the field of view to assist the user in visualizing at least one of viable approaches and non-viable approaches.

Abstract: A system for treating tissue of a patient's anatomy at a target site. A localizer generates location data associated with the anatomy. A display unit overlays visual content on the anatomy within a field of view observable by a user. A visualization program on a computing device generates a virtual reference frame, identifies viable and non-viable approaches for fixation elements to engage tissue and secure a stabilizer relative to the target site based on patient-specific imaging data, arranges a virtual viability model within the virtual reference frame based on the location data and comprising viable portions associated with viable approaches and non-viable portions associated with non-viable approaches, and renders the virtual viability model in the visual content displayed by the display unit overlaid onto the anatomy within the field of view to assist the user in visualizing at least one of viable approaches and non-viable approaches.

Abstract: A total ankle prosthesis that includes a talar component that has a bone contacting side for contacting a talus and an articular side opposite the bone contacting side. The articular side has first and second condyles separated by an intercondylar notch. The first condyle defines a spheroidal convex surface. The prosthesis also includes a tibial component that has a bone contacting side for contacting a tibia and an articular side. The articular side has first and second condyles separated by an intercondylar spine. The first condyle of the tibial component defines a concave surface. The concave surface has a condylar edge that defines a perimeter thereof and a plurality of articular portions positioned between anterior and posterior extents of the condylar edge. A first articular portion of the articular portions is spheroidal and a second articular portion is defined by a cylindrical helix.

Abstract: An external fixation system includes first and second fixation members having first and second pluralities of mounting holes, respectively. The first and second plurality of holes are configured to receive first and second ends of a plurality of struts, each strut having a default or initial mounting position. A simulation of the correction may be performed with the struts in the default positions, but it may be determined that the correction is not achievable. Additional simulations of the correction may be performed with the ends of the struts in different mounting positions to determine if other mounting positions of the struts allow the correction to be completed. During the correction, if one of the struts reaches a maximum length, it may be disconnected and reconnected to a different mounting hole so that, after being reconnected, the strut may be further increased in length to continue the correction.

Abstract: A bone plate includes a bone-contacting surface, an upper surface opposite the bone-contacting surface, and a hole having a circumference and extending from the upper surface to the bone-contacting surface. The hole includes a first portion having a plurality of substantially parallel lips, each lip extends around the circumference of the hole and defines a diameter of the hole. The diameters of the hole, as defined by the lips, decrease in a direction from the upper surface to a center of the hole and increase in a direction from the center of the hole toward the bone-contacting surface.

Abstract: An external fixation frame system may include a first ring, a second ring, and at least three struts configured to couple the first ring to the second ring, each strut having a rotatable head portion and a counter torque portion. The system may also include an adjustment tool that includes a driver portion having an inner engagement portion for engaging the head portion of the strut, an outer engagement portion for engaging the counter torque portion of the strut, and a feedback mechanism rotatably coupled to the inner and outer engagement portions. The tool may further include a plunger having an inner portion positioned at least partially within the inner engagement portion, and an outer portion positioned at least partially between the inner engagement portion and the outer engagement portions, the plunger being axially translatable with respect to the inner and outer engagement portions.

Abstract: An external fixation system includes first and second fixation members having first and second pluralities of mounting holes, respectively. The first and second plurality of holes are configured to receive first and second ends of a plurality of struts, each strut having a default or initial mounting position. A simulation of the correction may be performed with the struts in the default positions, but it may be determined that the correction is not achievable. Additional simulations of the correction may be performed with the ends of the struts in different mounting positions to determine if other mounting positions of the struts allow the correction to be completed. During the correction, if one of the struts reaches a maximum length, it may be disconnected and reconnected to a different mounting hole so that, after being reconnected, the strut may be further increased in length to continue the correction.

Abstract: A bone plate includes a bone-contacting surface, an upper surface opposite the bone-contacting surface, and a hole having a circumference and extending from the upper surface to the bone-contacting surface. The hole includes a first portion having a plurality of substantially parallel lips, each lip extends around the circumference of the hole and defines a diameter of the hole. The diameters of the hole, as defined by the lips, decrease in a direction from the upper surface to a center of the hole and increase in a direction from the center of the hole toward the bone-contacting surface.