Abstract: A water soluble biodegradable polymer and a process for preparation thereof are disclosed. The polymer has characteristic NMR and FTIR peaks. The polymer is prepared by a process including preparing a mixture of phosphatides and triglycerides, reacting the mixture with an anhydride in an organic solvent in presence of a catalyst at an elevated temperature to obtain a reaction product, hydrolyzing the reaction product, thereafter separating the organic solvent from the reaction product, adding a second monomer with a catalyst to form a reaction mass, further curing the mass under stirring at reflux temperature, and finally cooling the cured mass and neutralizing it with caustic lye to obtain the polymer. The polymer is biodegradable and has high calcium sequestration and calcium salt inhibition properties suitable as an additive for detergents and water treatment applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to increasing the electrocatalytic activity of conducting polymers so that the same may be useful for electro-oxidation of methanol which is important for fuel-cell technology. Conventional catalysts used for this process are based on Pt, Ru or Pd complexes which are incorporated in carbon/graphite based electrodes. However, these are not only expensive but difficult to fabricate in different shapes. Conducting polymer based electrodes have advantage of ease of fabrication but their activity has been found in the past to be not very high. The present invention provides a process for preparation of conducting polymer based electrodes which have very high catalytic activity (8 to 10 times higher) for electro-oxidation of methanol.

Abstract: Conducting polymers are required for many applications in electrical and electronic industry such as RF/EMI shielding, electrostatic protection etc. wherein their shaping and moulding by conventional techniques is desired. The method of incorporation of carbon black or metal particles to make conducting polymer composite has many drawbacks regarding melt flow and processability. In order to make intrinsically conducting polymer blends which are melt processable, modified doping agents have to be used. Even in such cases, the process is more suitable for solution blending/casting rather than melt processing. In order to overcome many of these drawbacks it is essential to synthesize the conducting polymer compound in such manner that it provides high electrical conductivity as well as good melt flow properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to increasing the electrocatalytic activity of conducting polymers so that the same may be useful for electro-oxidation of methanol which is important for fuel-cell technology. Conventional catalysts used for this process are based on Pt, Ru or Pd complexes which are incorporated in carbon/graphite based electrodes. However, these are not only expensive but difficult to fabricate in different shapes. Conducting polymer based electrodes have advantage of ease of fabrication but their activity has been found in the past to be not very high. The present invention provides a process for preparation of conducting polymer based electrodes which have very high catalytic activity (8 to 10 times higher) for electro-oxidation of methanol.

Abstract: Diaryl carbonates such as diphenyl carbonate are prepared by reaction of hydroxyaromatic compounds such as phenol with oxygen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a Group VIIIB metal such as palladium or a compound thereof, a bromide source such as a quaternary ammonium or hexaalkylguanidinium bromide and a polyaniline in partially oxidized and partially reduced form. The polyaniline is preferably halide-doped and in the form of a blend with a binder polymer containing ether or ester groups and a complex-forming salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing a dental amalgam that is devoid of harmful free mercury, to be used as a filler for dental cavities. In particular the invention relates to processes by which two separate compositions characterized as treated silver and silver-mercury compound are formed, which are then used in a mixture with mercury to form the dental amalgam.