Patents by Inventor Subramanian Ramalingam

Subramanian Ramalingam has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Patent number: 11967781
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a phased antenna array that radiates at a frequency greater than 10 GHz through a display. The array may include a dielectric resonator antenna having a dielectric column. The dielectric column may have a first surface mounted to a circuit board and a second surface that faces the display. A conductive cap may be formed on the second surface. The conductive cap may allow the dimensions of dielectric column to be reduced while still allowing the dielectric resonator antenna to cover a frequency band of interest. If desired, the phased antenna array may include multiple sets of dielectric resonator antennas for covering different frequency bands. The sets may have different dielectric column heights and/or different conductive cap sizes.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 23, 2020
    Date of Patent: April 23, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Subramanian Ramalingam, Harish Rajagopalan, Bilgehan Avser, Mattia Pascolini, Rodney A. Gomez Angulo
  • Patent number: 11962101
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a phased antenna array that radiates at a frequency greater than 10 GHz. The array may include a dielectric resonator antenna having a dielectric column with non-planar sidewalls that include planar portions and corrugated portions with grooves and ridges, that include sidewall steps, and/or that include angled sidewall portions. The dielectric resonator antenna may include a first dielectric column and a second dielectric column stacked on the first dielectric column. The second column may be narrower and may have a higher dielectric constant than the first column or may have the same width but a lower dielectric constant than the first column. This may serve to broaden the bandwidth of the dielectric resonator antenna relative to scenarios where the dielectric resonator antenna includes only a single dielectric resonating element having only planar sidewalls.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 29, 2022
    Date of Patent: April 16, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Panagiotis Theofanopoulos, Subramanian Ramalingam, Harish Rajagopalan, Bilgehan Avser, David Garrido Lopez, Forhad Hasnat, Mikal Askarian Amiri, Rodney A Gomez Angulo
  • Publication number: 20240113436
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a phased antenna array that radiates at a frequency greater than 10 GHz. The array may include a first set of dielectric resonator antennas arranged in a first row and a second set of dielectric resonator antennas in a second row offset from the first row. Each dielectric resonator antenna may have dielectric resonating element with a base portion and a stepped portion. The stepped portions of the antennas in the first set may be arranged to be distant from the stepped portions of the antennas in the second set. The antennas in the first set may be arranged to be more distant from an electronic device sidewall than the antennas in the second set. Configured in this manner, the array may exhibit reduced inter-coupling between dielectric resonator antennas in the first set and dielectric resonator antennas in the second set.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 10, 2023
    Publication date: April 4, 2024
    Inventors: David Garrido Lopez, Panagiotis Theofanopoulos, Harish Rajagopalan, Subramanian Ramalingam, Forhad Hasnat, Rodney A. Gomez Angulo, Robert Scritzky
  • Publication number: 20240113425
    Abstract: An electronic device may include an antenna and a coaxial cable coupled to the antenna. The coaxial cable may have a signal conductor coupled to an antenna resonating element of the antenna and a ground conductor coupled to an antenna ground of the antenna. The ground conductor may include an ungrounded segment that is separated from the antenna ground by a gap. A capacitive coupling between the ground conductor in the ungrounded segment and the antenna ground via the gap may form an impedance matching component for the coaxial cable. A dielectric retention layer may overlap the coaxial cable and hold the coaxial cable in place relative to the antenna ground to maintain the gap.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 10, 2023
    Publication date: April 4, 2024
    Inventors: Panagiotis Theofanopoulos, David Garrido Lopez, Nicholas A Renda, Le Li, Xiangyu Wang, Emily Sheng, Jason Bakhshi, Harish Rajagopalan, Forhad Hasnat, Subramanian Ramalingam, Erik A Uttermann, Rodney A Gomez Angulo, Ozgur Isik
  • Publication number: 20240106134
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a phased antenna array having a dielectric resonator antenna. The antenna may include a first dielectric block on a printed circuit, a second dielectric block on the first dielectric block, and a third dielectric block on the second dielectric block. At least the second and third dielectric blocks may have different dielectric constants. The antenna may be fed by one or more feed probes. Each feed probe may include respective conductive via and a conductive patch coupled to the conductive via. The conductive via may extend through the first dielectric block. The conductive patch may be sandwiched between the first and second dielectric blocks. The conductive patch may have a width that configures the conductive patch to form a smooth impedance transition between the conductive via and each of the dielectric blocks despite the different materials used to form the antenna.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 23, 2022
    Publication date: March 28, 2024
    Inventors: Subramanian Ramalingam, David Garrido Lopez, Forhad Hasnat, Harish Rajagopalan, Panagiotis Theofanopoulos
  • Publication number: 20240106128
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a phased antenna array having a dielectric resonator antenna. The antenna may include a first dielectric block on a printed circuit, a second dielectric block on the first dielectric block, and a third dielectric block on the second dielectric block. At least the second and third dielectric blocks may have different dielectric constants. A parasitic element may be disposed between the second and third dielectric resonating elements and/or a parasitic element may be disposed on a radiative face of the third dielectric resonating element. The parasitic elements may act as electromagnetic mirrors that form images of electric fields in the dielectric resonating elements. The images may make the dielectric resonating elements exhibit a greater electromagnetic height than physical height. This may allow for a reduction in the overall physical height of the dielectric resonator antenna without sacrificing wireless performance.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 23, 2022
    Publication date: March 28, 2024
    Inventors: Subramanian Ramalingam, David Garrido Lopez, Forhad Hasnat, Harish Rajagopalan, Panagiotis Theofanopoulos
  • Patent number: 11922235
    Abstract: Techniques are described relating to coordinating asynchronous communication among a plurality of client microservices in a managed services domain of a cloud computing environment. An associated computer-implemented method includes receiving at a single request topic queue of a message broker application programming interface (API) at least one message associated with a topic from at least one publisher microservice among the plurality of client microservices. The method further includes identifying an authorization identification parameter included in each of the at least one message. The method further includes publishing each of the at least one message to a respective bucket within a single response topic queue of the message broker API, the respective bucket corresponding to one of at least one subscriber microservice among the plurality of client microservices associated with the authorization identification parameter included in the message.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 10, 2021
    Date of Patent: March 5, 2024
    Assignee: International Business Corporation Machines
    Inventors: Chitra A. Iyer, Subramanian Palaniappan, Prabhakaran Ramalingam, Matheen Ahmed Pasha, Soma Shekar Naganna, Shettigar Parkala Srinivas
  • Patent number: 11879916
    Abstract: Accordingly embodiments herein disclose a method for estimating frequencies of multiple sinusoids by an electronic device (100). The method includes receiving a signal, where the signal comprises the multiple sinusoids. Further, the method includes estimating an initial frequency of each of the multiple sinusoids present in the received signal, determining that a first candidate parameter is less than zero, where the candidate parameter is a function of an estimated Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and an estimated threshold. Further, the method includes performing zero-padding on the received signal. Further, the method includes re-estimating frequencies obtained from zero-padded version of the received signal. Further, the method includes validating the re-estimated frequencies obtained from zero-padded version of the received signal based on validation criteria. Further, the method includes predicting the re-estimated frequencies or the initial frequencies as optimal frequencies based on the validation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 2021
    Date of Patent: January 23, 2024
    Assignee: INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MADRAS (IIT MADRAS)
    Inventors: Vishnu Palakkal, Coimbatore Subramanian Ramalingam
  • Publication number: 20230383158
    Abstract: A plurality of abrasive particles can include a coating overlying at least a portion of a core. In an embodiment, the plurality of abrasive particles can include a sintered coating overlying the core, wherein the sintered coating can include an oxide material, and wherein more than 75% of the plurality of abrasive particles are fully covered. In another embodiment, the plurality of abrasive particles can include a sintered coating overlying the core, wherein the sintered coating can include an oxide material, and wherein more the plurality of abrasive particles can have an average coating coverage of greater than 85% of the surface of the core. In an embodiment, the plurality of abrasive particles can include an average coating thickness of not greater than 2 microns. In another embodiment, the plurality of abrasive particles can include a thickness standard deviation of the coating of not greater than 200% of the average coating thickness. In a particular embodiment, the coating can include sintered silica.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 8, 2021
    Publication date: November 30, 2023
    Inventors: Marc YONGER, Leslie DOS SANTOS, Anne M. BONNER, Mark W. SIMON, Subramanian RAMALINGAM, Anthony MARTONE, Hua FAN, Darrell K. EVERTS, Brahmanandam V. TANIKELLA, Aldric BARBIER
  • Publication number: 20230261695
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with an antenna module having a substrate. A phased antenna array of dielectric resonator antennas and a radio-frequency integrated circuit for the array may be mounted to one or more surfaces of the substrate. The dielectric resonator antennas may include dielectric columns excited by feed probes. The feed probes may be printed onto sidewalls of the dielectric columns or may be pressed against the sidewalls by biasing structures. A plastic substrate may be molded over each dielectric column and each of the feed probes in the array. The feed probes may cover multiple polarizations. The array may include elements for covering multiple frequency bands. The dielectric columns may be aligned a longitudinal axis and may be rotated at a non-zero and non-perpendicular angle with respect to the longitudinal axis.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 24, 2023
    Publication date: August 17, 2023
    Inventors: Harish Rajagopalan, Bilgehan Avser, David Garrido Lopez, Forhad Hasnat, Mattia Pascolini, Mikal Askarian Amiri, Rodney A. Gomez Angulo, Thomas W. Yang, Jiechen Wu, Eric N. Nyland, Simone Paulotto, Jennifer M. Edwards, Matthew D. Hill, Ihtesham H. Chowdhury, David A. Hurrell, Siwen Yong, Jiangfeng Wu, Daniel C. Wagman, Soroush Akbarzadeh, Robert Scritzky, Subramanian Ramalingam
  • Patent number: 11700035
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with an antenna module having a substrate. A phased antenna array of dielectric resonator antennas and a radio-frequency integrated circuit for the array may be mounted to one or more surfaces of the substrate. The dielectric resonator antennas may include dielectric columns excited by feed probes. The feed probes may be printed onto sidewalls of the dielectric columns or may be pressed against the sidewalls by biasing structures. A plastic substrate may be molded over each dielectric column and each of the feed probes in the array. The feed probes may cover multiple polarizations. The array may include elements for covering multiple frequency bands. The dielectric columns may be aligned a longitudinal axis and may be rotated at a non-zero and non-perpendicular angle with respect to the longitudinal axis.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 2, 2020
    Date of Patent: July 11, 2023
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Harish Rajagopalan, Bilgehan Avser, David Garrido Lopez, Forhad Hasnat, Mattia Pascolini, Mikal Askarian Amiri, Rodney A. Gomez Angulo, Thomas W. Yang, Jiechen Wu, Eric N. Nyland, Simone Paulotto, Jennifer M. Edwards, Matthew D. Hill, Ihtesham H. Chowdhury, David A. Hurrell, Siwen Yong, Jiangfeng Wu, Daniel C. Wagman, Soroush Akbarzadeh, Robert Scritzky, Subramanian Ramalingam
  • Patent number: 11685849
    Abstract: An abrasive particle can include a coating overlying at least a portion of a core. In an embodiment, the coating can include a first portion overlying at least a portion of the core and a second portion overlying at least a portion of the core, wherein the first portion can include a ceramic material and the second portion can include a silane or a silane reaction product. In a particular embodiment, the first portion can consist essentially of silica. In another particular embodiment, the first portion can include a surface roughness of not greater than 5 nm and a crystalline content of not greater than 60%.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 9, 2020
    Date of Patent: June 27, 2023
    Assignees: SAINT-GOBAIN ABRASIVES, INC., SAINT-GOBAIN ABRASIFS
    Inventors: Marc Yonger, Leslie Dos Santos, Anne M. Bonner, Mark W. Simon, Subramanian Ramalingam, Anthony Martone, Hua Fan, Darrell K. Everts, Brahmanandam V. Tanikella, Aldric Barbier
  • Publication number: 20230176099
    Abstract: Accordingly embodiments herein disclose a method for estimating frequencies of multiple sinusoids by an electronic device (100). The method includes receiving a signal, where the signal comprises the multiple sinusoids. Further, the method includes estimating an initial frequency of each of the multiple sinusoids present in the received signal, determining that a first candidate parameter is less than zero, where the candidate parameter is a function of an estimated Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and an estimated threshold. Further, the method includes performing zero-padding on the received signal. Further, the method includes re-estimating frequencies obtained from zero-padded version of the received signal. Further, the method includes validating the re-estimated frequencies obtained from zero-padded version of the received signal based on validation criteria. Further, the method includes predicting the re-estimated frequencies or the initial frequencies as optimal frequencies based on the validation.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 18, 2021
    Publication date: June 8, 2023
    Applicant: Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)
    Inventors: Vishnu Palakkal, Coimbatore Subramanian Ramalingam
  • Publication number: 20230090668
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a phased antenna array that radiates at a frequency greater than 10 GHz. The array may include a dielectric resonator antenna having a dielectric column with non-planar sidewalls that include planar portions and corrugated portions with grooves and ridges, that include sidewall steps, and/or that include angled sidewall portions. The dielectric resonator antenna may include a first dielectric column and a second dielectric column stacked on the first dielectric column. The second column may be narrower and may have a higher dielectric constant than the first column or may have the same width but a lower dielectric constant than the first column. This may serve to broaden the bandwidth of the dielectric resonator antenna relative to scenarios where the dielectric resonator antenna includes only a single dielectric resonating element having only planar sidewalls.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 29, 2022
    Publication date: March 23, 2023
    Inventors: Panagiotis Theofanopoulos, Subramanian Ramalingam, Harish Rajagopalan, Bilgehan Avser, David Garrido Lopez, Forhad Hasnat, Mikal Askarian Amiri, Rodney A Gomez Angulo
  • Publication number: 20220372354
    Abstract: An abrasive particle can include a coating overlying at least a portion of a core. In an embodiment, the coating can include a first portion overlying at least a portion of the core and a second portion overlying at least a portion of the core, wherein the first portion can include a ceramic material and the second portion can include a silane or a silane reaction product. In a particular embodiment, the first portion can consist essentially of silica. In another particular embodiment, the first portion can include a surface roughness of not greater than 5 nm and a crystalline content of not greater than 60%.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 9, 2020
    Publication date: November 24, 2022
    Inventors: Marc YONGER, Leslie DOS SANTOS, Anne M. BONNER, Mark W. SIMON, Subramanian RAMALINGAM, Anthony MARTONE, Hua FAN, Darrell K. EVERTS, Brahmanandam V. TANIKELLA, Aldric BARBIER
  • Publication number: 20220094064
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a phased antenna array that radiates at a frequency greater than 10 GHz through a display. The array may include a dielectric resonator antenna having a dielectric column. The dielectric column may have a first surface mounted to a circuit board and a second surface that faces the display. A conductive cap may be formed on the second surface. The conductive cap may allow the dimensions of dielectric column to be reduced while still allowing the dielectric resonator antenna to cover a frequency band of interest. If desired, the phased antenna array may include multiple sets of dielectric resonator antennas for covering different frequency bands. The sets may have different dielectric column heights and/or different conductive cap sizes.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 23, 2020
    Publication date: March 24, 2022
    Inventors: Subramanian Ramalingam, Harish Rajagopalan, Bilgehan Avser, Mattia Pascolini, Rodney A. Gomez Angulo
  • Publication number: 20220006486
    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with an antenna module having a substrate. A phased antenna array of dielectric resonator antennas and a radio-frequency integrated circuit for the array may be mounted to one or more surfaces of the substrate. The dielectric resonator antennas may include dielectric columns excited by feed probes. The feed probes may be printed onto sidewalls of the dielectric columns or may be pressed against the sidewalls by biasing structures. A plastic substrate may be molded over each dielectric column and each of the feed probes in the array. The feed probes may cover multiple polarizations. The array may include elements for covering multiple frequency bands. The dielectric columns may be aligned a longitudinal axis and may be rotated at a non-zero and non-perpendicular angle with respect to the longitudinal axis.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 2, 2020
    Publication date: January 6, 2022
    Inventors: Harish Rajagopalan, Bilgehan Avser, David Garrido Lopez, Forhad Hasnat, Mattia Pascolini, Mikal Askarian Amiri, Rodney A. Gomez Angulo, Thomas W. Yang, Jiechen Wu, Eric N. Nyland, Simone Paulotto, Jennifer M. Edwards, Matthew D. Hill, Ihtesham H. Chowdhury, David A. Hurrell, Siwen Yong, Jiangfeng Wu, Daniel C. Wagman, Soroush Akbarzadeh, Robert Scritzky, Subramanian Ramalingam
  • Patent number: 9056794
    Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a lithia alumina silica material that exhibits a low CTE over a broad temperature range and a method of making the same. The low CTE of the material allows for a decrease in microcracking within the material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 19, 2013
    Date of Patent: June 16, 2015
    Inventors: Ivar Reimanis, Subramanian Ramalingam
  • Publication number: 20150065329
    Abstract: The invention introduces new glasses, and new methods for making glass, glass-ceramics, and/or ceramic articles from inorganic compounds extracted from organic waste streams, including food waste streams, agricultural waste streams, and other organic waste streams with high inorganic oxide content. The organic waste stream can also be extended to human and animal wastes. These glasses will have the same, or improved physical, chemical, and mechanical properties as glasses made from mined minerals, however, the methodology disclosed in this invention will produce a renewable and sustainable inorganic product manufactured from organic waste streams.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 4, 2014
    Publication date: March 5, 2015
    Inventors: Ivan A. Cornejo, Ivar E. Reimanis, Subramanian Ramalingam
  • Publication number: 20130281282
    Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a lithia alumina silica material that exhibits a low CTE over a broad temperature range and a method of making the same. The low CTE of the material allows for a decrease in microcracking within the material.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 19, 2013
    Publication date: October 24, 2013
    Inventors: Ivar Reimanis, Subramanian Ramalingam