Abstract: A method for controlled biomass densification in a biological treatment of a raw influent, includes a step of subjecting the raw influent to a biological treatment of free suspended biomass, thereby producing a biomass comprising activated sludge; a step of separation and/or clarification of the activated sludge, thereby producing an effluent and a RAS; a step of extracting at least part of the RAS and/or part of the activated sludge as a first source of a WAS; a step of external density-based selection of at least part of the RAS and/or part of the activated sludge, thereby generating an overflow intended to be extracted as a second source of WAS, and an underflow comprising dense biomass aggregates; a step of producing and/or sustaining dense biomass aggregates, such as aerobic granular sludge or biofilm, by a dense biomass aggregates generating process, with at least part of the raw influent; a step of subjecting the dense biomass aggregates to the biological treatment; a step of subjecting the dense bioma

Abstract: This invention proposes the use of Thermal Hydrolysis (or Thermal Carbonization) at different temperatures and pressures in alternate waste streams to achieve an optimal mix of high digestion rates and pasteurization rates while still achieving large viscosity reduction. In the disclosed embodiments means of combining Thermal Hydrolysis (or Thermal Carbonization) and Pasteurization including but not limited to placing the waste streams in parallel, placing them in series, utilizing heat input in parallel and heat exchangers in series are explored to optimize hydrolysis rates, minimize the use of high pressure tanks, optimize energy used, and manage viscosity characteristics of the solids.

Abstract: This invention proposes the use of Thermal Hydrolysis (or Thermal Carbonization) at different temperatures and pressures in alternate waste streams to achieve an optimal mix of high digestion rates and pasteurization rates while still achieving large viscosity reduction. In the disclosed embodiments means of combining Thermal Hydrolysis (or Thermal Carbonization) and Pasteurization including but not limited to placing the waste streams in parallel, placing them in series, utilizing heat input in parallel and heat exchangers in series are explored to optimize hydrolysis rates, minimize the use of high pressure tanks, optimize energy used, and manage viscosity characteristics of the solids.

Abstract: A product, including digestate, that has been pasteurized through thermal hydrolysis, thermal alkaline hydrolysis, or thermal carbonization is cured to enhance its marketability. Variations of this disclosure include embodiments where pasteurized material is inoculated to further enhance marketability where the inoculation is performed by injecting a fungicide, other means of inoculation by injecting beneficial microorganisms to produce characteristics in digestate that are anti-fungal or produce suitable enzyme cofactors or nutrients to stabilize digestate, injections of vitamins to enhance the ability of plants grown using select digestate to thrive in adverse conditions, injection of chemicals to enhance the ability of digestate to retain heat and prevent freezing during wintry conditions, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for selecting, retaining or bioaugmenting solids in an activated sludge process for improving wastewater treatment using a screen device. If desired, the screen device may include a drum, and the rotating speed of the drum may be used to control the solids retained. Effluent including waste biomass may exit the screen device. No other discharge unit from the screen device may be required.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for removing constituents from an influent. The apparatus includes a biological processor that receives a water mixture as influent and outputs a liquor, a solid-liquid separator that receives the liquor and separates the liquor into a liquid and a solid; and a biofilm media that includes at least one media surface. The biofilm media may have a biofilm mass, biofilm volume, biofilm density, biofilm thickness, hydraulic retention time or solids residence time. The at least one media surface grows a biofilm that removes one or more constituents contained in the influent. The biofilm mass, biofilm volume, biofilm density, biofilm thickness, hydraulic retention time or solids residence time can be controlled by at least one of a physical process, a biological process or a chemical process.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for selecting, retaining or bioaugmenting solids in an activated sludge process for improving wastewater treatment using screens. The screens can be used to separate and retain solids based on size, compressibility or shear resistance. The screens are used to separate and select slow growing organisms, faster settling organisms, or materials added to absorb, treat or remove constituents in the activated sludge process. A swapping screen arrangement provides another means of selecting various particles. The exposed shear rate or time, particle compression, or SRTs can be adjusted manually and/or automatically in response to detected readings from an instrument such as a spectrophotometer or other optical approaches to optimize selection of organisms.

Abstract: One or more reactor and one or more control methods are used for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment to achieve measured control of maintaining high ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) oxidation rates while achieving nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) out-selection, using various control strategies, including: 1) ammonia and the use of ammonia setpoints; 2) operational DO and the use of DO setpoints; 3) bioaugmentation of anammox and lighter flocculant AOB fraction; and 4) implementation of transient anoxia in several reactor configurations and conditions for removal of oxidized nitrogen using anammox or heterotrophic organisms.

Abstract: This invention proposes the use of Thermal Hydrolysis (or Thermal Carbonization) at different temperatures and pressures in alternate waste streams to achieve an optimal mix of high digestion rates and pasteurization rates while still achieving large viscosity reduction. In the disclosed embodiments means of combining Thermal Hydrolysis (or Thermal Carbonization) and Pasteurization including but not limited to placing the waste streams in parallel, placing them in series, utilizing heat input in parallel and heat exchangers in series are explored to optimize hydrolysis rates, minimize the use of high pressure tanks, optimize energy used, and manage viscosity characteristics of the solids.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to nitrogen removal with carbon addition, including for wastewater treatment. The denitrification reaction may be terminated at an intermediate nitrite product which is supplied to the anammox reaction. Nitrogen may be removed by use of an electron donor source including, but not limited to, acetate or glycerol at a specific zone. The electron donor may be used to convert nitrate to nitrite through appropriate dosing, anoxic SRT and/or maintenance of a nitrate residual in isolation or in combination. The subsequent supply of nitrite and ammonia for anammox reactions is also proposed. The slower growing anammox may be selectively retained on media or using other physical approaches. The overall intent of the present disclosure is to minimize the use of electron donor by maximizing denitratation and anammox reactions. Test results for selective retention of anammox in biofilm, granular or suspended growth system or nitrate residual control are provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for overcoming biofilm diffusion in water treatment by the addition of the substrate flux within biofilm by advection or convection in order to overcome diffusional limitations.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for selecting and retaining solids in an activated sludge process for the improving wastewater treatment using screens. The screens can be used to separate and retain solids based on size or compressibility. The screens are used to separate and select for slow growing organisms, faster settling organisms, or materials added to absorb, treat or remove constituents in the activated sludge process.

Abstract: A mount or submersible or semisubmersible housing for supporting a submersible analyzer or device and method for analyzing fluid. The mount includes an elongated submersible housing that supports the analyzer or device. The housing is ruggedized and has a geometric body with an internal cavity and with upper and lower ends. The upper end is configured to mount to a fixed structure. In some embodiments a slot extends between the upper and lower ends of the housing along a longitudinal axis thereof. In some such embodiments the slot is sized to receive a portion of a sliding extension that supports a sensor of the analyzer or device, thereby facilitating the installation and removal of the analyzer or device with respect to the elongated submersible housing. An attachment may be used to fixedly mount the elongated submersible housing to the fixed structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for selecting, retaining or bioaugmenting solids in an activated sludge process for improving wastewater treatment using a screen device. If desired, the screen device may include a drum, and the rotating speed of the drum may be used to control the solids retained. Effluent including waste biomass may exit the screen device. No other discharge unit from the screen device may be required.

Abstract: A reactor and control method thereof for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment achieves a measured control of maintaining high ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) oxidation rates while achieving nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) repression, using various control strategies, including: 1) ammonia and the use of ammonia setpoints, 2) operational DO and the proper use of DO setpoints, 3) bioaugmentation of a lighter flocculant AOB fraction, and 4) proper implementation of transient anoxia within a wide range of reactor configurations and operating conditions.

Abstract: One or more reactor and one or more control methods are used for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment to achieve measured control of maintaining high ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) oxidation rates while achieving nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) out-selection, using various control strategies, including: 1) ammonia and the use of ammonia setpoints; 2) operational DO and the use of DO setpoints; 3) bioaugmentation of anammox and lighter flocculant AOB fraction; and 4) implementation of transient anoxia in several reactor configurations and conditions for removal of oxidized nitrogen using anammox or heterotrophic organisms.

Abstract: A reactor and control method for maximizing nitrogen removal and minimizing aeration requirements through control of transient anoxia and aerobic SRT, repression of NOB, and control of dynamic DO concentrations or aeration interval by keeping the reactor NH4 and NOx concentrations approximately equal. Controls are provided for maximizing the potential for TIN removal through nitrification, limited nitritation, nitritation, denitrification, limited denitritation, denitritation making use of 1) real time measurement of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, 2) operational DO and the proper use of DO setpoints, and 3) proper implementation of transient anoxia within a wide range of reactor configurations and operating conditions.

Abstract: A reactor and control method for maximizing nitrogen removal and minimizing aeration requirements through control of transient anoxia and aerobic SRT, repression of NOB, and control of dynamic DO concentrations or aeration interval by keeping the reactor NH4 and NOx concentrations approximately equal. Controls are provided for maximizing the potential for TIN removal through nitrification, limited nitritation, nitritation, denitrification, limited denitritation, denitritation making use of 1) real time measurement of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, 2) operational DO and the proper use of DO setpoints, and 3) proper implementation of transient anoxia within a wide range of reactor configurations and operating conditions.

Abstract: One or more reactor and one or more control methods are used for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment to achieve measured control of maintaining high ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) oxidation rates while achieving nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) out-selection, using various control strategies, including: 1) ammonia and the use of ammonia setpoints; 2) operational DO and the use of DO setpoints; 3) bioaugmentation of anammox and lighter flocculant AOB fraction; and 4) implementation of transient anoxia in several reactor configurations and conditions for removal of oxidized nitrogen using anammox or heterotrophic organisms.

Abstract: A reactor and control method thereof for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment achieves a measured control of maintaining high ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) oxidation rates while achieving nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) repression, using various control strategies, including: 1) ammonia and the use of ammonia setpoints, 2) operational DO and the proper use of DO setpoints, 3) bioaugmentation of a lighter flocculant AOB fraction, and 4) proper implementation of transient anoxia within a wide range of reactor configurations and operating conditions.