Abstract: The light diffusing plate includes a light-transmissive support, a diffusing layer having light-transmissive spheres, and a light-sensitive color forming material interposed between the support and the diffusing layer, the light-sensitive color forming material containing a positive-acting diazo light- and heat-sensitive material or a positive-acting silver halide light-sensitive emulsion, or a negative-acting light-sensitive color forming material in the side contacting the light-transmissive spheres and a positive-acting light-sensitive color forming material in the side of the support, the light-sensitive color forming material being developed to take on color after generally parallel light is launched from a side where the diffusing layer is provided. The display apparatus makes use of the diffusing plate.

Abstract: Optical diffusion element comprises a layer of polymer particles self-fused together, each polymer particle having a refractivity varying from the center to the periphery thereof and a component for the periphery having a glass transition temperature that is desirably lower than 100° C. The optical diffusion element is desirably provided with an optical transparent layer in contact with the polymer particle layer.

Abstract: Optical diffusion element comprises a layer of polymer particles self-fused together, each polymer particle having a refractivity varying from the center to the periphery thereof and a component for the periphery having a glass transition temperature that is desirably lower than 100° C. The optical diffusion element is desirably provided with an optical transparent layer in contact with the polymer particle layer.

Abstract: A display substrate comprising a plastic film whose average light transmittance in wavelengths of 400 to 700 nm is 70% or more and whose glass transition point is 100° C. or more, and a gas barrier layer that contains an inorganic layered compound and polymers is provided.

Abstract: The light diffusing plate includes a light-transmissive support, a diffusing layer having light-transmissive spheres, and a light-sensitive color forming material interposed between the support and the diffusing layer, the light-sensitive color forming material containing a positive-acting diazo light- and heat-sensitive material or a positive-acting silver halide light-sensitive emulsion, or a negative-acting light-sensitive color forming material in the side contacting the light-transmissive spheres and a positive-acting light-sensitive color forming material in the side of the support, the light-sensitive color forming material being developed to take on color after generally parallel light is launched from a side where the diffusing layer is provided. The display apparatus makes use of the diffusing plate.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for glow discharge treatment of opposite surfaces of a moving web such as a plastic film or metallic sheet. The web moves in a vacuum housing between two rows of elongated electrodes arranged in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the web. Coolant flows through an elongated hollow space in each electrode. The electrodes are fitted into a single common socket which is removably attached to the vacuum housing. A shielding member made of metallic material covers only the part of each electrode which is laterally offset to a side of the web. Each shielding member is connected to ground via a conductor and is spaced away from the outer peripheral surface of each electrode by a gap which is sufficiently small to prevent discharging of electricity from occurring in the gap when the web is subjected to glow discharging treatment.

Abstract: A multicolor heat-sensitive recording material which comprises a transparent support having two or more of color-producing unit layers differing in hue of the produced color in such a situation that at least one unit layer is provided on each side of the support, wherein at least one color-producing unit layer is essentially transparent, namely, Haze % of said transparent layer is less than 40% and a multicolor heat-sensitive recording material further provided a transparent protective layer on the outermost color producing unit layer are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention discloses a manufacturing method of a heat sensitive material having a transparent heat sensitive layer comprised of controlling transparency of heat sensitive layer by coating a composition containing an emulsified dispersion prepared by dispersing a color developer dissolved into an organic solvent slightly soluble or insoluble in water and microcapsules containing at least a colorless or light colored electron donating dye precursor (core material) and then drying the coat, in which a refractive index of the core material and that of an oil phase of the color developer dispersion are properly adjusted. When providing a transparent heat sensitive layer obtained by the above method on a printed support, a printed matter can be seen through the heat sensitive layer.

Abstract: A heat transfer recording medium composed of a support having provided thereon (a) microcapsules containing an oil-soluble dye dissolved in an organic solvent and (b) a sensitizer that is solid at ordinary temperature and capable of melting on heating to swell the microcapsule wall and release the dye. This heat transfer recording medium can be used as a sheet in, for example, a facsimile and a printer, for excellent gradation in printed images, and reduced fogging.

Abstract: Microcapsules, a process for preparing the same, and a pressure-sensitive recording paper containing the same are disclosed. The microcapsules are prepared by a process which comprises polymerizing melamine and formaldehyde, or polymerizing initial condensates of melamine and formaldehyde, around hydrophobic oil droplets containing a polyisocyanate or a prepolymer of polyisocyanate, wherein a polyhydroxy compound is incorporated into said hydrophobic oil droplets prior to microencapsulation, thereby producing a sturdy double wall made of of polyurethaneurea film (inner wall) and melamine/formaldehyde resin film (outer wall).

Abstract: A multicolor heat-sensitive recording material is disclosed, comprising a support having carried thereon at least two colorless or light-colored color formers capable of developing different colors and color developers capable of reacting with said color formers upon heating to develop colors, wherein at least one of the color formers and color developers is encapsulized, at least one of the color formers is a diazo compound which is substantially decomposed by light, and at least one of the other color formers is a compound which is not substantially decomposed by light. The material provide a multicolor image having excellent hues and sharpness without color smearing and is free from undesired color formation before or after recording.

Abstract: A process for preparing a recording material comprising a support and a recording layer on the support, said recording layer containing a coupling agent and containing microcapsules containing a diazo compound, wherein a microcapsule dispersion which is coated on the support to form the recording layer is prepared by preparing an emulsion containing at least a diazo compound and a microcapsule wall-forming substance, forming microcapsule walls on emulsion droplets, and removing diazo compound remaining unincluded in the microcapsules formed from the emulsion.

Abstract: This invention discloses a heat sensitive recording material having a heat sensitive layer on a support; either of a color forming material or a developer which are contained in the heat sensitive layer is encased in a microcapsule. Since a plasticizer for a wall material of the microcapsule and a compound having an effect to depress the melting point of at least one member out of developers, a color forming reaction is carried out smoothly under a recording condition, therefore, a density of an obtained image is sufficient. Especially good results are obtained when a macromolecule substance selected from a group of polyurethane, polyurea, polyamide, polyester and polycarbonate is used as a wall material of the microcapsule. A coloring reaction assistant may be contained in any place of the heat sensitive layer.A preferable plasticizer can be selected from a group of phenols, alcohols, ureas, sulfonamides, carbamates and aromatic methoxy compounds.

Abstract: A photographic material comprising a hydrophobic support is described, having thereon a first subbing layer formed of a polymeric compound and a second subbing layer comprising a hydrophilic layer containing water-soluble methyl cellulose having a degree of substitution less than 2.5 or water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis less than 97 mole % on the first subbing layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is disclosed. The medium is comprised of a non-magnetic flexible support having a subbing layer coated thereon with a magnetic layer coated on the subbing layer. The subbing layer is comprised of a copolymer of a diolefin and a vinyl monomer. The subbing layer provides excellent adhesiveness between the support and the magnetic layer and can be produced without the use of organic solvents. Accordingly, the subbing layer can be economically produced without environmental pollution.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer on at least one side of a support is disclosed. The method is characterized by pretreatment with a solution carried out prior to a development-processing. The solution being substantially unable to cause a development reaction though it contains a developing agent. The method improves the covering power of developed silver without deteriorating the physical properties of the silver halide photographic material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating the surface of a polymer web comprising:(1) heating a polymer web by vacuum glow discharge treatment; and(2) cooling the resulting polymer web of step (1) at a higher temperature than the glass transition point of the polymer such that T.sub.n .gtoreq.T.sub.n-1 -40, wherein n is a positive integer, T.sub.0 is the initial temperature (.degree.C.) of the polymer web immediately after the vacuum glow discharge treatment of step (1) and T.sub.n is the temperature (.degree.C.) of the polymer web that has been drawn past the nth cooling roll.

Abstract: A subbing process for a photographic light-sensitive material is described comprising applying a polymer latex to a plastic film base, wherein said polymer is a copolymer composed of (1) a diolefin monomer, (2) at least one monovinyl monomer, and (3) at least one monomer having two or more vinyl groups, acryloyl groups, methacryloyl groups, or allyl groups excepting the diolefin monomer, and having a gel fraction of the polymer in the latex is from 50% to 95% by weight.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material composed of a support having a subbing layer and a silver halide emulsion layer formed thereon. The subbing layer comprised of a first subbing layer disposed to the support and a second subbing layer containing (i) a gelatin derivative and/or (ii) a polymer having the recurring unit shown by general formula (I) and/or (II) ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons, or a halogen; M is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or an organic base; X is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbons, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbons, an alkylamino group having 1 to 6 carbons, or a halogen; m is 0, 1 or 2; and n is 1 or 2 ##STR2## wherein R' is hydrogen or an alkyl group; X' is a hydrogen, a halogen, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an aryloxy group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, or an acylamido group; m' is 0, 1 or 2; and n' is 1 or 2.

Abstract: A process for producing a photographic light-sensitive material comprising providing a first light-sensitive photographic emulsion layer on one side of a support having a surface resistivity greater than 10.sup.14 .OMEGA. and a thickness of not more than 230.mu. and providing a light-sensitive photographic emulsion layer or a gelatin-containing back layer on the opposite side of the support wherein between the time the first emulsion layer is coated and the time the opposite surface of the support is coated, (i) the opposite surface of the support is prevented from coming into contact with anything except rolls having a diameter larger than about 50 mm, and (ii) the water/gelatin weight ratio in the photographic emulsion layer(s) coated on the first surface of the support prior to coating the second surface is not less than 1. The process is particularly applicable to production of X-ray films.