Abstract: The present disclosure provides a simple and inexpensive method to produce reduced Graphene oxide (rGO). The method comprises conversion of low-cost carbon sources such as coal tar pitch (industrial by-product) into a high quality rGO wherein said conversion is carried out by annealing the carbon source at two different temperatures. The rGO is obtained at high yields by employing the present method and the obtained rGO demonstrates high conductivity and good surface area along with very low oxygen content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hybrid transparent conducting electrode comprising reduced graphene oxide film, metal mesh and textured glass, wherein the reduced graphene oxide film is coated on the textured glass embedded with the metal mesh or the reduced graphene oxide film is sandwiched between the textured glass and the metal mesh. The present invention also relates to a process of preparing the hybrid conducting transparent conducting electrode. The said transparent conducting electrode exhibits transparency ranging from about 70% to 85% with sheet resistance ranging from about 5 ?/sq to 100 ?/sq.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to production of electrodes. The present disclosure particularly relates to production of graphene based transparent conducting electrode (TCE). The disclosure provides a simple and environmental friendly process for producing said graphene based TCE by coating of graphene on a modified or non-modified substrate. Said electrode provides large area metal network with reduced non-uniformity of conducting film, visible transparency and low or reduced sheet resistance. The disclosure further relates to a graphene based transparent conductive electrode (TCE).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a simple and inexpensive method to produce reduced Graphene oxide (rGO). The method comprises conversion of low-cost carbon sources such as coal tar pitch (industrial by-product) into a high quality rGO wherein said conversion is carried out by annealing the carbon source at two different temperatures. The rGO is obtained at high yields by employing the present method and the obtained rGO demonstrates high conductivity and good surface area along with very low oxygen content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hybrid transparent conducting electrode comprising reduced graphene oxide film, metal mesh and textured glass, wherein the reduced graphene oxide film is coated on the textured glass embedded with the metal mesh or the reduced graphene oxide film is sandwiched between the textured glass and the metal mesh. The present invention also relates to a process of preparing the hybrid conducting transparent conducting electrode. The said transparent conducting electrode exhibits transparency ranging from about 70% to 85% with sheet resistance ranging from about 5?/sq to 100?/sq.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to production of electrodes. The present disclosure particularly relates to production of graphene based transparent conducting electrode (TCE). The disclosure provides a simple and environmental friendly process for producing said graphene based TCE by coating of graphene on a modified or non-modified substrate. Said electrode provides large area metal network with reduced non-uniformity of conducting film, visible transparency and low or reduced sheet resistance. The disclosure further relates to a graphene based transparent conductive electrode (TCE).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for producing graphene, wherein the process is simple and economical. In the said process the substrate is contacted with vaporized seedlac to produce graphene on a substrate including but not limited to conductive material and non-conductive material. The disclosure further relates to a graphene which is impermeable to ions and molecules, resistant to oxidation and is hydrophobic. The disclosure furthermore relates to a substrate comprising graphene, said substrate is resistant to corrosion, resistant to oxidation and is hydrophobic.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for producing graphene, wherein the process is simple and economical. In the said process the substrate is contacted with vaporized seedlac to produce graphene on a substrate including but not limited to conductive material and non-conductive material. The disclosure further relates to a graphene which is impermeable to ions and molecules, resistant to oxidation and is hydrophobic. The disclosure furthermore relates to a substrate comprising graphene, said substrate is resistant to corrosion, resistant to oxidation and is hydrophobic.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to increase the cooling rate of gas used in a batch annealing furnace of cold rolling mills under bypass cooling. The invention makes use of the higher heat transfer capacities of nanocoolants developed by a high-shear mixing of nanoparticles and stabilizers in a basic aqueous medium for cooling heated hydrogen flowing through a heat exchanger during bypass cooling of the batch annealing furnace. The nanofluid is prepared in a nanofluid preparation unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to increase the cooling rate of gas used in a batch annealing furnace of cold rolling mills under bypass cooling. The invention makes use of the higher heat transfer capacities of nanocoolants developed by a high-shear mixing of nanoparticles and stabilizers in a basic aqueous medium for cooling heated hydrogen flowing through a heat exchanger during bypass cooling of the batch annealing furnace. The nanofluid is prepared in a nanofluid preparation unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to increase the cooling rate of gas used in a batch annealing furnace of cold rolling mills under bypass cooling. The invention makes use of the higher heat transfer capacities of nanocoolants developed by a high-shear mixing of nanoparticles and stabilizers in a basic aqueous medium for cooling heated hydrogen flowing through a heat exchanger during bypass cooling of the batch annealing furnace. The nanofluid is prepared in a nanofluid preparation unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to increase the cooling rate of gas used in a batch annealing furnace of cold rolling mills under bypass cooling. The invention makes use of the higher heat transfer capacities of nanocoolants developed by a high-shear mixing of nanoparticles and stabilizers in a basic aqueous medium for cooling heated hydrogen flowing through a heat exchanger during bypass cooling of the batch annealing furnace. The nanofluid is prepared in a nanofluid preparation unit.