Abstract: The inventive concept provides an antenna member. In an embodiment, the antenna member includes a first coil and a second coil which have a rotational symmetry to each other, and wherein the first coil includes a first supply terminal applied with a current and a first ground terminal connected to the ground, the second coil includes a second supply terminal applied with the current and a second ground terminal connected to the ground, and wherein the first coil and the second coil each include a first portion having an arc-shape and a second portion having an arc-shape which as a whole form one winding, and when seen from a side, the second portion has a relatively lower height than the first portion, and the second portion of the second coil is positioned below the first portion of the first coil, and the second portion of the first coil is positioned below the first portion of the second coil.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a substrate includes a treating vessel having an inner space, a support unit that supports and rotates the substrate in the inner space, and an exhaust unit that releases an air flow in the inner space. The exhaust unit includes an air-flow guide duct into which the air flow is introduced in a tangential direction with respect to a rotating direction of the substrate supported on the support unit.

Abstract: An embodiment power conversion device for electric vehicles includes a battery, a relay circuit connected to a charging/discharging outlet through first power lines, a power factor correction circuit connected to the relay circuit through second power lines between the relay circuit and the battery, a discharging outlet connected to branch lines branched from each of the second power lines, and a controller configured to control the relay circuit and the power factor correction circuit such that power from the battery is supplied to a load using asymmetric power or to a load using symmetric power connected to the discharging outlet.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes a lower substrate, an upper substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The lower substrate includes a first base substrate and a pixel electrode formed on the first base substrate. The first base substrate includes a first sub pixel area and a second sub pixel area. The upper substrate includes a second base substrate and a common electrode formed on the second base substrate. The liquid crystal layer is interposed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, and includes a first polymer disposed in the first sub pixel area and a second polymer disposed in the second pixel area. The first polymer has a first pre-tilt, and the second polymer has a second pre-tilt different from the first pre-tilt. Thus, a display quality of a liquid crystal display apparatus including the liquid crystal display panel may be enhanced.

Abstract: A horizontal electric field-type liquid crystal display (LCD) device is provided. The LCD device includes first and second substrates disposed opposite and apart from each other, a first electrode formed on an inner surface of the first substrate, a second electrode corresponding to the first electrode and configured to generate an electric field, and a liquid crystal (LC) layer formed between the first and second substrates, the LC layer including a polymer network and LC molecules confined in multiple domains by the polymer network.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes a lower substrate, an upper substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The lower substrate includes a first base substrate and a pixel electrode formed on the first base substrate. The first base substrate includes a first sub pixel area and a second sub pixel area. The upper substrate includes a second base substrate and a common electrode formed on the second base substrate. The liquid crystal layer is interposed between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, and includes a first polymer disposed in the first sub pixel area and a second polymer disposed in the second pixel area. The first polymer has a first pre-tilt, and the second polymer has a second pre-tilt different from the first pre-tilt. Thus, a display quality of a liquid crystal display apparatus including the liquid crystal display panel may be enhanced.

Abstract: A horizontal electric field-type liquid crystal display (LCD) device is provided. The LCD device includes first and second substrates disposed opposite and apart from each other, a first electrode formed on an inner surface of the first substrate, a second electrode corresponding to the first electrode and configured to generate an electric field, and a liquid crystal (LC) layer formed between the first and second substrates, the LC layer including a polymer network and LC molecules confined in multiple domains by the polymer network.