Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an airburst simulation system and method. The airburst simulation system includes a laser emitting unit to emit laser beam to an airburst aiming position, preset above a target hidden behind an obstacle, such that a warhead is airbursted to shoot the target, a laser detecting unit mounted onto the target to detect an arrival of the laser beam above the target, and a determining unit to measure a distance between the airburst aiming position and an arrival position of the laser detected by the laser detecting unit, and determine whether or not the target has been shot based on the distance. This allows for a simulated engagement using an airburst apparatus, with no harm to human bodies by virtue of the use of laser.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new indole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole compounds as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Disclosed is a firearm having dual barrels comprising a firearm body which is equipped with a small caliber barrel and a large caliber barrel; a selector installed on one side of the firearm body to select the type of bullet and the mode of firing; a fire control system installed on the firearm body to enable aiming the target through detecting the target both at day and night time; a firearm switch unit installed on the firearm body to transmit the information on the firing of the bullet; a fuse setter installed on the firearm body to transmit the control signal of the fire control system to the fuse of the explosive bullet which is introduced into the large caliber barrel; and a sensor device unit installed on the firearm body to transmit the position of the selector and sensed firing signal to the fire control system.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an airburst simulation system and method. The airburst simulation system includes a laser emitting unit to emit laser beam to an airburst aiming position, preset above a target hidden behind an obstacle, such that a warhead is airbursted to shoot the target, a laser detecting unit mounted onto the target to detect an arrival of the laser beam above the target, and a determining unit to measure a distance between the airburst aiming position and an arrival position of the laser detected by the laser detecting unit, and determine whether or not the target has been shot based on the distance. This allows for a simulated engagement using an airburst apparatus, with no harm to human bodies by virtue of the use of laser.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new indole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole compounds as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new indole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole compounds as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to indole or indazole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole or indazole compounds as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to indole or indazole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole or indazole compounds as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Disclosed are new compounds of formula (1) exhibiting excellent activity for glucokinase, pharmaceutical compositions having the same as an active ingredient, and a method of using the same as an active ingredient for lowering blood glucose level: in which the substituents are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new indole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole compounds as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Disclosed is a firearm having dual barrels comprising a firearm body which is equipped with a small caliber barrel and a large caliber barrel; a selector installed on one side of the firearm body to select the type of bullet and the mode of firing; a fire control system installed on the firearm body to enable aiming the target through detecting the target both at day and night time; a firearm switch unit installed on the firearm body to transmit the information on the firing of the bullet; a fuse setter installed on the firearm body to transmit the control signal of the fire control system to the fuse of the explosive bullet which is introduced into the large caliber barrel; and a sensor device unit installed on the firearm body to transmit the position of the selector and sensed firing signal to the fire control system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new indole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole compounds as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Disclosed are new compounds of formula (1) exhibiting excellent activity for glucokinase, pharmaceutical compositions having the same as an active ingredient, and a method of using the same as an active ingredient for lowering blood glucose level: in which the substituents are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new compounds of formula (1) exhibiting excellent activity for glucokinase, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new indole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole compounds as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to indole or indazole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole or indazole compounds as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A method for use in manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a photoresist pattern on a substrate, performing first etching process in which an initial trench is formed using the photoresist pattern as a mask, and performing second distinct etching process to enlarge the initial trench. Thus, the initial trench can be formed using the photoresist pattern having a stable structure. Thereafter, the trench is enlarged using an etching solution having a composition based on the material in which the initial trench is formed, e.g., silicon substrate or an insulation film. Therefore, a metal wiring, an isolation film or a contact can be formed in the enlarged trench to desired dimensions.

Abstract: A method for use in manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a photoresist pattern on a substrate, performing first etching process in which an initial trench is formed using the photoresist pattern as a mask, and performing second distinct etching process to enlarge the initial trench. Thus, the initial trench can be formed using the photoresist pattern having a stable structure. Thereafter, the trench is enlarged using an etching solution having a composition based on the material in which the initial trench is formed, e.g., a silicon substrate or an insulation film. Therefore, a metal wiring, an isolation film or a contact can be formed in the enlarged trench to desired dimensions.

Abstract: A method of chemical mechanical polishing that polishes a substrate by abrading a target material formed on the substrate with a polishing pad containing a slurry includes setting a polishing end time, at which time a predetermined thickness of the target material will have been removed from the substrate by polishing, polishing the substrate to remove the predetermined thickness of the target material, and increasing a level of byproduct contamination in the polishing pad to decrease a polishing rate, while polishing the substrate, so that the polishing rate decreases to approximately zero at the polishing end time.

Abstract: There is provided a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus, which may include a polishing table rotated by a polishing table motor and having a pad thereon, a carrier head located above the polishing table to be rotatable by the driving of a carrier head motor and having a wafer located under the bottom thereof, a slurry supplier for supplying a slurry to the upper portion of the polishing table, a first polishing end point detector for detecting a polishing end point through the temperature change of the temperature sensor, at least one temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a polishing region (the wafer, the pad, and the slurry), and a second polishing end point detector for detecting a polishing end point from the changes of load current, voltage, and resistance of the carrier head motor.