Abstract: A combustion method for controlling and monitoring exhaust gas emissions in boilers is provided. The combustion method comprises the following steps: providing a liquid fuel in a boiler, burning the liquid fuel under atmospheric pressure; measuring a first combustion temperature in the boiler, and monitoring an initial concentration of a first exhaust gas in the boiler; adding a combustion improver to the boiler in batches and monitoring an emission concentration of the first exhaust gas in the boiler, wherein the emission concentration is less than the initial concentration; and repeating the above steps, and monitoring the boiler until a second combustion gas is generated, stop adding the combustion improver, and measuring the temperature in the boiler as a second combustion temperature, and reducing the amount of the combustion improver to avoid the generation of the second exhaust gas.

Abstract: Artificial neuromorphic circuit includes synapse and post-neuron circuits. Synapse circuit includes phase change element and receives first and second pulse signals. Post-neuron circuit includes input, output and integration terminals. Integration terminal is charged to membrane potential according to first pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit further includes first and second control circuits, and first and second delay circuits. First control circuit generates firing signal at output terminal based on membrane potential. Second control circuit generates first control signal based on firing signal. First delay circuit delays firing signal to generate second control signal. Second delay circuit delays second control signal to generate third control signal.

Abstract: Artificial neuromorphic circuit includes synapse and post-neuron circuits. Synapse circuit includes phase change element, first switch having at least three terminals, and second switch. Phase change element includes first and second terminals. First switch includes first, second and control terminals. Second switch includes first, second and control terminals. First switch is configured to receive first pulse signal. Second switch is coupled to phase change element and first switch, and is configured to receive second pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit includes capacitor and input terminal. Input terminal of post-neuron circuit charges capacitor in response to first pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit generates firing signal based on voltage level of capacitor and threshold voltage. Post-neuron circuit generates control signal based on firing signal. Control signal controls turning on of second switch.

Abstract: Artificial neuromorphic circuit includes synapse circuit and post-neuron circuit. Synapse circuit includes phase change element, first switch, and second switch. First switch is coupled to phase change element, and is configured to receive first pulse signal. Second switch is coupled to phase change element. Input terminal of post-neuron circuit is coupled to switch circuit, and input terminal is coupled to phase change element. Input terminal charges capacitor through switch circuit in response to first pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit is configured to generate firing signal based on voltage level at input terminal and threshold voltage, and is further configured to generate first control signal and second control signal based on firing signal. Post-neuron circuit turns off switch circuit according to first control signal. Second control signal is configured to cooperate with second pulse signal to control second switch so as to control a state of phase change element.

Abstract: Artificial neuromorphic circuit includes synapse circuit and post-neuron circuit. Synapse circuit includes phase change element, first switch, and second switch. Phase change element includes first terminal and second terminal. First switch includes first terminal and second terminal. Second switch includes first terminal, second terminal, and control terminal. First switch is configured to receive first pulse signal. Second switch is coupled to phase change element and first switch. Second switch is configured to receive second pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit includes capacitor and input terminal. Input terminal of post-neuron circuit charges capacitor in response to first pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit generates firing signal based on voltage level of capacitor and threshold voltage. Post-neuron circuit generates control signal based on firing signal. Control signal controls turning on of second switch.

Abstract: A mixed mode memory comprises a memory array, a word line decoder, an intermediary circuit and a reading and writing circuit, wherein the word line decoder is electrically coupled to the memory array, and the intermediary circuit is electrically coupled to the memory array and the writing circuit. The memory array comprises mixed mode memory cells with each cell comprising a reading and writing component group, a storage circuit and a selection circuit. The reading and writing component group is electrically coupled to a word line which controls the reading and writing component group to be conducted or not conducted, and electrically coupled to two bit lines which respectively transmit two data signals. The storage circuit generates two reading response signals based on a reading drive signal. The selection circuit controls the storage circuit to operate in a volatile or non-volatile storage mode based on a selection voltage.

Abstract: Artificial neuromorphic circuit includes synapse circuit and post-neuron circuit. Synapse circuit includes phase change element, first switch, and second switch. First switch is coupled to phase change element, and is configured to receive first pulse signal. Second switch is coupled to phase change element. Input terminal of post-neuron circuit is coupled to switch circuit, and input terminal is coupled to phase change element. Input terminal charges capacitor through switch circuit in response to first pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit is configured to generate firing signal based on voltage level at input terminal and threshold voltage, and is further configured to generate first control signal and second control signal based on firing signal. Post-neuron circuit turns off switch circuit according to first control signal. Second control signal is configured to cooperate with second pulse signal to control second switch so as to control a state of phase change element.

Abstract: Artificial neuromorphic circuit includes synapse and post-neuron circuits. Synapse circuit includes phase change element, first switch having at least three terminals, and second switch. Phase change element includes first and second terminals. First switch includes first, second and control terminals. Second switch includes first, second and control terminals. First switch is configured to receive first pulse signal. Second switch is coupled to phase change element and first switch, and is configured to receive second pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit includes capacitor and input terminal. Input terminal of post-neuron circuit charges capacitor in response to first pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit generates firing signal based on voltage level of capacitor and threshold voltage. Post-neuron circuit generates control signal based on firing signal. Control signal controls turning on of second switch.

Abstract: Artificial neuromorphic circuit includes synapse circuit and post-neuron circuit. Synapse circuit includes phase change element, first switch, and second switch. Phase change element includes first terminal and second terminal. First switch includes first terminal and second terminal. Second switch includes first terminal, second terminal, and control terminal. First switch is configured to receive first pulse signal. Second switch is coupled to phase change element and first switch. Second switch is configured to receive second pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit includes capacitor and input terminal. Input terminal of post-neuron circuit charges capacitor in response to first pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit generates firing signal based on voltage level of capacitor and threshold voltage. Post-neuron circuit generates control signal based on firing signal. Control signal controls turning on of second switch.

Abstract: Artificial neuromorphic circuit includes synapse and post-neuron circuits. Synapse circuit includes phase change element and receives first and second pulse signals. Post-neuron circuit includes input, output and integration terminals. Integration terminal is charged to membrane potential according to first pulse signal. Post-neuron circuit further includes first and second control circuits, and first and second delay circuits. First control circuit generates firing signal at output terminal based on membrane potential. Second control circuit generates first control signal based on firing signal. First delay circuit delays firing signal to generate second control signal. Second delay circuit delays second control signal to generate third control signal.

Abstract: A mixed mode memory comprises a memory array, a word line decoder, an intermediary circuit and a reading and writing circuit, wherein the word line decoder is electrically coupled to the memory array, and the intermediary circuit is electrically coupled to the memory array and the writing circuit. The memory array comprises mixed mode memory cells with each cell comprising a reading and writing component group, a storage circuit and a selection circuit. The reading and writing component group is electrically coupled to a word line which controls the reading and writing component group to be conducted or not conducted, and electrically coupled to two bit lines which respectively transmit two data signals. The storage circuit generates two reading response signals based on a reading drive signal. The selection circuit controls the storage circuit to operate in a volatile or non-volatile storage mode based on a selection voltage.

Abstract: A mixed mode memory cell comprises a reading and writing component group, a storage circuit and a selection circuit. The reading and writing component group is electrically coupled to a word line and two bit lines, wherein the two bit lines respectively transmit two data signals. The storage circuit is electrically coupled to the reading and writing component group. The selection circuit is electrically coupled to the reading and writing component group and the storage circuit, and configured to control the storage circuit to operate in a volatile storage mode or a non-volatile storage mode based on a selection voltage.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions of treating Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) based on administering an mRNA encoding a frataxin protein.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions of treating Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) based on administering an mRNA encoding a frataxin protein.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions of treating Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) based on administering an mRNA encoding a frataxin protein.

Abstract: A data storage system with quorum-based commits sometimes experiences replica failure, due to unavailability of a replica-hosting node, for example. Described herein are methods and systems for improving data persistence and availability in a distributed data store where data is stored in a plurality of shards and a given shard is replicated across a plurality of nodes so as to create a plurality of replicas, and a quorum of replicas is needed for access to the given shard. Among other things, the methods and systems generally involve determining whether to quarantine or delete unavailable replicas in a given shard, and how to handle purge requests related to the shard when there are quarantined replicas.

Abstract: A data storage system with quorum-based commits sometimes experiences replica failure, due to unavailability of a replica-hosting node, for example. In embodiments described herein, such failed replicas can be quarantined rather than deleted, and subsequently such quarantines can be recovered. The teachings hereof provide data storage with improved fault-tolerance, resiliency, and data availability.

Abstract: A display method including the following steps is provided. In a first frame, a first image is displayed by a plurality of first regions of a display area of a display apparatus, and a dark image is displayed by a plurality of second regions of the display area of the display apparatus at the same time. The display area has a plurality of pixels arranged as an array. Each first region and each second region respectively includes at least one of the pixels, and the first regions and the second regions are uniformly distributed in the display area, respectively. In a second frame immediately after the first frame, the dark image is displayed by the first regions, and a second image is displayed by the second regions at the same time. The first image and the second image construct a three-dimensional (3D) image.

Abstract: A method of trace-position including following steps is provided. A tracing message is transferred to a second electronic device having a positioning function from a first electronic device, wherein the tracing message has a verifying code. The verifying code is verified by the second electronic device. The second electronic device enables the positioning function to generate positioned information and transfer the positioned information to the first electronic device if the verifying code is correct. Furthermore, the positioning function is disabled if the verifying code is incorrect. In addition, a system of trace-position is provided.

Abstract: A bicycle rack is provided, which is portable and space saving, and easy for assembling and disassembling. The bicycle rack includes a plurality of tubular members and a plurality of connecting members. The tubular members are shaped in straight, L-shaped and U-shaped tubes. The ends of the tubular member are provided with elastic button clips. The connecting members are shaped in L-shaped, T-shaped, three-headed and four-headed tubes, wherein each end of the connecting members is provided with a plurality of apertures corresponding to the elastic button clips. The elastic button clip of the tubular member is coupled with the aperture of the connecting member, thereby providing the bicycle rack with a plurality of interlaced holding spaces for bicycles.