Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a planar optical waveguide and an optical module. A planar optical waveguide according to the present disclosure includes a core and dads provided at an upper portion and a lower portion of the core, respectively, and an end of an upper clad facing a light source is polished to form a first refractive surface inclined at a first angle to refract a light emitted to the upper portion of the core and guide the light to the core. The refractive surfaces are formed at the upper clad and the lower clad of the planar optical waveguide in consideration of beam characteristics of the light source to reduce optical coupling loss without a separate optical waveguide lens.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a planar optical waveguide and an optical module. A planar optical waveguide according to the present disclosure includes a core and dads provided at an upper portion and a lower portion of the core, respectively, and an end of an upper clad facing a light source is polished to form a first refractive surface inclined at a first angle to refract a light emitted to the upper portion of the core and guide the light to the core. The refractive surfaces are formed at the upper clad and the lower clad of the planar optical waveguide in consideration of beam characteristics of the light source to reduce optical coupling loss without a separate optical waveguide lens.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and a method for one-time password (OTP)-based authentication. The system for OTP-based authentication includes a transceiver module configured to receive an authentication request from a client and transmit a result of the authentication according to the authentication request to the client, an authentication accumulation management module configured to provide statistical information about authentication success of the client for each time interval within a predetermined effective range of time, an OTP generation module configured to generate a server-side OTP using previously stored authentication information and time information that is acquired from the statistical information about authentication success, and an authentication module configured to authenticate the client by comparing a client-side OTP included in the authentication request with the server-side OTP.

Abstract: Disclosed are a global server load balancer (GSLB) apparatus and a method for dynamically controlling cache time-to-live (TTL) in the GSLB apparatus. The GSLB apparatus which performs load balancing among a plurality of local servers includes a domain name system (DNS) query processor that receives a query message from a DNS server, a server selector that selects a local server among the plurality of local servers based on the received query message, a load calculator that collects state information of the GSLB apparatus, and calculates a load of the GSLB apparatus from the collected state information, and a TTL controller that updates a TTL of the GSLB apparatus based on the calculated load.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments disclose a method of projecting an image onto a surface of a three-dimensional (3D) electronic map. The method includes: extracting nearest intersecting points for each of a plurality of virtual view angle vectors with respect to a position of a virtual photographing apparatus and a plurality of polygons that constitute the 3D electronic map; comparing 3D coordinates of the extracted nearest intersecting points and 3D coordinates of a plurality of pixels constituting the plurality of polygons to select pixels that are within a range of the 3D coordinates of the extracted nearest intersecting points; converting 3D coordinates of the selected pixels to two-dimensional (2D) coordinates to display the selected pixels on a 2D display; and superimposing an input image on top of the selected pixels to output the superimposed image in real-time.

Abstract: Disclosed are a global server load balancer (GSLB) apparatus and a method for dynamically controlling cache time-to-live (TTL) in the GSLB apparatus. The GSLB apparatus which performs load balancing among a plurality of local servers includes a domain name system (DNS) query processor that receives a query message from a DNS server, a server selector that selects a local server among the plurality of local servers based on the received query message, a load calculator that collects state information of the GSLB apparatus, and calculates a load of the GSLB apparatus from the collected state information, and a TTL controller that updates a TTL of the GSLB apparatus based on the calculated load.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and a method for one-time password (OTP)-based authentication. The system for OTP-based authentication includes a transceiver module configured to receive an authentication request from a client and transmit a result of the authentication according to the authentication request to the client, an authentication accumulation management module configured to provide statistical information about authentication success of the client for each time interval within a predetermined effective range of time, an OTP generation module configured to generate a server-side OTP using previously stored authentication information and time information that is acquired from the statistical information about authentication success, and an authentication module configured to authenticate the client by comparing a client-side OTP included in the authentication request with the server-side OTP.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for determining whether to change resources using pattern information. The apparatus includes a reception unit which receives resource information which is information about an amount of resources used of a plurality of servers which exist in a data center which provides resources to a user, a basic data generation unit which generates basic data about predetermined items in preset time units using the resource information, a pattern information generation unit which generates pattern information using the basic data, and a resource change determination unit which determines whether to increase, maintain, or reduce the resources using the generated pattern information.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments disclose a method of projecting an image onto a surface of a three-dimensional (3D) electronic map. The method includes: extracting nearest intersecting points for each of a plurality of virtual view angle vectors with respect to a position of a virtual photographing apparatus and a plurality of polygons that constitute the 3D electronic map; comparing 3D coordinates of the extracted nearest intersecting points and 3D coordinates of a plurality of pixels constituting the plurality of polygons to select pixels that are within a range of the 3D coordinates of the extracted nearest intersecting points; converting 3D coordinates of the selected pixels to two-dimensional (2D) coordinates to display the selected pixels on a 2D display; and superimposing an input image on top of the selected pixels to output the superimposed image in real-time.