Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image and a sound generating device on a rear surface of the display panel. The sound generating device is configured to vibrate the display panel to generate sound. The sound generating device includes a first structure and a first passivation layer on one side of the first structure, at least a portion of the first passivation layer having a non-flat shape.

Abstract: A flexible vibration module is disclosed. The flexible vibration module includes a piezoelectric composite layer, including: a plurality of piezoelectric portions each having a piezoelectric characteristic, where at least two of the plurality of piezoelectric portions have different sizes; and a flexible portion between the plurality of piezoelectric portions.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image and a plurality of vibration generating devices on a rear surface of the display panel, the display panel being at least one of a vibration plate configured to output sound and a vibration plate configured to output a haptic vibration. Each of the plurality of vibration generating devices includes a first electrode under the display panel, a piezoelectric member under the first electrode, a damping member in a periphery the piezoelectric member, and a second electrode under the piezoelectric member.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a plurality of first electrodes which extends in a first direction. The touch panel further includes an electroactive layer which is disposed on the plurality of first electrodes and is formed of an electroactive material. The touch panel further includes a plurality of second electrodes which is disposed on the electroactive layer and extends in a second direction which is different from the first direction. The touch panel further includes an insulating layer which is disposed to cover the electroactive layer and the plurality of second electrodes. The touch panel further includes a plurality of third electrodes which is disposed on the insulating layer and extends in the second direction.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a back cover accommodating the display panel, and a sound output unit including at least one sound output module disposed to overlap the display panel. The at least one sound output module includes a support plate including an uneven surface and a piezoelectric element attached on the uneven surface of the support plate and has a shape corresponding to the uneven surface of the support plate. Accordingly, a sound having a straight characteristic within an audible frequency domain may be output, thereby enhancing a sense of reality and an immersion of a viewer watching an image displayed by the display apparatus.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a flexible vibration module and a method of manufacturing the flexible vibration module are provided. A display apparatus includes: a display panel configured to display an image, and a flexible vibration module on a rear surface of the display panel, the flexible vibration module configured to vibrate the display panel, the flexible vibration module including: a plurality of first portions having a piezoelectric characteristic, and a plurality of second portions respectively between pairs of the plurality of first portions, the plurality of second portions having flexibility.

Abstract: A display device to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a display panel including an active area having a bending area, a first touch sensitive element which overlaps the active area of the display panel and includes a first electroactive layer, a bending member which is disposed below the display panel and overlaps at least the bending area, and a second touch sensitive element including a second electroactive layer which covers the bending member. Therefore, in the bending area where the stress due to the bending is concentrated, the lifespan and the driving stability of the first touch sensitive element and the second touch sensitive element may be improved.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element comprising a compound represented by Formula 1, a piezoelectric device including the piezoelectric element, a vibration module including the piezoelectric device, and a display apparatus including the piezoelectric device are provided, where (1-x)(LizNa0.5-zK0.5)(Nb1-ySby)O3.xCaZrO3??[Formula 1] where x, y, and z have a range of 0.001?x?0.2, a range of 0?y?0.5, and a range of 0?z?0.2, respectively.

Abstract: A piezoelectric panel speaker and an electronic apparatus including the same are disclosed. The piezoelectric panel speaker may include a piezoelectric panel including at least one hole and configured to vibrate, and a fingerprint sensor accommodated into the one hole and configured to sense biometric information.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a flexible vibration module and a method of manufacturing the flexible vibration module are provided. A display apparatus includes: a display panel configured to display an image, and a flexible vibration module on a rear surface of the display panel, the flexible vibration module configured to vibrate the display panel, the flexible vibration module including: a plurality of first portions having a piezoelectric characteristic, and a plurality of second portions respectively between pairs of the plurality of first portions, the plurality of second portions having flexibility.

Abstract: Provided are a touch sensitive device and a display device including the touch sensitive device. The touch sensitive device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes an electro-active layer formed of polyphosphazene substituted with an aryloxy group at a phosphorus atom in the backbone of the polyphosphazene, and electrodes disposed on at least one surface of the electro-active layer. The touch sensitive device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has an excellent intensity of vibrations due to characteristics of the polyphosphazene including the substituted aryloxy group and is flame retardant and non-toxic.

Abstract: A flexible vibration module is disclosed. The flexible vibration module includes a piezoelectric composite layer, including: a plurality of piezoelectric portions each having a piezoelectric characteristic, where at least two of the plurality of piezoelectric portions have different sizes; and a flexible portion between the plurality of piezoelectric portions.

Abstract: A piezoelectric panel speaker and an electronic apparatus including the same are disclosed. The piezoelectric panel speaker may include a piezoelectric panel including at least one hole and configured to vibrate, and a fingerprint sensor accommodated into the one hole and configured to sense biometric information.

Abstract: A vibration generating device includes an electroactive layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and including an unevenness structure; and a first electrode and a second electrode on at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the electroactive layer, wherein one or more of the first electrode and the second electrode covers an entire surface of at least one or more of the first surface and the second surface of the electroactive layer including the unevenness structure.

Abstract: A display device includes a touch panel; a display panel under the touch panel and displaying an image; a piezoelectric element under the touch panel and including an upper electrode, a lower electrode and a piezoelectric layer; and a rectifying circuit connected to the piezoelectric element.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a vibration generation device, a display apparatus including the vibration generation device, and a vehicle including the vibration generation device. A vibration generation device includes a piezoelectric ceramic part having a certain interval, a piezoelectric material layer between the piezoelectric ceramic parts, and an electrode part configured to provide electric field to one or more of the piezoelectric ceramic part and the piezoelectric material layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image and a plurality of vibration generating devices on a rear surface of the display panel, the display panel being at least one of a vibration plate configured to output sound and a vibration plate configured to output a haptic vibration. Each of the plurality of vibration generating devices includes a first electrode under the display panel, a piezoelectric member under the first electrode, a damping member in a periphery the piezoelectric member, and a second electrode under the piezoelectric member.

Abstract: A vibration generating device includes a first piezoelectric device including at least one slit, a first electrode on a first surface of the first piezoelectric device, and a second electrode on a second surface opposite to the first surface of the first piezoelectric device.

Abstract: Discussed are a film speaker and a display device. The film speaker includes an electroactive layer including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and further including a plurality of concave portions; and a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on at least one of the first surface and the second surface. Therefore, the sound generated in the film speaker may be further amplified and the sound pressure level may be improved.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel including configured to display an image and a sound generating device on a rear surface of the display panel, the sound generating device being configured to vibrate the display panel to generate sound. The sound generating device includes a first structure and a second structure over or under the first structure, the second structure including a first part having a piezoelectric characteristic and a second part between adjacent first parts to have flexibility.