Abstract: A method for predicting clinical severity of a neurological disorder includes steps of: a) identifying, according to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image of a brain, brain image regions each of which contains a respective portion of diffusion index values of a diffusion index, which results from image processing performed on the MRI image; b) for one of the brain image regions, calculating a characteristic parameter based on the respective portion of the diffusion index values; and c) calculating a severity score that represents the clinical severity of the neurological disorder of the brain based on the characteristic parameter of the one of the brain image regions via a prediction model associated with the neurological disorder.

Abstract: A cleaning device for cleaning particles from a tool includes a nozzle structure having a spray opening to spray a cleaning liquid in a first direction to the tool, a cleaning pad disposed around the nozzle structure, and a support disposed around the cleaning pad. The cleaning pad exposes the spray opening and includes a front surface facing in the first direction to clean the tool. The support includes multiple gas openings to blow a pressurized gas in the first direction to the tool, and multiple vacuum openings to suck residual gas, liquid and particles around the tool. An air wall around the tool is thus generated by a combination of operations performed by the multiple gas openings and the multiple vacuum openings to reduce or prevent contamination that might be caused by the cleaning device in the chamber.

Abstract: An engineering change order (ECO) modifying an IC having spare cell instances is implemented by converting active cell instances implementing portions of the IC to be deleted into additional spare cell instances, by creating a technology independent behavioral model of portions of the IC to be added, by selecting spare cell instances to implement the behavior model, and by routing nets to the selected spare cell instances in a way that minimizes a number of metal layers of the IC that are modified.

Abstract: An engineering change order (ECO) modifying an IC having spare cell instances is implemented by converting active cell instances implementing portions of the IC to be deleted into additional spare cell instances, by creating a technology independent behavioral model of portions of the IC to be added, by selecting spare cell instances to implement the behavior model, and by routing nets to the selected spare cell instances in a way that minimizes a number of metal layers of the IC that are modified.