Abstract: Provided are an imaging encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameter.

Abstract: Provided are an imaging encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameter.

Abstract: Provided are a process for preparing (3R,4R)-1-benzyl-N,4-dimethylpiperidin-3-amine or a salt thereof, which is an intermediate useful for the preparation of tofacitinib, an intermediate used in the process, i.e., isopropanol solvate of methyl ((3R,4R)-1-benzyl-4-methylpiperidin-3-yl)carbamate dibenzoyl-L-tartrate, an intermediate, having excellent stability, useful for the preparation of tofacitinib, i.e., (3R,4R)-1-benzyl-N,4-dimethylpiperidin-3-amine acetate, and a process for preparing tofacitinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to semiconductor memory devices. An example semiconductor memory device comprises a substrate, a structure including word lines and interlayer insulating films alternately stacked on the substrate, a channel region disposed between two adjacent word lines in a vertical direction, a first source/drain region disposed on a first side of the channel region, a second source/drain region disposed on a second side of the channel region, a bit line which extends in the vertical direction on the substrate and is connected to the first source/drain region, a capping insulating film disposed between the bit line and the word lines, and a data storage connected to the second source/drain region. At least a part of the first source/drain region protrudes from a sidewall of the capping insulating film toward the bit line.

Abstract: Disclosed decoding method of the intra prediction mode comprises the steps of: determining whether an intra prediction mode of a present prediction unit is the same as a first candidate intra prediction mode or as a second candidate intra prediction mode on the basis of 1-bit information; and determining, among said first candidate intra prediction mode and said second candidate intra prediction mode, which candidate intra prediction mode is the same as the intra prediction mode of said present prediction unit on the basis of additional 1-bit information, if the intra prediction mode of the present prediction unit is the same as at least either the first candidate intra prediction mode or the second candidate intra prediction mode, and decoding the intra prediction mode of the present prediction unit.

Abstract: An inter prediction method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: selecting candidate units from among reconstructed neighbor units; creating a candidate unit set with respect to units to be decoded, using the selected candidate units; determining a reference unit from among the candidate units which constitute the created candidate unit set; and performing inter prediction on the units to be decoded, using the determined reference unit. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: An intra prediction method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: performing a directional prediction using at least one of a neighboring pixel of a current block and a left upper corner pixel positioned at a left upper corner of the current block so as to obtain a first prediction value for the current block; obtaining a second prediction value for the current block using the reference sample positioned in the current block; and weighted summing the first prediction value and the second prediction value using a weighting matrix so as to obtain a final prediction value for the current block. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency may be improved.

Abstract: There is provided a display device including a display panel including first panel pads arranged along a plurality of rows, each of the rows extending in a first direction in a plan view, wires extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, each of the wires including a first bonding portion attached to a corresponding one of the first panel pads, and a first circuit board including first pads connected to the wires. The first panel pads in a first row of the plurality of rows in a plan view are exposed in the second direction crossing the first direction between the first panel pads in a second row neighboring to the first row of the plurality of rows.

Abstract: Provided are an image encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameters.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles using carbon monoxide, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles, the method of which a simple and fast one-pot reaction enables particle manufacturing to reduce process costs, facilitate scale-up, change various types of core and shell metals, and form a multi-layered shell by including the steps of adsorbing carbon monoxide on a transition metal for a core, and reacting carbon monoxide adsorbed on the surface of the transition metal for the core, a metal precursor for a shell, and a solvent to form particles with a core-shell structure having a reduced metal shell layer formed on a transition metal core.

Abstract: Provided are an image encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameters.

Abstract: Provided is a method for performing intra-prediction, using an adaptive filter. The method for performing intra-prediction includes the steps of: determining whether or not to apply a first filter for a reference pixel value on the basis of information of a neighboring block of a current block; applying the first filter for the reference pixel value when it is determined to apply to the first filter; performing intra-prediction on the current block on the basis of the reference pixel value; determining whether or not to apply a second filter for a prediction value according to each prediction mode of the current block, which is predicted by the intra-prediction performance on the basis of the information of the neighboring blocks; and applying the second filter for the prediction value according to each prediction mode of the current block when it is determined to apply to the second filter.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to modified guide RNAs having improved in vitro and in vivo activity in gene editing methods. This disclosure also relates to N. meningitidis Cas9 (NmeCas9) gene editing systems with modified guide RNAs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a natural gas liquefaction process using a single refrigeration cycle adopting a mixed refrigerant, and therefore having a simple structure and thus a compact system which is easy to operate, and further, after the mixed refrigerant is separated into two refrigerant parts, the two refrigerant parts are not mixed with each other but go through condensing (cooling), expanding, heat-exchanging, and compressing stages individually, and thus, optimal temperature and pressure conditions are applied to each of the separated refrigerant parts to increase efficiency of the liquefaction process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a natural gas liquefaction process using a single refrigeration cycle adopting a mixed refrigerant, and therefore having a simple structure and thus a compact system which is easy to operate, and further, after the mixed refrigerant is separated into two refrigerant parts, the two refrigerant parts are not mixed with each other but go through condensing (cooling), expanding, heat-exchanging, and compressing stages individually, and thus, optimal temperature and pressure conditions are applied to each of the separated refrigerant parts to increase efficiency of the liquefaction process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing activated lymphocytes, which comprises isolating lymphocytes from peripheral blood and proliferating and activating the isolated lymphocytes in vitro. According to the disclosed method, highly effective toxic cells can be prepared in large amounts by culturing human peripheral lymphocytes in the presence of an anti-CD3 antibody, IFN-? and IL-2. The activated lymphocytes proliferated according to the disclosed preparation method comprise both CD3-CD56+ (natural killer cell marker) cells that are the main components of LAK cells, and CD3+CD56+ cells that are the main components of CIK cells, and can be cultured in large amounts. Thus, the lymphocyte cells can show a significantly higher anticancer effect compared to when the LAK cells and the CIK cells are used alone.

Abstract: A controlled release preparation of insulin and its method are provided. The controlled release preparation of insulin contains microparticles obtained by microencapsulation of uniform microcystals of insulin using biodegradable polymeric materials. Since the denaturation of insulin that may occur during microencapsulation is reduced, the stability of the preparation can be increased. Also, the ratio of insulin to a polymer carrier is increased, which is suitable for pulmonary delivery. Further, the controlled release preparation of insulin can continuously exhibit pharmaceutical efficacy in vivo in a stable manner for an extended period of time.

Abstract: A controlled release preparation of insulin and its method are provided. The controlled release preparation of insulin contains microparticles obtained by microencapsulation of uniform microcystals of insulin using biodegradable polymeric materials. Since the denaturation of insulin that may occur during microencapsulation is reduced, the stability of the preparation can be increased. Also, the ratio of insulin to a polymer carrier is increased, which is suitable for pulmonary delivery. Further, the controlled release preparation of insulin can continuously exhibit pharmaceutical efficacy in vivo in a stable manner for an extended period of time.

Abstract: The, present invention relates to a novel allylthiopyridazine derivative represented by formula (I) which exhibits a superior effect for prevention and treatment or hepatic diseases induced by toxic substances and for protection of human tissues from radiation: ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in which R.sub.1 represents halogen atom, lower alkoxy, dialkylaminoalkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy, phenoxy substituted or unsubstituted with lower alkyl, benzyloxy, or phenyl, andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 independently of one another represent hydrogen or lower alkyl, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together with carbon atom to which they are attached can form a saturated or unsaturated 6-membered ring,provided that R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are other than hydrogen when R.sub.1 is chloro; and to a process for preparing thereof and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same as an effective component.