Abstract: A clock and data recovery device includes an equalizer that compensates for channel loss of input data, a phase detector that compares a data output from the equalizer with a clock fed back and outputs an up signal and a down signal, a charge pump that operates according to the up signal and the down signal and outputs a control signal, a loop filter that removes high-frequency components included in the control signal, a voltage controlled oscillator that changes a frequency of the clock and outputs a clock with changed frequency, and a data phase adjuster that synchronizes the clock output from the voltage controlled oscillator and the data output from the equalizer by adjusting a phase of the data output from the equalizer by receiving the up signal and the down signal output from the phase detector.

Abstract: This invention describes a system that allows a user to enter domain names in any language of the user's preference by automatically converting them into the corresponding real domain names in English that comply with the Domain Name System. The system incorporates two conversion methods. The first method is to convert the coded portions of a domain name such as organization code and country code. In this method, each coded portion in English is pre-assigned an equivalent word or code in the user's preferred language, and the equivalent word or code entered in the user's preferred language is converted into the corresponding real coded portion in English. The second method is to convert the remaining portions of a domain name such as organization name and server computer name.