Abstract: A liquid crystal device, a precursor composition, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, an apparatus of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, and use of the liquid crystal device are provided. A device capable of being driven at a low driving voltage can be provided. The device can be realized so that the device can be driven in a normally transparent mode or a normally black mode. Also, the device has other excellent characteristics such as a contrast ratio. Such a liquid crystal device can be applied to various light modulation devices such as smart windows, window-protecting films, flexible display devices, active retarders for displaying 3D images, or viewing angle-adjusting films.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal cell, a method for preparing a liquid crystal cell and a display device. An exemplary liquid crystal cell may be applied to various types of display devices so as to control a viewing angle or light transmittance of the display device.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid crystal cell, a method for preparing a liquid crystal cell and a display device. An exemplary liquid crystal cell may be applied to various types of display devices so as to control a viewing angle or light transmittance of the display device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell, a precursor of the liquid crystal layer, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, and use of the liquid crystal cell are provided. The liquid crystal cell may be manufactured simply in a consecutive manner using a roll-to-roll process. Also, the liquid crystal cell may be realized as a flexible device, and have an excellent contrast ratio. Such a liquid crystal cell can be applied in various applications including smart windows, window-protecting films, flexible display devices, active retarders for displaying 3D images, or viewing angle-adjusting films.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a method for manufacturing an insulated conductive pattern, wherein a conductive film and an insulation layer pattern are formed on a substrate, and the insulation layer pattern is reformed to cover a conductive pattern after formation of the conductive pattern by etching the conductive film using the insulation layer pattern as a mask; and a laminate manufactured thereby. According to the present invention, the number of processes is sharply reduced in comparison with the existing processes, and economic efficiency can be greatly improved.