Abstract: A display apparatus is disclosed to improve low gray-scale image display and increase driving current. A light-emitting device and a pixel driving circuit electrically connected to the light-emitting device may be disposed in each pixel area. The pixel driving circuit may include a driving thin film transistor. A semiconductor pattern of the driving thin film transistor may include a first active region and a second active region parallel to the first active region. A first sub-gate of the driving thin film transistor may be disposed on a first active channel of the first active region and a second active channel of the second active region. The driving thin film transistor may include a second sub-gate between the semiconductor pattern and the first sub-gate. The second active region may include a portion disposed outside the second sub-gate.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a pixel driving circuit including a thin film transistor; and a light-emitting device electrically connected to the pixel driving circuit, wherein a gate of the thin film transistor includes a first sub-gate and a second sub-gate electrically connected to the first sub-gate, wherein the thin film transistor has a semiconductor pattern that includes a first sub-channel and a second sub-channel, which are disposed parallel to each other between a drain region and a source region, and wherein the second sub-gate overlapping the second sub-channel has a work-function greater than the first sub-gate overlapping the first sub-channel, thus increasing a driving current and improving reliability without decreasing a threshold voltage.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a plurality of pixel areas is provided. A pixel driving circuit electrically connected to a light-emitting device may be disposed in each pixel area. The pixel driving circuit may generate a driving current corresponding to a data signal according to a gate signal. For example, the pixel driving circuit may include a driving thin film transistor. The driving thin film transistor may include a driving semiconductor pattern and a driving gate electrode. The driving semiconductor pattern may include a first sub-channel and a second sub-channel, which are disposed parallel to each other between a drain region and a source region. The driving gate electrode may include a first sub-gate overlapping with the first sub-channel and a second sub-gate overlapping with the second sub-channel.

Abstract: An optical communication device includes a laser, a transmitter (Tx), a receiver (Rx) and a device controller. The laser is configured to generate an optical carrier. The transmitter is configured to generate an optical Tx signal using the optical carrier and to transmit the optical Tx signal to a peer optical communication device. The receiver is configured to receive an optical Rx signal from the peer optical communication device, and to down-convert the optical Rx signal using the optical carrier. The device controller is configured to adjust a frequency of the laser to reduce a Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) between the received optical Rx signal and the optical carrier generated by the laser, including conditionally applying to a frequency of the laser a series of frequency hops in accordance with a defined dithering sequence.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array substrate including a substrate including an active area and a non-active area, and a first thin film transistor disposed on the substrate while including a first oxide semiconductor pattern, a first gate electrode overlapping with the first oxide semiconductor pattern, a first gate insulating layer interposed between the first oxide semiconductor pattern and the first gate electrode, a first source electrode and a first drain electrode disposed on and connected to the first oxide semiconductor pattern, and a first light shielding pattern disposed under the first oxide semiconductor pattern and electrically connected to one of the first source electrode and the first drain electrodes. The first gate electrode includes a first portion maintaining a first parasitic capacitance and a second portion maintaining a second parasitic capacitance smaller than the first parasitic capacitance, together with the first oxide semiconductor pattern.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a display device including an oxide semiconductor pattern. The disclosure provides a driving thin film transistor and a switching thin film transistor using an oxide semiconductor pattern as an active layer. Each of the driving thin film transistor and the switching thin film transistor includes a light shielding pattern. The light shielding pattern includes a semiconductor material layer doped with P-type impurity ions. By virtue of the light shielding pattern including the semiconductor material layer, each of the driving thin film transistor and the switching thin film transistor exhibits an increase in threshold voltage and, as such, freedom of circuit design is secured.

Abstract: A display apparatus is provided. The display apparatus may include a light-emitting device and a pixel driving circuit electrically connected to the light-emitting device. The pixel driving circuit may supply a driving current corresponding to a data signal to the light-emitting device according to a gate signal. For example, the pixel driving circuit may include at least one thin film transistor. The thin film transistor may include an active pattern comprising an oxide semiconductor. A source region of the active pattern overlaps a source semiconductor pattern, and a drain region of the active pattern overlaps a drain semiconductor pattern. The source semiconductor pattern and the drain semiconductor pattern may include n-type impurities. A channel region of the active pattern may be outside the source semiconductor pattern and the drain semiconductor pattern. Thus, in the display apparatus, reliability of the pixel driving circuit may be improved.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an array substrate of a thin film transistor including an oxide semiconductor pattern, and a display device using the same. The thin film transistor array substrate includes a substrate including an active area and a non-active area disposed around the active area, and a first thin film transistor disposed on the substrate. The first thin film transistor includes a first oxide semiconductor pattern disposed on the substrate, a first gate electrode disposed under the first oxide semiconductor pattern while overlapping with the first oxide semiconductor pattern, a first source electrode and a first drain electrode disposed on the first oxide semiconductor pattern and connected to the first oxide semiconductor pattern, and a first light shielding pattern disposed over the first oxide semiconductor pattern and electrically connected to one of the first source electrode and the first drain electrode while overlapping with the first oxide semiconductor pattern.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a driving thin film transistor and a switching thin film transistor each using an oxide semiconductor pattern as an active layer thereof. The driving thin film transistor and the switching thin film transistor include light shielding patterns, respectively. Each light shielding pattern includes a semiconductor material layer doped with P-type impurity ions. By virtue of the light shielding patterns including the semiconductor material layer, the driving thin film transistor and the switching thin film transistor achieve an increase in threshold voltage, thereby securing freedom of design.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device including a substrate, a light emitting element on the substrate, and a driving thin film transistor supplying drive current to the light emitting element is disclosed. The driving thin film transistor includes a buffer layer on the substrate, a first polycrystalline silicon semiconductor layer on the buffer layer, a first oxide semiconductor layer contacting the first polycrystalline silicon semiconductor layer while being disposed thereon and including a first channel region, a first source region, and a first drain region, a gate insulating layer covering the first oxide semiconductor layer and the first polycrystalline silicon semiconductor layer, a first gate electrode disposed on the gate insulating layer, a first source electrode connected to the first source region, a first drain electrode connected to the first drain region, and a first light shielding layer disposed under the first oxide semiconductor layer while overlapping therewith.

Abstract: Disclosed is an oral pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating dry eye syndrome, which comprises rebamipide or a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as an active ingredient. The compounds can treat dry eye syndrome via oral route, and can be thus employed safely and conveniently compared to conventional eye drops.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel rebamipide prodrug, a method for preparing the same, and use thereof. Also, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the novel rebamipide prodrug as an active ingredient is provided. The rebamipide prodrug is increased 25-fold in absorption rate compared to rebamipide itself, and can be applied to the prophylaxis or therapy of gastric ulcer, acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, xerophthalmia, cancer, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or obesity.

Abstract: An ophthalmic composition is provided that includes rebamipide and a method for preparing the same. The ophthalmic composition of maintains its transparency for a long time even in a physiologically neutral to weakly basic pH range that does not injure the cornea and conjunctiva of a patient suffering from dry eye and has improved stability so as not to be re-dispersed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an immediate-release carvedilol formulation, which is configured such that a coating layer including a polymer, wax, fatty acid and/or fatty acid ester is formed on the surface thereof. This formulation has improved madescent, and thus can exhibit high stability, in which the initial appearance of the formulation can be maintained without cracking or breaking even under storage conditions at high relative humidity.

Abstract: An ophthalmic composition is provided that includes rebamipide and a method for preparing the same. The ophthalmic composition of maintains its transparency for a long time even in a physiologically neutral to weakly basic pH range that does not injure the cornea and conjunctiva of a patient suffering from dry eye and has improved stability so as not to be re-dispersed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an oral pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating dry eye syndrome, which comprises rebamipide or a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as an active ingredient. The compounds can treat dry eye syndrome via oral route, and can be thus employed safely and conveniently compared to conventional eye drops.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel rebamipide prodrug, a method for preparing the same, and use thereof. Also, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the novel rebamipide prodrug as an active ingredient is provided. The rebamipide prodrug is increased 25-fold in absorption rate compared to rebamipide itself, and can be applied to the prophylaxis or therapy of gastric ulcer, acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, xerophthalmia, cancer, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or obesity.