Abstract: A method of performing sensing for device-to-device (D2D) communication in a wireless communication system may include receiving, by a first user equipment (UE), sidelink control information (SCI) in slot m; determining a first exclusion candidate based on a reception power measurement value of a data channel corresponding to the SCI; determining slot m+Gap in which the same data as in the slot m is transmitted; determining a second exclusion candidate based on the slot m+Gap; excluding a resource in which the first and second exclusion candidates and a candidate to be sensed overlap from a resource to be sensed; and performing sensing on the resource to be sensed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a sidelink synchronization signal in a wireless communication system. A method of transmitting, by a first user equipment (UE), a sidelink synchronization signal to a second UE in a wireless communication system according to an example of the present disclosure may include determining values of NID(1) and NID(2) corresponding to a sidelink identifier (SLID) value based on a number of types of a physical layer sidelink synchronization identity set and a number of sequences included in each type of the physical layer sidelink synchronization identity set; generating a sidelink primary synchronization signal (PSS) sequence and a sidelink secondary synchronization signal (SSS) sequence based on a first primitive polynomial, a second primitive polynomial, and a cyclic shift (CS) value; and mapping, on physical resources, and thereby transmitting the sidelink PSS sequence and the sidelink SSS sequence.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing positioning reference signal are disclosed. A method may include receiving, by a narrow-band (NB) user equipment (UE), positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration information, determining, by the NB UE, narrowband PRS (NB PRS) configuration information for the NB UE, the NB PRS configuration information comprising information of an NB PRS reference cell that generates an NB PRS for the NB UE, determining, by the NB UE, PRS configuration information for a UE, the UE being assigned to use a frequency band unavailable for the NB UE, and the PRS configuration information comprising information of a PRS reference cell that generates a PRS for the UE, generating, based on the NB PRS configuration information and the PRS configuration information, a reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurement, and transmitting, by the NB UE, the RSTD measurement.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of processing a positioning reference signal are disclosed. In some embodiments, the method includes determining a narrow-band (NB) positioning reference signal (PRS) bitmap indicating a pattern selecting NB PRS subframes, wherein each NB PRS subframe comprises an NB PRS for positioning an NB user equipment (UE), transmitting, to the NB UE, NB PRS configuration information for the NB UE, the NB PRS configuration information comprising the NB PRS bitmap, determining, by a reference cell and based on the NB PRS bitmap, NB PRS subframes of the reference cell, mapping, by the reference cell, a first NB PRS in the NB PRS subframes of the reference cell, and receiving, from the NB UE and in response to the first NB PRS, a reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurement.

Abstract: A method of performing sidelink positioning in a wireless communication system according to an aspect of the present disclosure may include acquiring sidelink resource pool configuration information, acquiring sidelink positioning reference signal (SL PRS) configuration information, and transmitting an SL PRS based on SL PRS allocation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a capacitor module including: a capacitor; a first housing having a hexahedron shape and having an inner space in which the capacitor is disposed, the first housing including a pair of cooling parts recessed inwards from a pair of parallel surfaces among outer side surfaces thereof such that a refrigerant flows, a pair of cooling channels disposed inside opposite side surfaces perpendicular to the surfaces of the pair of cooling parts such that the pair of cooling parts communicate with each other, and a through-hole configured to connect each of the cooling channels to the outside such that the refrigerant is introduced or discharged therethrough; and a cooling plate coupled to the first housing so as to seal the cooling parts.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems described herein generally relate to a reference signal generation and mapping. For example, a method comprises determining a first set of antenna ports for a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) transmission; determining, based on the first set, a frequency index associated with four adjacent resource elements, wherein the four adjacent resource elements correspond to two adjacent symbols in a time axis and to two adjacent subcarriers in a frequency axis; generating, based on a first orthogonal cover code and a second orthogonal cover code, a DM-RS associated with the first set of antenna ports; and transmitting, via a mapping to the four adjacent resource elements, the DM-RS associated with the first set of antenna ports.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing positioning reference signal are disclosed. A method may include receiving, by a narrow-band (NB) user equipment (UE), positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration information, determining, by the NB UE, narrowband PRS (NB PRS) configuration information for the NB UE, the NB PRS configuration information comprising information of an NB PRS reference cell that generates an NB PRS for the NB UE, determining, by the NB UE, PRS configuration information for a UE, the UE being assigned to use a frequency band unavailable for the NB UE, and the PRS configuration information comprising information of a PRS reference cell that generates a PRS for the UE, generating, based on the NB PRS configuration information and the PRS configuration information, a reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurement, and transmitting, by the NB UE, the RSTD measurement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for supporting a device-to-device (D2D) communication between user equipments (UEs) are provided. The method includes: receiving, at a UE, configuration information associated with a D2D data transmission resource, the configuration information including information of a D2D data allocation period and being transmitted from an evolved NodeB (eNB); determining, at the UE, a D2D data transmission resource offset and a period associated with a D2D data transmission resource bitmap in each D2D data allocation period, the D2D data transmission resource bitmap including at least one bit corresponding to bit value “1”; and determining a pool of subframes corresponding to the bit value “1” of the D2D data transmission resource bitmap, the period associated with the D2D data transmission resource bitmap including the pool of subframes, the pool of subframes corresponding to D2D data transmission resources through which a D2D data transmission is capable.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a method and apparatus for transmitting a synchronization signal for Device-to-Device (D2D) communication in a wireless communication system. The method includes: receiving, at a first UE, a D2D synchronization signal transmitted from a second UE, the D2D synchronization signal comprising a primary D2D synchronization signal (PD2DSS) and a secondary D2D synchronization signal (SD2DSS); determining a root index based on the received PD2DSS; and determining a type of a synchronization source based on the root index. The root index corresponds to an integer value X when the type of synchronization source is associated with D2DSSue_net. The root index corresponds to an integer value Y when the type of synchronization source is associated with D2DSSue_oon. Each of the integer value X and integer value Y is not an element of a set {25, 29, 34}.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a capacitor module including: a capacitor; a first housing having a hexahedron shape and having an inner space in which the capacitor is disposed, the first housing including a pair of cooling parts recessed inwards from a pair of parallel surfaces among outer side surfaces thereof such that a refrigerant flows, a pair of cooling channels disposed inside opposite side surfaces perpendicular to the surfaces of the pair of cooling parts such that the pair of cooling parts communicate with each other, and a through-hole configured to connect each of the cooling channels to the outside such that the refrigerant is introduced or discharged therethrough; and a cooling plate coupled to the first housing so as to seal the cooling parts.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems described herein generally relate to a reference signal generation and mapping. For example, a method comprises determining a first set of antenna ports for a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) transmission; determining, based on the first set, a frequency index associated with four adjacent resource elements, wherein the four adjacent resource elements correspond to two adjacent symbols in a time axis and to two adjacent subcarriers in a frequency axis; generating, based on a first orthogonal cover code and a second orthogonal cover code, a DM-RS associated with the first set of antenna ports; and transmitting, via a mapping to the four adjacent resource elements, the DM-RS associated with the first set of antenna ports.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a method and apparatus for transmitting data through a device-to-device (D2D) communication between user equipments (UEs), the method including: generating, at a first UE, first D2D data, the first D2D data corresponding to a transport block (TB) unit; and transmitting, from the first UE to a second UE, the first D2D data through at least one D2D communication resource, the at least one D2D communication resource being based on a sub-RPT (sub-resource pattern for transmission). An RPT defined in a D2D resource pool is configured based on the sub-RPT, and the sub-RPT indicates the at least one D2D communication resource for the transmission of the first D2D data among at least two D2D communication candidate resources.

Abstract: One or more synchronization procedures in wireless communications are provided. A wireless user device may determine a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) as a synchronization reference source associated with a sidelink synchronization. The wireless user device may determine, based on the GNSS being the synchronization reference source associated with a sidelink synchronization and a subcarrier spacing index for sidelink, a slot number for sidelink communication. The wireless user device may transmit, based on the slot number, a sidelink synchronization signal from the wireless user device to a second wireless user device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for supporting a device-to-device (D2D) communication between user equipments (UEs) are provided. The method includes: receiving, at a UE, configuration information associated with a D2D data transmission resource, the configuration information including information of a D2D data allocation period and being transmitted from an evolved NodeB (eNB); determining, at the UE, a D2D data transmission resource offset and a period associated with a D2D data transmission resource bitmap in each D2D data allocation period, the D2D data transmission resource bitmap including at least one bit corresponding to bit value “1”; and determining a pool of subframes corresponding to the bit value “1” of the D2D data transmission resource bitmap, the period associated with the D2D data transmission resource bitmap including the pool of subframes, the pool of subframes corresponding to D2D data transmission resources through which a D2D data transmission is capable.

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus for receiving a reference signal. A wireless user device may determine, based on a synchronization signal (SS) block index and based on an index associated with a time interval, an initialization value associated with a reference signal for a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The wireless user device may receive, based on the initialization value and based on a frequency domain shift value, the reference signal via at least one resource element (RE). The reference signal may be mapped, based on the frequency domain shift value, to the at least one RE. The wireless user device may receive the PBCH.

Abstract: One or more synchronization procedures in wireless communications are provided. A wireless user device may determine a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) as a synchronization reference source associated with a sidelink synchronization. The wireless user device may determine, based on the GNSS being the synchronization reference source associated with a sidelink synchronization and a subcarrier spacing index for sidelink, a slot number for sidelink communication. The wireless user device may transmit, based on the slot number, a sidelink synchronization signal from the wireless user device to a second wireless user device.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a method and apparatus for transmitting a synchronization signal for Device-to-Device (D2D) communication in a wireless communication system. With respect to a D2D synchronization source to transmit a synchronization signal for D2D communication, the method includes: generating a D2D Synchronization Signal (D2DSS); and transmitting, by a synchronization source, the D2DSS to a D2D reception (Rx) UE, wherein the D2DSS includes a Primary D2D Synchronization Signal (PD2DSS) generated based on information associated with the synchronization source.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for generating and transmitting a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) are provided. A base station may perform a first scrambling process on PBCHs in a time period before a channel coding, and perform a second scrambling process after the channel coding. PHCH payloads and PBCH DMRS may provide information bits to be used in the scrambling processes.

Abstract: A communication method of a terminal with another terminal through a sidelink comprises: determining, by a first user device, one or more radio resource control (RRC) configurations comprising information of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication between user devices; determining, based on the one or more RRC configurations, a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) DMRS for a PSCCH; determining, based on a cyclic redundancy code of the PSCCH, an identifier; determining, based on the identifier, an initialization value associated with a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) DMRS for a PSSCH; and via one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, transmitting, by the first user device to a second user device, the PSCCH DMRS and the PSSCH DMRS.