Abstract: A collaborative bus arbitration multiplex architecture includes of a main memory, a bus, a plurality of BMPDs, and a BAM. Arbitration can be done according to the following steps of awaiting whether any of the BMPDs renders any request for access; B) identifying whether the access authority of the bus is being fetched by any other BMPDs; C) identifying whether the main memory to which the request for access corresponds have any record that the corresponding BMPD needs special treatment; D) identifying whether all of the BMPDs have rendered the requests for access; E) according to a generic arbitration principle, identifying whether the corresponding BMPDs indicated in the steps C) and D) win the access authority; F) yielding the access authority of the bus to the BMPDs winning the access authority as indicated in the step E); and G) accessing the main memory.

Abstract: A collaborative bus arbitration multiplex architecture includes of a main memory, a bus, a plurality of BMPDs, and a BAM. Arbitration can be done according to the following steps of awaiting whether any of the BMPDs renders any request for access; B) identifying whether the access authority of the bus is being fetched by any other BMPDs; C) identifying whether the main memory to which the request for access corresponds have any record that the corresponding BMPD needs special treatment; D) identifying whether all of the BMPDs have rendered the requests for access; E) according to a generic arbitration principle, identifying whether the corresponding BMPDs indicated in the steps C) and D) win the access authority; F) yielding the access authority of the bus to the BMPDs winning the access authority as indicated in the step E); and G) accessing the main memory.

Abstract: A method of the present invention duplicates data of a source medium to target media. The source medium is stored ground data and effective data, wherein the ground data are repeated to fill up the source medium and the effective data overwrite some of the ground data. Next, reading data of the source medium and comparing the data to the ground data. If the data are not as same as the ground data, then copy the data to the at least one target medium. If the data are as same as the ground data, then read the next t data of the source medium and repeating the comparing step.

Abstract: A direct memory access (DMA) system includes a memory unit, a memory control unit electrically connected to the memory unit to control the memory unit for data import or data export, a memory bus is electrically connected to the memory unit, an intermediate control unit electrically connected to the memory bus to receive data of the memory unit through the memory bus, and a plurality of DMA units, each of which includes a DMA controller electrically connected to the intermediate control unit and the memory control unit and a data in/out unit electrically connected to the DMA controller and the intermediate control unit. The DMA controllers control the data in/out units to receive data from the intermediate control unit. The present invention may reduce the load on bandwidth of the memory bus 31 and speed up the data transmission.

Abstract: A method for duplicating data of a source medium to a plurality of target media through a duplicator includes connecting the source medium and the target media to the duplicator. The duplicator transfers the data of the source medium to the target media in an order and repeatedly. The target media receive the data from the source medium and write them on the corresponding addresses until all of the data of the source medium had been copied to the target media. The duplicator call user to replace the target medium, which had completed duplication, with a new target medium. When replace one of the target media, the rest target media are duplicating data independently without any interruption by replacement of the target medium.

Abstract: A method for duplicating data of a source medium to target media includes the steps of: analyzing the file table (FAT, BITMAP . . . ) of the source medium to find addresses. Establishing a duplicating table, in which the addresses of the source medium stored with data are stored and ranked. Copying data of the source medium to the target media according to the content of duplicating table, wherein a copying order is in accordance with an order of the addresses rather than the files.

Abstract: A method of the present invention duplicates data of a source medium to target media. The source medium is stored ground data and effective data, wherein the ground data are repeated to fill up the source medium and the effective data overwrite some of the ground data. Next, reading data of the source medium and comparing the data to the ground data. If the data are not as same as the ground data, then copy the data to the at least one target medium. If the data are as same as the ground data, then read the next t data of the source medium and repeating the comparing step.

Abstract: A duplicator for duplicating data of a source storage device to one or more target storage devices includes a source connector to connect the source storage device, target connectors to connect the target storage devices and a data transferring unit. The data transferring unit includes a source control module connected to the source connector, target control modules connected to the target connectors and a switch module connecting the source control module and the target control modules. A data input port connects the source control module. The source control module can switch the data transferring to the switch module from the source connector or form the data input port.