Abstract: A laser apparatus includes a laser generator configured to generate a first laser beam proceeding along a first direction, and an inversion module configured to convert the first laser beam to a second laser beam proceeding along the first direction, the inversion module including a splitter configured to form a reflected laser beam by partially reflecting the first laser beam, and a transmitted laser beam by partially transmitting the first laser beam, and a prism configured to reflect the reflected laser beam.

Abstract: An automated gas supply system includes a gas cylinder transfer unit configured to transfer a cradle in which one or more gas cylinders storing a gas therein are stored; a gas cylinder inspection unit configured to check properties of the gas stored in the gas cylinder transferred from the gas cylinder transfer unit and check whether the gas leaks from the gas cylinder; a storage queue configured to receive the gas cylinder from the gas cylinder inspection unit by a mobile robot and configured to classify and store the transferred gas cylinders according to the properties of the gas stored in the gas cylinder; and a gas cabinet configured to receive the gas cylinder from the storage queue by the mobile robot and fasten a gas pipe, which is connected to a semiconductor manufacturing process line, to a gas spray nozzle, which is disposed at one side of the received gas cylinder, to supply the gas stored in the gas cylinder to the semiconductor manufacturing process line, wherein the gas cabinet includes a resid

Abstract: A display device may include a thin film transistor disposed on a substrate, and a display element electrically connected to the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor may include an active pattern including polycrystalline silicon, a gate insulation layer disposed on the active pattern, and a gate electrode disposed on the gate insulation layer. An average value of grain sizes of the active pattern may be in a range of about 400 nm to about 800 nm. An RMS value of a surface roughness of the active pattern may be about 4 nm or less. A method of manufacturing a polycrystalline silicon layer may include cleaning an amorphous silicon layer with hydrofluoric acid, rinsing the amorphous silicon layer with hydrogenated deionized water, and irradiating the amorphous silicon layer with a laser beam having an energy density of about 440 mJ/cm2 to about 490 mJ/cm2.

Abstract: Disclosed an animal training system including an animal training apparatus worn on an animal to deliver stimulation to the animal, and a remote controller possessed by a user to control the animal training apparatus. The animal training apparatus includes a wireless communication module to receive a signal from the remote controller, a stimulation generator/stimulator module to deliver stimulation to the animal, and a microprocessor to enable the stimulation generator/stimulator module to deliver the stimulation to the animal based on the signal received by the wireless communication module. The remote controller includes a user input means to receive input of an execution instruction for instructing the animal training apparatus to deliver the stimulation according to at least one stimulation mode, a wireless communication module to transmit the signal to the animal training apparatus, and a microprocessor to control the wireless communication module based on the execution instruction.

Abstract: An animal training apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention is worn on an animal to deliver stimulation, and includes a main stimulation module configured to generate an intensity adjustable main stimulation and deliver the main stimulation to the animal, an auxiliary stimulation module configured to generate a different type of auxiliary stimulation from the main stimulation and deliver the auxiliary stimulation to the animal, and a microprocessor configured to control the main stimulation module and the auxiliary stimulation module to deliver the main stimulation and/or the auxiliary stimulation to the animal when a preset condition is satisfied, wherein when delivery of the main stimulation exceeding a maximum intensity is required, the microprocessor is configured to control the main stimulation module and/or the auxiliary stimulation module to automatically generate the maximum intensity of main stimulation and the auxiliary stimulation together.

Abstract: A tire monitoring system may include: a state information collecting device installed in a first tire of a vehicle, and periodically transmitting unique identification information according to a rotation period of the first tire; a plurality of wheel speed sensors of which position information is changed according to rotations of a plurality of second tires installed in the vehicle; and a monitoring device for receiving the unique identification information from the state information collecting device, detecting position information of the respective wheel speed sensors according to a receiving time of the unique identification information for a predetermined time, and identifying a position of the first tire based on fluctuating patterns of position information of the respective wheel speed sensors detected according to the receiving time of the unique identification information.

Abstract: Disclosed is an animal training transmitter according to an embodiment which communicates with an animal training receiver by wireless communication, the animal training receiver worn on an animal to deliver stimulation to the animal, the animal training transmitter including a finger inputter which is worn on a user's finger and including a button, and a transmitter body including a receiving portion and a button, the finger inputter being attachable to and detachable from the receiving portion, wherein the transmitter body is worn on the user's body, the finger inputter is connected to the transmitter body with a cable when detached from the receiving part, and the transmitter body transmits a stimulation delivery signal to the animal training receiver by wireless communication in response to the button of the finger inputter being pressed while connected with the cable.

Abstract: A dog bark control device which includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a stimulation applying means, and a control unit. The control unit determines whether the animal barks, and when the animal is determined to bark, operates the stimulation applying means to apply stimulation to the animal. The control unit determines that the animal barks when the first sensing signal of the first sensor is a signal indicating that the animal barks, and at the same time, the animal is determined to make a particular motion accompanied by barking from the second sensing signal of the second sensor.

Abstract: A transmitter sends a radio signal defining the boundary of an area, and at least one receiver worn on the animal includes stimulation applying means to apply stimulation to the animal. The receiver senses the radio signal sent from the transmitter and applies stimulation to the animal when the animal is determined to access the boundary of the particular area based on whether the radio signal is sensed or not. The transmitter and the receiver are configured to set a value of at least one of a stimulation intensity, a stimulation type, a stimulation applying mode to apply and an animal size, according to an animal wearing the receiver, via a direct interface between the transmitter and the receiver, not via the radio signal.

Abstract: An animal training apparatus including a stimulation generator/stimulator module to generate the stimulation and deliver the stimulation to the animal, and a microprocessor comprising control logic programmed to control the stimulation generator/stimulator module to deliver the stimulation to the animal when a preset condition is satisfied, wherein at least a portion of the control logic is reprogrammable by a user. Also, an animal training system further includes a remote controller to control the animal training apparatus, wherein at least a portion of user input or functions of the remote controller is reconfigurable by the user. The user may reset, reconfigure, and reprogram the control logic of the animal training apparatus or the user input of the remote controller, or various functions provided by the animal training system.

Abstract: An animal training apparatus including a stimulation generator/stimulator module to generate the stimulation and deliver the stimulation to the animal, and a microprocessor comprising control logic programmed to control the stimulation generator/stimulator module to deliver the stimulation to the animal when a preset condition is satisfied, wherein at least a portion of the control logic is reprogrammable by a user. Also, an animal training system further includes a remote controller to control the animal training apparatus, wherein at least a portion of user input or functions of the remote controller is reconfigurable by the user. The user may reset, reconfigure, and reprogram the control logic of the animal training apparatus or the user input of the remote controller, or various functions provided by the animal training system.

Abstract: An animal training apparatus is worn on an animal with a belt, to train the animal by delivering stimulus for behavior modification to the animal according to the animal's behavior. The animal training apparatus according to an aspect includes a pair of belt holders to securely hold the belt to the apparatus, each one in each of two facing side surfaces when the apparatus is viewed from the front, and at least one other pair of belt holders to change a direction in which the animal training apparatus is worn on the animal.

Abstract: Disclosed is an animal training transmitter according to an embodiment which communicates with an animal training receiver by wireless communication, the animal training receiver worn on an animal to deliver stimulation to the animal, the animal training transmitter including a finger inputter which is worn on a user's finger and including a button, and a transmitter body including a receiving portion and a button, the finger inputter being attachable to and detachable from the receiving portion, wherein the transmitter body is worn on the user's body, the finger inputter is connected to the transmitter body with a cable when detached from the receiving part, and the transmitter body transmits a stimulation delivery signal to the animal training receiver by wireless communication in response to the button of the finger inputter being pressed while connected with the cable.

Abstract: A control apparatus worn on a hand to wirelessly control a device positioned at a remote place according to an embodiment includes a finger holding portion having a hole through which a finger passes, and at least one button mounted in a region of the two side surfaces of the hole at which the finger touches, a back of hand mount portion which extends from the finger holding portion, and is worn on the back of a user's hand, the back of hand mount portion in which an electronic device electrically connected to the at least one button is mounted, and a wrist wrap portion which extends from the back of hand mount portion, and fixes around the user's wrist.

Abstract: An animal training apparatus includes at least two vibration motors configured to generate the vibration stimulation and deliver the vibration stimulation to the animal, and a microprocessor comprising control logic programmed to control the at least two vibration motors to deliver the vibration stimulation to the animal when a preset condition is satisfied, wherein at least one of the vibration motors generates vibration stimulation with variable intensity, and the microprocessor controls the vibration motors to make a sum of vibration stimulation generated by the vibration motors equal a desired intensity of vibration stimulation that is determined based on the preset control logic or the satisfied condition. The animal training apparatus and system can substantially correct the animal's behavior using vibration stimulation varying in an adequate range as a main stimulation means by using the plurality of vibration motors, without using electrical stimulation.

Abstract: A bark control device includes a first sensor configured to sense barking of the animal and output a first sensing signal, a second sensor configured to sense a motion of the animal and output a second sensing signal, a stimulation applying means configured to apply stimulation to the animal, and a control unit configured to receive inputs of the first sensing signal and the second sensing signal, determine whether the animal barks, and when the animal is determined to bark, operate the stimulation applying means to apply stimulation to the animal. The control unit determines that the animal barks when the first sensing signal is a signal indicating that the animal barks, and at the same time, the animal is determined to make a particular motion accompanied by barking from the second sensing signal.