Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes: a parabolic reflector; a dielectric support pedestal; a sub-reflector connected to an upper part of the dielectric support pedestal; and a waveguide connected to a lower part of the dielectric support pedestal, wherein the parabolic reflector has a curved surface in which a ratio of a focal length to a diameter is greater than a preset value, and at least one corrugation configured to suppress a cross polarization is formed in a region of the dielectric support pedestal.

Abstract: Provided are a method of preparing retinal ganglion cells by differentiation of stem into retinal ganglion cells, retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a method of screening for a death inhibitor or a proliferation promoter of retinal ganglion cells using the retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a kit of screening for the death inhibitor or the proliferation promoter of retinal ganglion cells including the retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a pharmaceutical composition for treating glaucoma or optic neuropathy including the retinal ganglion cells, a method of treating glaucoma or optic neuropathy including the step of administering the retinal ganglion cells to a subject suspected of having glaucoma or optic neuropathy, and a method of preparing a mature retinal ganglion cell line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sobrerol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which can promote differentiation of myoblasts to form myotubes, thereby preventing muscle weakness and effectively improving muscle functions. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition containing the same can be effectively used for preventing or treating muscle weakness related diseases.

Abstract: Provided are a method of preparing retinal ganglion cells by differentiation of stem into retinal ganglion cells, retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a method of screening for a death inhibitor or a proliferation promoter of retinal ganglion cells using the retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a kit of screening for the death inhibitor or the proliferation promoter of retinal ganglion cells including the retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a pharmaceutical composition for treating glaucoma or optic neuropathy including the retinal ganglion cells, a method of treating glaucoma or optic neuropathy including the step of administering the retinal ganglion cells to a subject suspected of having glaucoma or optic neuropathy, and a method of preparing a mature retinal ganglion cell line.

Abstract: Provided are a method of preparing retinal ganglion cells by differentiation of stem into retinal ganglion cells, retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a method of screening for a death inhibitor or a proliferation promoter of retinal ganglion cells using the retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a kit of screening for the death inhibitor or the proliferation promoter of retinal ganglion cells including the retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a pharmaceutical composition for treating glaucoma or optic neuropathy including the retinal ganglion cells, a method of treating glaucoma or optic neuropathy including the step of administering the retinal ganglion cells to a subject suspected of having glaucoma or optic neuropathy, and a method of preparing a mature retinal ganglion cell line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sobrerol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which can promote differentiation of myoblasts to form myotubes, thereby preventing muscle weakness and effectively improving muscle functions. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition containing the same can be effectively used for preventing or treating muscle weakness related diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to A method for promoting the differentiation of myoblasts comprising treating myoblasts with butylpyridinium, a derivative thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a method for strengthening muscles comprising administering butylpyridinium, a derivative thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject in need thereof; a feed or feed additive for strengthening muscles comprising butylpyridinium, a derivative thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a method for treating a disease associated with muscle weakness comprising administering butylpyridinium, a derivative thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Provided are a method of preparing retinal ganglion cells by differentiation of stem into retinal ganglion cells, retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a method of screening for a death inhibitor or a proliferation promoter of retinal ganglion cells using the retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a kit of screening for the death inhibitor or the proliferation promoter of retinal ganglion cells including the retinal ganglion cells differentiated by the method, a pharmaceutical composition for treating glaucoma or optic neuropathy including the retinal ganglion cells, a method of treating glaucoma or optic neuropathy including the step of administering the retinal ganglion cells to a subject suspected of having glaucoma or optic neuropathy, and a method of preparing a mature retinal ganglion cell line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to A method for promoting the differentiation of myoblasts comprising treating myoblasts with butylpyridinium, a derivative thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a method for strengthening muscles comprising administering butylpyridinium, a derivative thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject in need thereof; a feed or feed additive for strengthening muscles comprising butylpyridinium, a derivative thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a method for treating a disease associated with muscle weakness comprising administering butylpyridinium, a derivative thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for inducing stem cells to differentiate into retinal cells at high yield within a short period of time, without gene implantation and co-culture with retinal tissues, by implementing a differentiation process similar to the in vivo embryonic development in chemically defined conditions. Also, retinal cells including the photoreceptor cells and their progenitor cells, and various types of other retinal cells, generated according to the method, are disclosed. A composition comprising the retinal cells and a method are provided for treating retinal degeneration-related diseases. The differentiated photoreceptor cells, when transplanted into degenerated or injured retinas, can be engrafted and fused within the retinas to prevent or cure retinal degeneration.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for inducing the proliferation of retinal cells or the differentiation of retinal progenitor cells into retinal cells. The composition, similar to in vivo conditions for development during embryogenesis, induces stem cells to differentiate into a multitude of photoreceptor cells at high yield within a short period of time, without an additional gene transfer. In addition, the differentiated photoreceptor cells are useful in cellular therapy because they, when transplanted into degenerated or injured retinas, can be engrafted and fused within the retinas to prevent or cure retinal degeneration.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for inducing the proliferation of retinal cells or the differentiation of retinal progenitor cells into retinal cells. The composition, similar to in vivo conditions for development during embryogenesis, induces stem cells to differentiate into a multitude of photoreceptor cells at high yield within a short period of time, without an additional gene transfer. In addition, the differentiated photoreceptor cells are useful in cellular therapy because they, when transplanted into degenerated or injured retinas, can be engrafted and fused within the retinas to prevent or cure retinal degeneration.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for inducing stem cells to differentiate into retinal cells at high yield within a short period of time, without gene implantation and co-culture with retinal tissues, by implementing a differentiation process similar to the in vivo embryonic development in chemically defined conditions. Also, retinal cells including the photoreceptor cells and their progenitor cells, and various types of other retinal cells, generated according to the method, are disclosed. A composition comprising the retinal cells and a method are provided for treating retinal degeneration-related diseases. The differentiated photoreceptor cells, when transplanted into degenerated or injured retinas, can be engrafted and fused within the retinas to prevent or cure retinal degeneration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a clinical panel, a microarray (e.g., a DNA chip), and a method, for determining a causative agent of human disease, more particularly, infectious disease and mitochondrial disorders. The clinical panel of the invention contains at least one pair of oligonucleotides (reverse primers, forward primers), whereby both oligonucleotides of the pair are suitable for use as primers for the amplification by means of polymerase chain reaction of one or both complementary strands of a DNA segment of a human infectious agent or human mitochondria DNA containing a mutation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to humanized monoclonal antibodies LB-00503 and LB-00506, which are specific for human 4-1BB molecules, have high binding affinities and can bind efficiently with activated T cells expressing the 4-1BB molecule, as well as pharmaceutical compositions. Particularly, the present invention provides said humanized antibody LB-00503, which is modified from the humanized antibody Hz4B4-2 and substitutes the 61st amino acid, serine by asparagine in the amino acid residues of 59th˜61st and said humanized antibody LB-00506, which enhances the antibody binding affinity of said humanized antibody LB-00503 in which 2 amino acid residues of the right border in the antibody binding site CDR2 of the heavy chain variable region are substituted from glutamine (Q)—glycine (G) to lysine (K)—serine (S).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to humanized antibodies that specifically bind the protein 4-1BB. The antibodies can be made by grafting of the complementarity determining regions (CDR's) of mouse monoclonal antibody to human 4-1BB to the remaining portions of a human antibody and by making further amino acid replacements. In addition, a pharmaceutical composition that includes the humanized antibody can be made and can be used to treat autoimmune diseases to suppress an immune response. The humanized antibody of the invention has high affinity for human 4-1BB, and exhibits sequence similarity to human antibody. As a result, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be used to treat autoimmune disease and act as an immunosuppressant in humans without much side-effect.