Abstract: Disclosed is a data transmission system that transmits data by using a relay. The relay selects a transmission terminal from among a plurality of terminals accessing a base station. A base station transmits base station data to the relay during a first time slot, and the transmission terminal transmits terminal data to the relay. The relay transmits terminal data to the base station during a second time slot, and transmits base station data to the transmission terminal.

Abstract: A steel for a gear includes, based on a total weight of the steel: C: 0.10-0.30 wt %, Si: 0.60-0.80 wt %, Mn: 0.25-0.75 wt %, Cr: 1.80-2.20 wt %, Ni: 0.50-1.50 wt %, Mo: 0.20-0.40 wt %, Nb: 0.025-0.050 wt %, V: 0.030-0.050 wt %, and a balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein contents of Nb and V satisfy the following <Relationship Formula 1>: 0.055<[Nb]+[V]<0.100??<Relationship Formula 1>, wherein [Nb] represents a content of Nb and [V] represents a content of V.

Abstract: A computing system according to at least one embodiment disclosed herein includes an autonomous driving controller that controls autonomous driving of a vehicle, and an energy management unit that provides a service related to energy management of the vehicle. The autonomous driving controller may set an output of a driving system included in the vehicle. The energy management unit may determine a change in an internal resistance of a battery based on driving data of the vehicle and battery data of the battery included in the vehicle, and sets an output current of the battery for the set output based of the driving system based on the determined change in the internal resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is an interface circuit and a semiconductor device including the same. The interface circuit may include a data pad, a first driving circuit connected between the data pad and a first supply node, and configured to adjust a first resistance value applied between the data pad and the first supply node according to termination modes and selectively drive the data pad with a first supply voltage, and a first tuning circuit connected between the first supply node and a first voltage supply terminal, and configured to tune the first resistance value according to the termination modes.

Abstract: Provided are an imaging encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameter.

Abstract: Provided are an imaging encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding and decoding technique, and more particularly, to an image encoder and decoder using unidirectional prediction. The image encoder includes a dividing unit to divide a macro block into a plurality of sub-blocks, a unidirectional application determining unit to determine whether an identical prediction mode is applied to each of the plurality of sub-blocks, and a prediction mode determining unit to determine a prediction mode with respect to each of the plurality of sub-blocks based on a determined result of the unidirectional application determining unit.

Abstract: Provided are an image encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameters.

Abstract: Provided are an image encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameters.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition for forming a polyurethane film, a polyurethane film derived from the composition and an article comprising a substrate and the polyurethane film, and the composition for forming a polyurethane film comprises an OH group-containing polymer; a curing agent; and an amphoteric ion-based polymer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for controlling an autonomous vehicle to allow an autonomous vehicle to safely pass through a road according to a driver's choice when the width of the road is narrow. The apparatus includes a sensor for acquiring information data of obstacles and vehicles in front of and on a side of a host vehicle, a signal processor for outputting data with respect to positions and media of obstacles and a determination signal representing presence or absence of a vehicle on a driving path, a controller for determining whether driving is possible by analyzing information acquired by the sensor and outputting a control signal corresponding to a selection signal of the driver, an interface for displaying an image processed by the signal processor, and an autonomous driving function unit for performing autonomous driving according to the control signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for forming a polyurethane film with improved reaction stability, comprising an OH group-containing polymer; an isocyanate-based compound as a curing agent; and an alicyclic urea diol compound having two urea groups and an OH group at two terminals, and a polyurethane film with improved self-healable property from tear, derived from the composition.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition for forming a polyurethane film, a polyurethane film derived from the composition and an article comprising a substrate and the polyurethane film, and the composition for forming a polyurethane film comprises an OH group-containing polymer; a curing agent; and an amphoteric ion-based polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for forming a polyurethane film with improved reaction stability, comprising an OH group-containing polymer; an isocyanate-based compound as a curing agent; and an alicyclic urea diol compound having two urea groups and an OH group at two terminals, and a polyurethane film with improved self-healable property from tear, derived from the composition.

Abstract: A composition for preparing poly(imide-benzoxazole) copolymer is described, where the copolymer include: a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride represented by Chemical Formula 1, a diamine represented by Chemical Formula 2, and a diamine represented by Chemical Formula 3: wherein definitions of groups and variables in Chemical Formulae 1 to 3 are the same as described in the specification.

Abstract: A poly(imide-amide) copolymer, which is a product of a reaction between a diamine including an amide structural unit-containing oligomer represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a dianhydride represented by Chemical Formula 3: wherein, groups and variables in Chemical Formulae 1 and 3 are the same as described in the specification.

Abstract: A poly(imide-amide) copolymer including a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1; a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 2; and any one of a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 3, an amic acid precursor of the structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 3, and a combination thereof; wherein a cured material of the poly(imide-amide) copolymer may have a tensile modulus of greater than or equal to about 5.5 GPa, and a yellowness index of less than or equal to about 5: wherein, groups and variables in Chemical Formulae 1 and 3 are the same as described in the specification.

Abstract: A method of producing a polyimide film, including obtaining a polyamic acid including a repeating unit of Chemical Formula 1: wherein Ar1 and Ar2 are described in the specification; imidizing the polyamic acid to obtain a partially imidized polyimide; determining a sub-Tg temperature of the partially imidized polyimide; and heating the partially imidized polyimide in at least two steps to obtain a polyimide film, wherein a step transition temperature range is within the sub-Tg temperature ±30° C.

Abstract: A method of preparing an optical film, preparing a coating composition including an amic acid-containing polymer represented by Chemical Formula 1 and at least one polymerization aid selected from an alkyl phosphite, an aryl phosphite, an alkyl phosphate, and an aryl phosphate; providing the coating composition on a substrate to form a coating layer; and applying heat to the coating layer to prepare a cured film: wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, are the same or different in each repeating unit, and are each independently at least one selected from an aromatic organic group, an aliphatic organic group, and an alicyclic organic group, and 0?x?1.

Abstract: A block copolymer film having a line pattern with a high degree of long-range order is formed by a method that includes forming a block copolymer film on a substrate surface with parallel facets, and annealing the block copolymer film to form an annealed block copolymer film having linear microdomains parallel to the substrate surface and orthogonal to the parallel facets of the substrate. The line-patterned block copolymer films are useful for the fabrication of magnetic storage media, polarizing devices, and arrays of nanowires.