Abstract: Disclosed are an information storage medium storing metadata for providing additional content during a broadcast program, the metadata including information indicating whether to insert second additional content instead of first additional content, which is underlying additional content of the broadcast program, and a locator of the second additional content, a method of providing additional content by using the same, and a digital broadcast reception apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed are an information storage medium having recorded thereon service information regarding a broadcast service to provide additional content, the information storage medium having recorded thereon information for receiving a trigger while the broadcast service is received, information for selecting additional content to be inserted to the broadcast service in correspondence to the received trigger, and a locator for receiving the additional content, a method of providing additional content by using the same, and a digital broadcast reception apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of encoding moving pictures or still pictures involving dividing a single frame into a plurality of blocks and encoding the blocks. The method includes: calculating an average value of pixels constituting the blocks, shifting down the pixels by the calculated average value, performing lossy encoding on the down-shifted pixel values, and performing lossless encoding on the results of the lossy encoding and the calculated average value.