Abstract: Systems and methods for producing artificial blood vessels. In certain embodiments, the method for producing blood vessels includes printing an elastic outer layer and removing polyvinyl alcohol component from the elastic outer layer. The process then involves forming a first inner layer of smooth muscle cells, wherein the smooth muscle cells are mixed with 5 fibrinogen solution and extruded with thrombin to form a smooth muscle cell gel, and forming a second inner layer of endothelial cells, wherein the endothelial cells are mixed with fibrinogen solution and extruded with thrombin to form an endothelial cell gel.