Abstract: A method of generating data for use in monitoring and controlling the charge status and discharge status of a secondary battery, which is carried out by a microcomputer installed in a secondary battery pack. The data generating method includes calculating a discharge capacity iteratively. The calculated discharge capacity is added to a required full charge capacity determined in a previous period of time, and the sum is determined as a required full charge capacity for each iteration. Also, if an average voltage value for each iteration for the secondary battery is less than a lower limit of the full discharge voltage value, a reference full charge capacity is updated with the required full charge capacity for each iteration.

Abstract: An automatic wake-up device for a radio automatic recognition terminal mounted in a vehicle and a communication method using the terminal are provided in an electronic toll collecting system. The terminal wakes up in response to various modes of automatically waking up the terminal included in the vehicle. The automatic wake-up device includes a circuit responding to a first mode which transmits a wake-up signal having a frequency different from a communication frequency to a wake-up zone when the wake-up zone and communication zone are separately located, and the circuit responds to a second mode which alternately transmits data for communication and data for waking-up the terminal to the communication zone so as to wake up the vehicle terminal without differentiating between the communication zone and the wake-up zone.