Abstract: A positive electrode active material, method of making the same, and positive electrode and lithium secondary battery include the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a positive electrode active material in a form of single particles, includes a lithium transition metal oxide having nickel (Ni) in an amount greater than 50 mol % based on a total number of moles of transition metals excluding lithium, wherein a single particle has a region of 50 nm or less from a surface of the single particle along a center direction, and wherein a structure belonging to space group FD3-M and a structure belonging to space group Fm3m are formed in the region, and wherein a generation rate of fine powder having an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 ?m or less is in a range of 5% to 30% when the positive electrode active material is rolled at 650 kgf/cm2.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a battery case, and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte accommodated in the battery case. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode including a first positive electrode active material, a second positive electrode active material, and a conductive agent. The second positive electrode active material is a single particle composed of one primary particle, a quasi-single particle which is an aggregate of 2 to 30 primary particles, or a combination thereof. The weight ratio of the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material ranges from 7.5:2.5 to 9.5:0.5. The conductive agent includes a point-type conductive agent and a linear conductive agent at a weight ratio ranging from 10:1 to 50:1.

Abstract: An electrode that includes a polymer layer showing a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect and an oxidation potential, which are controlled according to objectives. The electrode does not affect or can rather improve, in a normal state, performance and operation of a secondary battery by exhibiting excellent electrical properties, such as low resistance, and can ensure stability in an abnormal state. Also provided are uses of the electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a positive electrode active material for a secondary battery, which is a lithium composite transition metal oxide containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese and having a nickel content accounting for 60 mol % or more of metals excluding lithium and is in the form of a single particle having an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 to 10 ?m, wherein a 100-nm region from the surface toward the center of a particle of the lithium composite transition metal oxide has crystal structures of a Fd3M space group and a Fm3m space group, and a phase ratio (Fd3M/Fm3m), which is a ratio of the maximum straight length of portions occupied by the crystal structure of the Fd3M space group and the crystal structure of the Fm3m space group, is 0.2 to 0.7, as determined in a cross-sectional image file of the particle surface part of the lithium composite transition metal oxide particle, which is obtained using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a positive electrode material for a secondary battery, the positive electrode material including a first positive electrode active material and a second positive electrode active material, the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material being single particle types and lithium composite transition metal oxides including nickel, cobalt, and manganese and having a nickel content accounting for 60 mol % or more of total metals except for lithium, wherein the first positive electrode active material has a mean particle diameter (D50) of 3 ?m or less and a molar ratio (Li/M) of lithium to the metals (M) except for lithium of 1.10 to 1.20, and the second positive electrode active material has a mean particle diameter (D50) of greater than 3 ?m and a molar ratio (Li/M) of lithium to the metals (M) except for lithium of 1.00 to 1.13.

Abstract: A current collector that includes a current collector body and a polymer layer formed on the current collector body, wherein the polymer layer can include a conductive polymer and a conductive material. The current collector can exhibit excellent electrical properties, including low resistance, in a normal state, and can ensure stability through an increase in resistance, and the like, in an abnormal state. Also provided are uses of the current collector.

Abstract: An electrode current collector that includes a current collector body and a polymer layer formed on the current collector body, where the polymer layer includes a copolymer containing a first thiophene unit having a hydrocarbon group with 10 or more carbon atoms and a second thiophene unit having a hydrocarbon group with 9 or less carbon atoms, and the electrode current collector can exhibit excellent electrical characteristics, including low resistance, in a normal state in a secondary battery or the like, and can ensure stability through an increase in resistance in an abnormal state. Also provided are uses of the electrode current collector.

Abstract: A electronic device and method for providing store payment service are provided. An electronic device for providing store payment service comprising a processor; and a memory operatively coupled to the processor, wherein the memory, when executed, causes the processor to identify first tracking data of the tracking data corresponding to a first time period including the trigger time point, identify a user candidate group for at least some of the at least one user based on the first tracking data, calculate a first reliability for each of the at least some users included in the user candidate group, identify that a user related to the trigger is a first user based on the first reliability, and store instructions for performing an update related to the trigger for a virtual shopping cart of the first user.

Abstract: A current collector and a use thereof is disclosed. The current collector is capable of forming an electrode, which does not affect performance and operation of a secondary battery by exhibiting, in a normal state, excellent electrical characteristics including low resistance, and can ensure stability by blocking, in an abnormal state, energization of an electrode assembly through resistance increase, and a use thereof. An electrode, an electrode assembly and a secondary battery comprising the current collector are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a current collector, and a method for using the current collector. The current collector is capable of forming an electrode, which does not affect performance and operation of a secondary battery by exhibiting, in a normal state, excellent electrical characteristics including low resistance, and can ensure stability by blocking, in an abnormal state, energization of an electrode assembly through resistance increase. The current collector is also capable of ensuring excellent adhesive force between layers forming the electrode.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material, and a positive electrode and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a positive electrode active material includes a lithium composite transition metal oxide containing nickel, cobalt, and manganese and having a nickel content for 60 mol % or more, based on metals (M) excluding lithium, and is in the form of single particles having an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 to 10 ?m, wherein a 100-nm region extending from the surface toward the center of a single particle has crystal structures of a Fd3M and a Fm3m space group, and a phase ratio is 0.2 to 0.7, which is a ratio of a first portion of a maximum straight length of the 100-nm region occupied by the crystal structure of the Fd3M space group to a second portion occupied by the crystal structure of the Fm3m space group.

Abstract: A method of preparing a positive electrode active material for a secondary battery, is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a method includes mixing a positive electrode active material precursor, a lithium source material, a first firing additive, a second firing additive, and a third firing additive a to form a mixture, wherein the positive electrode active material precursor contains nickel, cobalt, and manganese and has a nickel content of 60 mol % or more relative to a total molar amount of metals in the positive electrode active material precursor, and performing primary firing of the mixture to form a lithium transition metal oxide, wherein the first firing additive is a lithium-containing compound, the second firing additive is a carbonate ion-containing compound, and the third firing additive is a boron-containing compound.

Abstract: A positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery includes a first positive electrode active material and a second positive electrode active material, both of which are lithium composite transition metal oxides containing transition metals. The first positive electrode active material has a larger average particle size (D50) than the second positive electrode active material, wherein a ratio (Li/Me)1 of the mole number of lithium with respect to the total mole number of transition metals of the first positive electrode active material is more than 1 to 1.5 or less, and a ratio (Li/Me)2 of the mole number of lithium (Li) with respect to the total mole number of transition metals of the second positive electrode active material is 0.9 to 1. The second positive electrode active material has a crystallite size of 180 nm or more.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material comprising a lithium cobalt-based oxide particles and a metal with which the lithium cobalt-based oxide particles are doped or coated. The metal includes aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), titanium (Ti), and zirconium (Zr). The metal includes titanium (Ti) and zirconium (Zr) in an amount of 300 ppm to 1,500 ppm with respect to a weight of the positive electrode active material, the metal includes aluminum (Al) in an amount of 3,000 ppm to 7,000 ppm with respect to a weight of the positive electrode active material, and the negative electrode includes a carbon-based active material and a silicon-based active material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a negative electrode current collector for a negative electrode-free battery which includes a metal current collecting substrate, and a conductive layer disposed on the metal current collecting substrate. The conductive layer includes an ion conductive polymer, and the ion conductive polymer includes a vinylidene fluoride-derived unit and a unit derived from at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of a hexafluoropropylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene. A peak of highest intensity is present in a 2-theta range of 20.5° to 20.9° during X-ray diffraction analysis of the conductive layer.

Abstract: A positive electrode material and a method of producing thereof is provided. The positive electrode material having a bimodal particle diameter distribution and including large-diameter particles and small-diameter particles, wherein the small-diameter particle is a lithium composite transition metal oxide in the form of a single particle and containing a rock salt phase formed on a surface portion thereof.

Abstract: A positive electrode material and a method of producing thereof is provided. The positive electrode material having a bimodal particle diameter distribution and including large-diameter particles and small-diameter particles, wherein the small-diameter particle is a lithium composite transition metal oxide in the form of a single particle and containing a rock salt phase formed on a surface portion thereof.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material includes a nickel-based lithium transition metal oxide containing nickel in an amount of 60 mol % or more based on a total number of moles of metals excluding lithium, wherein cobalt is included in an amount of greater than 0 ppm to 6,000 ppm or less on a surface of the nickel-based lithium transition metal oxide. A method of preparing the positive electrode active material, a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery which includes the positive electrode active material are also provided.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material includes a lithium transition metal oxide and a coating element M3-containing coating layer formed on a surface of the lithium transition metal oxide, wherein M3 comprises at least one of Al, Ti, Mg, Zr, W, Y, Sr, or Co, wherein the lithium transition metal oxide is doped with a doping element M2, wherein M2 includes at least one of Al, Ti, Mg, Zr, W, Y, Sr, Co, F, Si, Na, Cu, Fe, Ca, S, or B, wherein the lithium transition metal oxide has a single particle form, and includes a center portion having a layered structure and a surface portion having a rock-salt structure, and the total amount of the doping element M2 and the coating element M3 is in a range of 4,580 ppm to 9,120 ppm based on a total weight of the positive electrode active material.

Abstract: A negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector; a first negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode current collector and a second negative electrode active material layer on the first negative electrode active material layer. The first negative electrode active material layer includes a first carbon-containing active material, a first silicon-containing active material, and a first binder. The second carbon-containing active material, a second silicon-containing active material, and a second binder. The first silicon-containing active material includes a first silicon-containing compound and a first metal doped in the first silicon-containing compound. The second silicon-containing active material includes a second silicon-containing compound and a second metal doped in the second silicon-containing compound.