Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a data collecting unit for obtaining log information about a state of a battery from a battery management system that manages the battery, a first storing unit including reference log information for determining abnormality of the battery, and a diagnosing unit for diagnosing abnormality of the battery by comparing the log information about the state of the battery with the reference log information.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a plurality of pixel areas. The repair wiring may include a first repair wiring in each pixel area and a second repair wiring extending beyond the corresponding pixel area. The first repair wiring of each pixel area may cross a repair cutting region of the corresponding pixel area. The second repair wiring may include a region overlapping with a repair connecting region of one of adjacent two pixel areas. Each of the first repair wiring and the second repair wiring may have a stacked structure of a lower wiring layer and an upper wiring layer. The lower wiring layer and the upper wiring layer may have a relative high transmittance. The upper wiring layer may have an energy absorption rate higher than the lower wiring layer. The upper wiring layer of the first repair wiring may be disposed outside the repair cutting region.

Abstract: A front emission type display device is provided. In the display device, light generated by a light-emitting element which is disposed on a first substrate can be emitted to the outside through a color filter and a second substrate, so that an image can be realized on an outer surface of the second substrate. In the display device, a space between a first device passivation layer on the light-emitting element, and a second device passivation layer on the second substrate can be filled by the color filter and a pixel defining pattern disposed on a side surface of the color filter. Thus, in the display device, the distortion of the first substrate and the second substrate can be prevented or reduced.

Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device includes a changeable reflective structure having a first changeable electrode, a changeable reflecting layer and a second changeable electrode, which are sequentially stacked on an upper substrate opposite a lower substrate. In the display device, the reflectance of the changeable reflecting layer may be adjusted by controlling a voltage applied to the first changeable electrode and the second changeable electrode according to a state of a light-emitting structure which is disposed on an emitting area of the lower substrate. Thus, in the display device, a decrease of the color sense by the reflection of external light in a display state may be prevented, and the reflective area may have sufficient reflectance for serving as a mirror in a non-display state.

Abstract: A display device including an auxiliary electrode in order to prevent the luminance unevenness is provided. In the display device, an under-cut region may be formed by a first penetrating hole of a lower passivation layer and a second penetrating hole of an over-coat layer in order to connect an upper electrode to the auxiliary electrode. The second penetrating hole of the over-coat layer may be disposed to be offset from the first penetrating hole of the lower passivation layer, so that the under-cut region may be partially broken in an edge of the auxiliary electrode. Thus, the display device may improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the auxiliary electrode and the upper electrode.

Abstract: A display device including emitting areas is provided. The emitting areas of the display device may realize a different color each other. The display device includes light-emitting structures on the emitting areas. The adjacent light-emitting structures have different heights with respect to the lower substrate, such that a size of a non-emitting area between the adjacent emitting areas is reduced.

Abstract: A front emission type display device is provided. In the display device, light generated by a light-emitting element which is disposed on a first substrate can be emitted to the outside through a color filter and a second substrate, so that an image can be realized on an outer surface of the second substrate. In the display device, a space between a first device passivation layer on the light-emitting element, and a second device passivation layer on the second substrate can be filled by the color filter and a pixel defining pattern disposed on a side surface of the color filter. Thus, in the display device, the distortion of the first substrate and the second substrate can be prevented or reduced.

Abstract: A display device including a micro-cavity structure and a method for forming the same is provided. The display device includes light-emitting structures on pixel areas. In the display device, each of the pixel areas may realize a color different from an adjacent pixel area. In the display device, each of the light-emitting structures may include a reflective electrode, a resonant layer and a transparent electrode, which are sequentially stacked. In the display device, a side surface of the resonant layer and a side surface of the transparent electrode of the light-emitting structure may be surrounded by an interlayer insulating layer. Thus, in the display device, the reliability and the production efficiency may be improved.

Abstract: A display device capable preventing or reducing luminance unevenness due to a voltage drop using an auxiliary electrode is provided. The display device may include a bank insulating layer that forms an under-cut region for connecting the auxiliary electrode to an upper electrode of a light-emitting structure. The bank insulating layer may include a first bank penetrating hole overlapping with the auxiliary electrode and a second bank penetrating hole spaced apart from the first bank penetrating hole. The second bank penetrating hole may overlap a lower penetrating hole of a lower passivation layer which is disposed between the auxiliary electrode and the bank insulating layer. The lower penetrating hole may overlap the auxiliary electrode.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display device that has a modified structure capable of preventing degradation of the aperture ratio and light leakage due to alignment tolerance between upper and lower substrates and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The organic light-emitting display device includes a substrate including a plurality of sub-pixels, an insulation film disposed on the substrate and including recesses each having a bottom surface of a selected area and electrically isolating regions are positioned adjacent to a corresponding one of the recesses such that a pair comprising a recess and an isolation region corresponds to each of the sub-pixels. A first electrode is disposed on the bottom surface of each of the recesses in each of the sub-pixels.

Abstract: A display device according to an embodiment can include a plurality of pixel areas disposed on a lower substrate, each pixel area including a plurality of sub-pixel areas for displaying images. The display device further includes a plurality of light emitting structures disposed respectively in the sub-pixel areas of each pixel area and configured to output at least one color light, a plurality of color filters disposed correspondingly to the light emitting structures and configured to convert the at least one color light output from the light emitting structures into different color lights, and a white light emitting structure configured to output white color light, wherein the white light emitting structure covers all the light emitting structures and the color filters.

Abstract: Disclosed are an organic light-emitting array and an organic light-emitting display device using the organic light-emitting array. The organic light-emitting array includes a substrate having a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel including an emission portion and a non-emission portion adjacent the emission portion; a first electrode provided on at least the emission portion and provided on a portion of the non-emission portion for each sub-pixel; a bank provided in the non-emission portion and having a positively tapered portion configured to overlap a portion of the first electrode and a negatively tapered portion configured so as not to overlap the first electrode; an organic layer provided on the first electrode and the bank; and a second electrode disposed on the organic layer over the plurality of sub-pixels.

Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device includes a changeable reflective structure having a first changeable electrode, a changeable reflecting layer and a second changeable electrode, which are sequentially stacked on an upper substrate opposite a lower substrate. In the display device, the reflectance of the changeable reflecting layer may be adjusted by controlling a voltage applied to the first changeable electrode and the second changeable electrode according to a state of a light-emitting structure which is disposed on an emitting area of the lower substrate. Thus, in the display device, a decrease of the color sense by the reflection of external light in a display state may be prevented, and the reflective area may have sufficient reflectance for serving as a mirror in a non-display state.

Abstract: A display device including an auxiliary electrode in order to prevent the luminance unevenness is provided. In the display device, an under-cut region may be formed by a first penetrating hole of a lower passivation layer and a second penetrating hole of an over-coat layer in order to connect an upper electrode to the auxiliary electrode. The second penetrating hole of the over-coat layer may be disposed to be offset from the first penetrating hole of the lower passivation layer, so that the under-cut region may be partially broken in an edge of the auxiliary electrode. Thus, the display device may improve the reliability of the electrical connection between the auxiliary electrode and the upper electrode.

Abstract: A display device including emitting areas is provided. The emitting areas of the display device may realize a different color each other. The display device includes light-emitting structures on the emitting areas. The adjacent light-emitting structures have different heights with respect to the lower substrate, such that a size of a non-emitting area between the adjacent emitting areas is reduced.

Abstract: A display device capable preventing or reducing luminance unevenness due to a voltage drop using an auxiliary electrode is provided. The display device may include a bank insulating layer that forms an under-cut region for connecting the auxiliary electrode to an upper electrode of a light-emitting structure. The bank insulating layer may include a first bank penetrating hole overlapping with the auxiliary electrode and a second bank penetrating hole spaced apart from the first bank penetrating hole. The second bank penetrating hole may overlap a lower penetrating hole of a lower passivation layer which is disposed between the auxiliary electrode and the bank insulating layer. The lower penetrating hole may overlap the auxiliary electrode.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display device that has a modified structure capable of preventing degradation of the aperture ratio and light leakage due to alignment tolerance between upper and lower substrates and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The organic light-emitting display device includes a substrate including a plurality of sub-pixels, an insulation film disposed on the substrate and including recesses each having a bottom surface of a selected area and electrically isolating regions are positioned adjacent to a corresponding one of the recesses such that a pair comprising a recess and an isolation region corresponds to each of the sub-pixels. A first electrode is disposed on the bottom surface of each of the recesses in each of the sub-pixels.

Abstract: A display device including a micro-cavity structure and a method for forming the same is provided. The display device includes light-emitting structures on pixel areas. In the display device, each of the pixel areas may realize a color different from an adjacent pixel area. In the display device, each of the light-emitting structures may include a reflective electrode, a resonant layer and a transparent electrode, which are sequentially stacked. In the display device, a side surface of the resonant layer and a side surface of the transparent electrode of the light-emitting structure may be surrounded by an interlayer insulating layer. Thus, in the display device, the reliability and the production efficiency may be improved.

Abstract: Disclosed are an organic light-emitting array and an organic light-emitting display device using the organic light-emitting array. The organic light-emitting array includes a substrate having a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel including an emission portion and a non-emission portion adjacent the emission portion; a first electrode provided on at least the emission portion and provided on a portion of the non-emission portion for each sub-pixel; a bank provided in the non-emission portion and having a positively tapered portion configured to overlap a portion of the first electrode and a negatively tapered portion configured so as not to overlap the first electrode; an organic layer provided on the first electrode and the bank; and a second electrode disposed on the organic layer over the plurality of sub-pixels.

Abstract: A display device according to an embodiment can include a plurality of pixel areas disposed on a lower substrate, each pixel area including a plurality of sub-pixel areas for displaying images. The display device further includes a plurality of light emitting structures disposed respectively in the sub-pixel areas of each pixel area and configured to output at least one color light, a plurality of color filters disposed correspondingly to the light emitting structures and configured to convert the at least one color light output from the light emitting structures into different color lights, and a white light emitting structure configured to output white color light, wherein the white light emitting structure covers all the light emitting structures and the color filters.