Abstract: A semiconductor device including a first interlayer insulating film; a conductive pattern in the first interlayer insulating film; a resistance pattern on the conductive pattern; an upper etching stopper film spaced apart from the resistance pattern, extending in parallel with a top surface of the resistance pattern, and including a first metal; a lower etching stopper film on the conductive pattern, extending in parallel with a top surface of the first interlayer insulating film, and including a second metal; and a second interlayer insulating film on the upper etching stopper film and the lower etching stopper film, wherein a distance from a top surface of the second interlayer insulating film to a top surface of the upper etching stopper film is smaller than a distance from the top surface of the second interlayer insulating film to a top surface of the lower etching stopper film.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device including a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other; a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and an electron transport layer disposed between the light emitting layer and the second electrode. The light emitting layer includes a plurality of semiconductor nanoparticles, and the electron transport layer includes a plurality of zinc oxide nanoparticles, the zinc oxide nanoparticles further include magnesium and gallium.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a protein binding agent, or an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, which binds to a programmed death-1 (PD-1) protein. The present disclosure further provides a polynucleotide sequence encoding the protein binding agent, the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof, a vector comprising the polynucleotide sequence, or a host cell comprising the vector. Also, the present disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition or a kit, which comprises the protein binding agent, the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof.

Abstract: A breast cancer diagnosis system includes a probe that sequentially outputs light of a plurality of wavelengths of a near-infrared area to a target object, receives reflected light, and sequentially processes the reflected light; a central control device that receives optical data of the reflected light sensed by the probe, calculates a concentration of chromophore of the target object for each chromophore, and generates an image of the chromophores indicating a distribution of the concentration value of each chromophore; and a display that outputs the image, in which in the probe, one or more channel signal processing units including one or more light irradiation modules and light collection modules may be disposed, and each of the channel signal processing units sequentially operates so that each of the channel signal processing units may generate the optical data of the reflected light.

Abstract: A management server for providing behavioral habit improvement includes a communication module, a memory configured to store a behavioral habit improvement service providing program, and a processor configured to execute the program, wherein the processor executes the program to provide a user terminal with a user interface that allows an input of behavior pattern information including behavioral habits, a trigger, and a solution, and period information for implementing the behavior pattern information, to match the behavior pattern information, the period information, and user identification information input from the user terminal, to store the matched information in a database, to generate a behavior pattern feed that displays the behavioral habits, the trigger, and the solution on one screen, and to provide the behavior pattern feed through the user interface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for analyzing a body component, which is performed by a computing device including at least one processor according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The method may include: acquiring a first measurement value measured in tissue to be measured by using a first device; acquiring a chromophore concentration value measured in the tissue to be measured by using a second device different from the first device; training a neural network model by using training data generated based on the first measurement value and the chromophore concentration value; and when the training of the neural network model is completed, acquiring a prediction value of a chromophore concentration by inputting a second measurement value measured in a specific tissue by using the first device into the neural network model.

Abstract: The present invention relates to administration methods and dosage regimens for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases using trametinib and markers. The administration methods and dosage regimens induce neural regeneration and changes in gene expression.

Abstract: Provided is a frequency domain (FD)-based multi-wavelength bio-signal analyzing apparatus including: four or more light sources configured to irradiate frequency-modulated light at four or more different discrete wavelengths; at least one light detector configured to detect an output light reflected and introduced from a subject; and a processing circuit connected to the four or more light sources and the at least one light detector and configured to calculate a scattering coefficient and an absorption coefficient at each discrete wavelength based on an output light detected by the at least one light detector and calculate a concentration of a chromophore present in the subject based on the scattering coefficient and the absorption coefficient at each discrete wavelength. Herein, the processing circuit drives at least two of the four or more light sources based on the chromophore present in the subject.

Abstract: A bio-signal analysis method uses a bio-signal analysis apparatus for analyzing a bio-signal based on output light emitted from an object after being output from a light source, and includes a step of providing a classification unit machine-trained based on training data in which measurement values for each wavelength of the output light and concentration for each of a plurality of chromophore materials match each other; a step of inputting the measurement values of the output light emitted from the object measured by the bio-signal analysis apparatus into the classification unit; and a step of outputting chromophore concentration output from the classification unit with respect to the input. At this time, the light source includes a plurality of light emitting elements for emitting output light having different wavelengths.

Abstract: A signal processing device that processes a bio-signal includes a lock-in amplifier chip configured to output a frequency-modulated modulation signal and enable one or more light sources to be driven in response to the modulation signal, and a multiplexer configured to receive and multiplex light sensing signals output from the light sources and then measured by multiple light measurement units, and the lock-in amplifier chip sequentially demodulates the multiple light sensing signals transmitted through the multiplexer.

Abstract: A signal processing device that processes a bio-signal includes a lock-in amplifier chip configured to output a frequency-modulated modulation signal and enable one or more light sources to be driven in response to the modulation signal, and a multiplexer configured to receive and multiplex light sensing signals output from the light sources and then measured by multiple light measurement units, and the lock-in amplifier chip sequentially demodulates the multiple light sensing signals transmitted through the multiplexer.

Abstract: An apparatus for fabricating a semiconductor device includes a chamber, a processing part inside the chamber, a gas injection pipe connected to the chamber, a gas pumping pipe connected to the chamber, and a baffle assembly embedded in a chamber wall, and the baffle assembly includes a baffle plate having baffle holes, and a baffle guide surrounding an outer surface of the baffle plate.

Abstract: A method of calculating a thickness of a layer may include forming the layer on a substrate in a chamber, measuring optical emission spectrum data from the chamber, and calculating the thickness of the layer from the optical emission spectrum data. A method of forming a layer may include depositing the layer on a substrate in a chamber, measuring optical emission spectrum data from the chamber, calculating a thickness of the layer using the optical emission spectrum data, and ending the depositing of the layer when the calculated thickness of the layer is within a target thickness range.

Abstract: A metal layer can be formed in an integrated circuit by forming a metal-nitride layer in a recess including a first concentration of nitrogen in the metal-nitride layer at a bottom of the recess that is less than a second concentration of nitrogen in the metal-nitride layer proximate an opening of the recess. A metal layer can be formed on the metal-nitride layer including in the recess.