Abstract: An image sensor according to inventive concepts includes a substrate including a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a unit pixel having four sides; a photoelectric conversion device formed in the unit pixel; a floating diffusion region formed contacting the first surface in the unit pixel and overlapping with a center region of the photoelectric conversion device in a first direction perpendicular to the first surface; a gate electrode, in the unit pixel, overlapping with some portions of the floating diffusion region and formed along a first set of sides that comprises at least one side of the four sides; and a set of transistors, in the unit pixel, overlapping with some portions of the floating diffusion region and formed along a second set of sides that comprises at least two sides of the four sides, which are different from the first set of sides.

Abstract: An image sensor according to inventive concepts includes a substrate including a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a unit pixel having four sides; a photoelectric conversion device formed in the unit pixel; a floating diffusion region formed contacting the first surface in the unit pixel and overlapping with a center region of the photoelectric conversion device in a first direction perpendicular to the first surface; a gate electrode, in the unit pixel, overlapping with some portions of the floating diffusion region and formed along a first set of sides that comprises at least one side of the four sides; and a set of transistors, in the unit pixel, overlapping with some portions of the floating diffusion region and formed along a second set of sides that comprises at least two sides of the four sides, which are different from the first set of sides.

Abstract: A method of fabricating the body of the portable electronic device as well as the resulting portable electronic device and its body are provided to facilitate the transmission of radio frequency signals through the body of the portable electronic device. In the context of a method, at least one aperture and, in some instances, a plurality of apertures are defined by laser perforation through a conductive portion of the body of the portable electronic device. The method may also anodize the conductive portion including at least partially filling the at least one aperture with an anodization layer. As such, the conductive portion of the body of the portable electronic device has a relatively consistent, metallic appearance, even though laser perforation apertures are defined therein for supporting the transmission of radio frequency signals.

Abstract: An antenna, a portable electronic device incorporating an antenna and a method of operation are provided to enable both wide and multiple frequency band response. The antenna may include a feeding arm and a parasitic element. The feeding arm may include a conductive loop antenna and a conductive excitation arm portion. The loop antenna portion may extend from a first end that is configured to be grounded to a second end that is configured to be driven by radio frequency circuitry. The excitation arm may be coupled at a first end to the loop antenna portion and extend outwardly therefrom to an open end. The parasitic element may extend from a first end is configured to be grounded to a second end that is open. The parasitic element may extend along opposite sides of the excitation arm portion so as to be coupled thereto.

Abstract: An antenna, a portable electronic device incorporating an antenna and a method of operation are provided to enable both wide and multiple frequency band response. The antenna may include a feeding arm and a parasitic element. The feeding arm may include a conductive loop antenna and a conductive excitation arm portion. The loop antenna portion may extend from a first end that is configured to be grounded to a second end that is configured to be driven by radio frequency circuitry. The excitation arm may be coupled at a first end to the loop antenna portion and extend outwardly therefrom to an open end. The parasitic element may extend from a first end is configured to be grounded to a second end that is open. The parasitic element may extend along opposite sides of the excitation arm portion so as to be coupled thereto.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an antenna structure for mobile devices are described. In one or more embodiments a multi-band antenna includes a grounded parasitic element. In some embodiments, a high band arm is provided, and is fed off-center, so that the resonating arms are not symmetrical in length. In some embodiments, a coupled ground resonator is included to add a differential resonating mode. A ground leg may be included to offer facilitate impedance and inductance matching. The combination of these structures creates four distinct resonance modes for the high band, which creases a wide effective bandwidth for the disclosed antenna. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method of fabricating the body of the portable electronic device as well as the resulting portable electronic device and its body are provided to facilitate the transmission of radio frequency signals through the body of the portable electronic device. In the context of a method, at least one aperture and, in some instances, a plurality of apertures are defined by laser perforation through a conductive portion of the body of the portable electronic device. The method may also anodize the conductive portion including at least partially filling the at least one aperture with an anodization layer. As such, the conductive portion of the body of the portable electronic device has a relatively consistent, metallic appearance, even though laser perforation apertures are defined therein for supporting the transmission of radio frequency signals.

Abstract: A method (1400) and an RF circuit (100, 400, 700, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300) for a wireless communication device that mitigates near field radiation generated by the wireless communication device. At least one counterpoise (104, 404, 1304) can be configured to resonate at or near at least one operating frequency of an antenna (102) of the wireless communication device. The antenna can be a component of the RF circuit. The counterpoise can be electromagnetically coupled to the antenna to mitigate near field radiation of the antenna at the at least one operating frequency of the antenna in order to comply with an applicable hearing aid compatibility (HAC) specification.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an antenna structure for mobile devices are described. In one or more embodiments a multi-band antenna includes a multi-band antenna with a conductive cosmetic feature operating as a resonating element. In some embodiments, an antenna includes a folded monopole element, a loop element formed between a portion of the conductive cosmetic feature and the printed circuit board and an L-shaped slot antenna element defined in part by a side surface of the conductive cosmetic feature. In some embodiments the folded monopole element, the loop element, and the slot antenna element are capable of resonating in response to a signal applied to the folded monopole element. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an antenna structure for mobile devices are described. In one or more embodiments a multi-band antenna includes first, second and third resonating elements. The first and second resonating elements may each have an L-shape, and may be fed by a single feed leg. The third resonating element may be coupled to ground. In some embodiments, the first resonating element may be longer than the second resonating element, and the third resonating element may be positioned adjacent to the first resonating element. In other embodiments, a tuning element is coupled to the signal feed and is positioned adjacent to the second resonating element. The tuning element may have a geometry that is similar to a geometry of the second resonating element. The combination of these structures creates a plurality of distinct resonance modes which creases a wide effective bandwidth for the disclosed antenna. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method to create multiple signals by utilizing the ground plane as part of the antenna. The apparatus comprises an excitation structure that includes a first segment and a second segment joined to form an angle, the first segment to generate a first signal and the second segment to generate a second signal. The apparatus also includes a ground plane that includes a slot with a perimeter, the excitation structure residing within the perimeter of the slot. Further, the apparatus also includes at least one ground arm coupled to the ground plane and formed from at least a portion of the perimeter of the slot, the at least one ground arm to generate a third signal from at least one of the first signal or the second signal.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an antenna structure for mobile devices are described. In one or more embodiments a multi-band antenna includes a grounded parasitic element. In some embodiments, a high band arm is provided, and is fed off-center, so that the resonating arms are not symmetrical in length. In some embodiments, a coupled ground resonator is included to add a differential resonating mode. A ground leg may be included to offer facilitate impedance and inductance matching. The combination of these structures creates four distinct resonance modes for the high band, which creases a wide effective bandwidth for the disclosed antenna. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An antenna includes a U-shaped radiator portion having a first extending arm and a second extending arm parallel and adjacent the first extending arm and coupled to the first extending arm by a junction portion, where the first and second extending arms and the junction portion defining a slot. The antenna further includes a ground plane physically coupled only to the first extending arm and a distributed feed element disposed at least partially within the slot and operable to radiate electromagnetic signals within a first frequency range and electrically excite at least portions of the radiator portion at at least a second frequency range having frequencies outside the first frequency range, thereby causing the radiator portion to radiate electromagnetic signals within the second frequency range.

Abstract: A method (1400) and an RF circuit (100, 400, 700, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300) for a wireless communication device that mitigates near field radiation generated by the wireless communication device. At least one counterpoise (104, 404, 1304) can be configured to resonate at or near at least one operating frequency of an antenna (102) of the wireless communication device. The antenna can be a component of the RF circuit. The counterpoise can be electromagnetically coupled to the antenna to mitigate near field radiation of the antenna at the at least one operating frequency of the antenna in order to comply with an applicable hearing aid compatibility (HAC) specification.

Abstract: A “candy bar” form factor wireless handset (200) having an internal antenna (222, 306) a bottom end of an main internal circuit board (208) and an auxiliary field shaping conductor (226, 502, 1102, 1304) at a top end of the main internal circuit board (208) behind the an earpiece speaker (104). The field shaping conductor (226, 502, 1102, 1304) is spaced from a ground plane 304) of the main circuit board (208) but is inductively and capacitively coupled to the ground plane (304). The field shaping conductor (226, 502, 1102, 1304) lowers the electric field intensity in front of the earpiece speaker and thereby reduces interference of the wireless handset (200) with hearing aids.

Abstract: An antenna includes a U-shaped radiator portion having a first extending arm and a second extending arm parallel and adjacent the first extending arm and coupled to the first extending arm by a junction portion, where the first and second extending arms and the junction portion defining a slot. The antenna further includes a ground plane physically coupled only to the first extending arm and a distributed feed element disposed at least partially within the slot and operable to radiate electromagnetic signals within a first frequency range and electrically excite at least portions of the radiator portion at at least a second frequency range having frequencies outside the first frequency range, thereby causing the radiator portion to radiate electromagnetic signals within the second frequency range.

Abstract: A “candy bar” form factor wireless handset (200) having an internal antenna (222, 306) a bottom end of an main internal circuit board (208) and an auxiliary field shaping conductor (226, 502, 1102, 1304) at a top end of the main internal circuit board (208) behind the an earpiece speaker (104). The field shaping conductor (226, 502, 1102, 1304) is spaced from a ground plane 304) of the main circuit board (208) but is inductively and capacitively coupled to the ground plane (304). The field shaping conductor (226, 502, 1102, 1304) lowers the electric field intensity in front of the earpiece speaker and thereby reduces interference of the wireless handset (200) with hearing aids.