Abstract: A cigarette filter which includes lyocell tow made of a plurality of lyocell fibers and a binder configured to bond the lyocell fibers to each other is provided. The cigarette filter according to one embodiment of the present disclosure reduces each of tar and nicotine, which are delivered through cigarette smoke, by 70% to 95%. The cigarette filter according to one embodiment of the present disclosure has a resistance to draw of 80 mmWG to 200 mmWG. The cigarette filter according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is filled with the lyocell tow at a packing density of 0.2 g/mL to 0.6 g/mL. The cigarette filter according to one embodiment of the present disclosure addresses basic material-related problems, such as low hardness, of the lyocell tow and, further, has excellent filtration functionality as a filter.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a smoking article filter which includes lyocell tow including lyocell fibers, a binder solution, and filter wrapping paper, and has 90% or higher biodegradation within 6 months according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D6691 under marine conditions at 30° C., and a smoking article including the smoking article filter.

Abstract: A display device includes: a bendable display panel including a flat area and bendable areas; and a support module disposed on the display panel, wherein the support module supports the display panel, wherein the support module includes a support plate and joints, wherein the support plate overlaps the flat area and the bendable areas and includes lattice pattern areas including lattice patterns, and wherein the joints are disposed on the support plate, are disposed to overlap with the bendable areas, and are spaced apart from one another in the first direction. Each of the joints has a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the top surface is disposed on the support plate, and the bottom surface is opposite to the top surface, and a width of each of the top surfaces of the joints is less than a width of each of the bottom surfaces of the joints.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a material for organic EL elements, the material being excellent in hole injecting/transporting performance, electron-blocking capability, stability in the form of a thin film, and durability. Another object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL element having high efficiency, a low driving voltage, and a long lifespan, by combining the aforementioned material with various materials for organic EL elements, the materials being excellent in hole/electron injecting/transporting performance, electron-blocking capability, stability in the form of a thin film, and durability, such that the properties of the individual materials can be effectively exhibited.

Abstract: A display device is disclosed that includes a substrate, a first metal layer disposed on the substrate, an active layer disposed on the first metal layer, a second metal layer disposed on the active layer, a third metal layer disposed on the second metal layer, a fourth metal layer disposed on the third metal layer, and a transistor and a capacitor disposed on the substrate. The transistor includes a gate electrode disposed in at least any one of the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and a drain electrode, a source electrode and an active region disposed in the active layer, The capacitor includes a first capacitor including a first electrode disposed in the first metal layer and a second electrode disposed in the second metal layer, a second capacitor including the second electrode and a third electrode disposed in the third metal layer, and a third capacitor including the third electrode and a fourth electrode disposed in the fourth metal layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a via layer disposed on a substrate and including a via groove having a shape recessed from a first surface to a second surface of the via layer. A first electrode is disposed on the first surface. A pixel-defining film is disposed on the via layer and the first electrode. A first pixel-defining film through-hole passes through the pixel-defining film in a thickness direction and exposes the first electrode. A second pixel-defining film through-hole passes through the pixel-defining film in the thickness direction. The second pixel-defining film through-hole is spaced apart from the first pixel-defining film through-hole and overlaps the via groove. An emission layer is disposed on an exposed portion of the first electrode. A protrusion is disposed on the pixel-defining film and includes a protrusion through-hole which passes through the protrusion in the thickness direction and overlaps the second pixel-defining film through-hole.

Abstract: A display device includes a via layer disposed on a substrate and including a via groove having a shape recessed from a first surface to a second surface of the via layer. A first electrode is disposed on the first surface. A pixel-defining film is disposed on the via layer and the first electrode. A first pixel-defining film through-hole passes through the pixel-defining film in a thickness direction and exposes the first electrode. A second pixel-defining film through-hole passes through the pixel-defining film in the thickness direction. The second pixel-defining film through-hole is spaced apart from the first pixel-defining film through-hole and overlaps the via groove. An emission layer is disposed on an exposed portion of the first electrode. A protrusion is disposed on the pixel-defining film and includes a protrusion through-hole which passes through the protrusion in the thickness direction and overlaps the second pixel-defining film through-hole.

Abstract: An inspecting device of a display panel includes a contact including first probe pins that contact to data pads of a display panel and second probe pins that contact to common voltage pads of the display panel, a signal generator coupled to the first probe pins, the signal generator configured to generate a first data voltage corresponding to a first gray level and a second data voltage corresponding to a second gray level, a power generator coupled to the second probe pins, the power generator configured to generate a first common voltage and a second common voltage of which a voltage level is different from a voltage level of the second common voltage, and a defect detector configured to detect a defect of the display panel by removing a contact noise generated due to contact failure of the first probe pins and the second probe pins.

Abstract: A display panel inspection system includes a camera to image respective frames of a mother substrate in a frame-by-frame manner, a stage to move the mother substrate relative to the camera, an image obtaining unit to store frames imaged by the camera, a gray level extracting unit that obtains gray level values of the frames, a frame matching unit that searches and matches two frames that match each other among the frames imaged by the camera, a correcting unit that performs correction on one of two frames matched with each other in consideration of an alignment error and an image distortion between the two frames, and a comparing unit that compares the gray level values of the two frames matched with each other, after the correction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a display device includes preparing a target panel including a first substrate and a second substrate disposed on one surface of the first substrate, the target panel including a sealing area between the first substrate and the second substrate, making sealing light be incident in the sealing area and receiving at least a part of the sealing light reflected from the sealing area, generating first data including at least one parameter of intensity, energy, current, and voltage, and determining whether sealing is defective by comparing the first data and prestored second data.

Abstract: In a device for detecting a defect, the device includes: an image pickup unit including pixels, the image pickup unit generating a substrate image by picking up an image of a substrate having patterns formed on a top surface thereof; and a controller for detecting a defect located on the substrate, based on the substrate image, wherein the substrate image includes pattern images corresponding to the patterns, wherein each of the pattern images includes pixel values, wherein the controller detects the defect by comparing weights of pixel values for each of the pattern images.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, a display substrate includes a gate metal pattern comprising a gate electrode, an active pattern disposed on the gate pattern and a source metal pattern disposed on the active pattern. The source metal pattern includes a first lower pattern disposed on the active pattern, a second lower pattern disposed on the first lower pattern, a low-resistance metal pattern disposed on the second lower pattern, and an upper pattern disposed on the low-resistance metal pattern. The first lower pattern, the second lower pattern, and the upper pattern each include a material that is the same.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a lower display panel including a lower polarizing plate disposed between a lower transparent substrate and a passivation layer of the lower display panel; and an upper display panel including an upper polarizing plate disposed between an upper transparent substrate and a passivation layer of the upper display panel, wherein at least one of the lower polarizing plate and the upper polarizing plate is a reflection type polarizing plate and includes a plurality of linear patterns arranged so as to be extended in one direction and a hydrophobic layer covering at least portion of side wall portions of the linear patterns.

Abstract: An inspecting device of a display panel includes a contact including first probe pins that contact to data pads of a display panel and second probe pins that contact to common voltage pads of the display panel, a signal generator coupled to the first probe pins, the signal generator configured to generate a first data voltage corresponding to a first gray level and a second data voltage corresponding to a second gray level, a power generator coupled to the second probe pins, the power generator configured to generate a first common voltage and a second common voltage of which a voltage level is different from a voltage level of the second common voltage, and a defect detector configured to detect a defect of the display panel by removing a contact noise generated due to contact failure of the first probe pins and the second probe pins.

Abstract: A display panel inspection system includes a camera to image respective frames of a mother substrate in a frame-by-frame manner, a stage to move the mother substrate relative to the camera, an image obtaining unit to store frames imaged by the camera, a gray level extracting unit that obtains gray level values of the frames, a frame matching unit that searches and matches two frames that match each other among the frames imaged by the camera, a correcting unit that performs correction on one of two frames matched with each other in consideration of an alignment error and an image distortion between the two frames, and a comparing unit that compares the gray level values of the two frames matched with each other, after the correction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a display device includes preparing a target panel including a first substrate and a second substrate disposed on one surface of the first substrate, the target panel including a sealing area between the first substrate and the second substrate, making sealing light be incident in the sealing area and receiving at least a part of the sealing light reflected from the sealing area, generating first data including at least one parameter of intensity, energy, current, and voltage, and determining whether sealing is defective by comparing the first data and prestored second data.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, a display substrate includes a gate metal pattern comprising a gate electrode, an active pattern disposed on the gate pattern and a source metal pattern disposed on the active pattern. The source metal pattern includes a first lower pattern disposed on the active pattern, a second lower pattern disposed on the first lower pattern, a low-resistance metal pattern disposed on the second lower pattern, and an upper pattern disposed on the low-resistance metal pattern. The first lower pattern, the second lower pattern, and the upper pattern each include a material that is the same.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, a display substrate includes a gate metal pattern comprising a gate electrode, an active pattern disposed on the gate pattern and a source metal pattern disposed on the active pattern. The source metal pattern includes a first lower pattern disposed on the active pattern, a second lower pattern disposed on the first lower pattern, a low-resistance metal pattern disposed on the second lower pattern, and an upper pattern disposed on the low-resistance metal pattern. The first lower pattern, the second lower pattern, and the upper pattern each include a material that is the same.

Abstract: In a device for detecting a defect, the device includes: an image pickup unit including pixels, the image pickup unit generating a substrate image by picking up an image of a substrate having patterns formed on a top surface thereof; and a controller for detecting a defect located on the substrate, based on the substrate image, wherein the substrate image includes pattern images corresponding to the patterns, wherein each of the pattern images includes pixel values, wherein the controller detects the defect by comparing weights of pixel values for each of the pattern images.

Abstract: A laser crystallization measuring apparatus including a spectrometer configured to measure actual data of a spectrum of an actual polycrystalline silicon layer crystallized by a laser crystallization device, and a simulation device that is connected to the spectrometer and is configured to determine simulation data of a spectrum of a virtual polycrystalline silicon layer according to a shape of a virtual protrusion formed in the virtual polycrystalline silicon layer, wherein a shape of an actual protrusion formed in the actual polycrystalline silicon layer is determined by using final data determined by selecting simulation data that is approximate to the actual data.