Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate having first and second surfaces opposite each other, including first and second pixels adjacent to each other, a device isolation portion isolating the first and second pixels from each other in the substrate, a transfer gate on the first surface of the first and second pixels, a ground region in one of the first and second pixels, and a first color filter and a micro lens array layer stacked on the second surface. The deep device isolation portion includes first and second isolation portions vertically overlapping and spaced apart. The first isolation portion includes a first conductive pattern extending from the first surface toward the second surface, a high-concentration doped pattern on the first conductive pattern, and an insulating pattern between the first conductive pattern and the high-concentration doped pattern. The ground region and high-concentration doped pattern include dopants having the same conductivity type.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate having a plurality of pixel regions and a deep device isolation pattern disposed in the substrate between the pixel regions. The pixel regions include first, second, third, and fourth pixel regions, which are adjacent to each other in first and second directions. The deep device isolation pattern includes first portions interposed between the first and second pixel regions and between the third and fourth pixel regions and spaced apart from each other in the second direction, and second portions interposed between the first and third pixel regions and between the second and fourth pixel regions and spaced apart from each other in the first direction. The first pixel region includes a first extended active pattern, which is extended to the second pixel region in the first direction and is disposed between the first portions of the deep device isolation pattern.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array including first pixels and second pixels, each of the first and second pixels including photodiodes, a sampling circuit detecting a reset voltage and a pixel voltage from the first and second pixels and generating an analog signal, an analog-to-digital converter image data from the analog signal, and a signal processing circuit generating an image using the image data. Each of the first pixels includes a first conductivity-type well separating the photodiodes and having impurities of a first conductivity-type. The photodiodes have impurities of a second conductivity-type different from the first conductivity-type. Each of the second pixels includes a second conductivity-type well separating the photodiodes and having impurities of the second conductivity-type different from the first conductivity-type. A potential level of the second conductivity-type well is higher than a potential level of the first conductivity-type well.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a gate line, a data line, a gate driver outputting a gate signal to the gate line, a data driver outputting a data voltage to the data line and a power voltage generator. The power voltage generator generates a gate-on voltage, a gate-off voltage, and a gate clock signal toggled between the gate-on voltage and the gate-off voltage, detects a current level of a gate clock current, cuts off power of the display device when a count of the gate clock current higher than or equal to a first current level is greater than or equal to a reference count, and cuts off the power of the display device when the gate clock current is higher than or equal to a second current level higher than the first current level in an initial frame after the display device is turned on.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a pixel array outputting a pixel signal; and a column wiring unit including at least one first column routing wiring extending from the pixel array and including a first connection wiring portion and a protrusion and at least one second column routing wiring including a second connection wiring portion, wherein a sum of lengths of the at least one first connection wiring portion and the protrusion is substantially identical to a length of the at least one second connection wiring portion; and a readout circuit receiving the pixel signal from the column wiring unit.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a gate line, a data line, a gate driver outputting a gate signal to the gate line, a data driver outputting a data voltage to the data line and a power voltage generator. The power voltage generator generates a gate-on voltage, a gate-off voltage, and a gate clock signal toggled between the gate-on voltage and the gate-off voltage, detects a current level of a gate clock current, cuts off power of the display device when a count of the gate clock current higher than or equal to a first current level is greater than or equal to a reference count, and cuts off the power of the display device when the gate clock current is higher than or equal to a second current level higher than the first current level in an initial frame after the display device is turned on.

Abstract: Example embodiments include a method and an electronic device for detecting and removing artifacts/degradations in media. Embodiments may detect artifacts and/or degradations in the media based on tag information indicating at least one artifact included in the media. The detection may be triggered automatically or manually. Embodiments may generate artifact/quality tag information associated with the media to indicate artifacts and/or degradations present in the media, and may store the artifact/quality tag information as metadata and/or in a database. Embodiments may identify, based on the artifact/quality tag information associated with the media, at least one artificial intelligence (AI)-based media processing model to be applied to the media to enhance the media. The at least one AI-based media processing model may be configured to enhance at least one artifact detected in the media. Embodiments may enhance the media by applying the at least one AI-based media enhancement model to the media.

Abstract: A method of operating a display device includes: receiving image data at an input frame frequency; generating a modulated clock signal by modulating an input clock signal according to a modulation frequency; randomly selecting an output frame frequency within a data frequency selection range, the input frame frequency being within the data frequency selection range; determining an output start timing of the image data based on the output frame frequency; initiating, at the output start timing, output of the image data in synchronization with the modulated clock signal; and displaying an image based on the outputted image data.

Abstract: A method of operating a display device includes: receiving image data at an input frame frequency; generating a modulated clock signal by modulating an input clock signal according to a modulation frequency; randomly selecting an output frame frequency within a data frequency selection range, the input frame frequency being within the data frequency selection range; determining an output start timing of the image data based on the output frame frequency; initiating, at the output start timing, output of the image data in synchronization with the modulated clock signal; and displaying an image based on the outputted image data.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array including first pixels and second pixels, each of the first and second pixels including photodiodes, a sampling circuit detecting a reset voltage and a pixel voltage from the first and second pixels and generating an analog signal, an analog-to-digital converter image data from the analog signal, and a signal processing circuit generating an image using the image data. Each of the first pixels includes a first conductivity-type well separating the photodiodes and having impurities of a first conductivity-type. The photodiodes have impurities of a second conductivity-type different from the first conductivity-type. Each of the second pixels includes a second conductivity-type well separating the photodiodes and having impurities of the second conductivity-type different from the first conductivity-type. A potential level of the second conductivity-type well is higher than a potential level of the first conductivity-type well.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a gate driver, a data driver, and a power voltage generator. The power voltage generator provides a power voltage to at least one of the display panel, the gate driver, and the data driver. The power voltage generator generates a gate-on voltage, a gate-off voltage, and a gate clock signal toggling between the gate-on voltage and the gate-off voltage. The power voltage generator detects a voltage level of the gate clock signal before toggling the gate clock signal and after turning on the display apparatus and changes a supply pattern of the power voltage based on the gate clock signal having a first abnormal voltage level out of a first predetermined normal range.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a photodiode generating a charge in response to light, a transfer transistor connecting the photodiode and a floating diffusion, a reset transistor connected between the floating diffusion and a power node, a boosting capacitor connected to the floating diffusion, and adjusting a capacity of the floating diffusion in response to a boosting control signal, and a bias circuit having first and second current circuits for supplying different bias currents to an output node to which a voltage signal corresponding to a charge accumulated in the floating diffusion is output. The boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level after the transfer transistor is turned off, and the reset transistor is switched from a turned on state to a turned off state when the bias currents of the first and second current circuits are simultaneously provided to the output node.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a pixel array outputting a pixel signal; and a column wiring unit including at least one first column routing wiring extending from the pixel array and including a first connection wiring portion and a protrusion and at least one second column routing wiring including a second connection wiring portion, wherein a sum of lengths of the at least one first connection wiring portion and the protrusion is substantially identical to a length of the at least one second connection wiring portion; and a readout circuit receiving the pixel signal from the column wiring unit.

Abstract: A method of operating a display device includes: receiving image data at an input frame frequency; generating a modulated clock signal by modulating an input clock signal according to a modulation frequency; randomly selecting an output frame frequency within a data frequency selection range, the input frame frequency being within the data frequency selection range; determining an output start timing of the image data based on the output frame frequency; initiating, at the output start timing, output of the image data in synchronization with the modulated clock signal; and displaying an image based on the outputted image data.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a timing controller and a data driver. The display panel includes a data line and first and second pixels connected to the data line. The timing controller generates a data signal and a data kickback control signal in response to input image data. The data driver generates first and second data voltages in response to the data signal, generates a data kickback signal in response to the data kickback control signal, processes the data voltages and the data kickback signal, and outputs the first data voltage to the data line during a first duration, the second data voltage to the data line during a second duration, and a first kickback data voltage to the data line during a first data kickback duration. The first data kickback duration is between the first and second durations.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a timing controller and a data driver. The display panel includes a data line and first and second pixels connected to the data line. The timing controller generates a data signal and a data kickback control signal in response to input image data. The data driver generates first and second data voltages in response to the data signal, generates a data kickback signal in response to the data kickback control signal, processes the data voltages and the data kickback signal, and outputs the first data voltage to the data line during a first duration, the second data voltage to the data line during a second duration, and a first kickback data voltage to the data line during a first data kickback duration. The first data kickback duration is between the first and second durations.

Abstract: An overcharge protection apparatus including: a first battery manager to monitor whether or not a battery module including at least one battery cell is overcharged, the first battery manager including a first switch to be turned on when the battery module is overcharged; a second battery manager including a second switch to be turned on by an external cutoff signal; a cutoff switch connected to the first and second battery managers, and to be turned on by the first switch or the second switch; and an overcharge controller to receive a control signal by the cutoff switch, and to generate an internal cutoff signal in response to the control signal.

Abstract: CMOS image sensors are provided. A CMOS image sensor may include a semiconductor substrate including a light-receiving region and a logic region adjacent the light-receiving region. The CMOS image sensor may include a photoelectric conversion region in the light-receiving region. Moreover, the CMOS image sensor may include an isolation region including an interface with a sidewall of the photoelectric conversion region. The isolation region may include a first refractive index that is smaller than a second refractive index of the semiconductor substrate, and the isolation region may be between the logic region and the sidewall of the photoelectric conversion region.

Abstract: CMOS image sensors are provided. A CMOS image sensor may include a semiconductor substrate including a light-receiving region and a logic region adjacent the light-receiving region. The CMOS image sensor may include a photoelectric conversion region in the light-receiving region. Moreover, the CMOS image sensor may include an isolation region including an interface with a sidewall of the photoelectric conversion region. The isolation region may include a first refractive index that is smaller than a second refractive index of the semiconductor substrate, and the isolation region may be between the logic region and the sidewall of the photoelectric conversion region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wireless positioning system and method that can perform a high-precision position tracking. The wireless positioning system includes a target device that is an object of wireless positioning, beacon devices and a processing unit. The beacon devices transmits wireless signals and sense reception time points of the wireless signals transmitted from the other beacon devices and the target device and received at time points after the transmission of the wireless signal. The target device receives the wireless signal transmitted from at least one of the beacon devices, and then transmits the wireless signal to the beacon devices. The processing unit obtains the position of the target device by calculating distances between the beacon devices and the target device using information about the reception time points of the wireless signals sensed by the respective beacon devices.