Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure discloses tobacco material including: a center portion including a flavor material; and an outer portion including a tobacco mixture, wherein the outer portion surrounds the center portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display device includes aligning light emitting elements in an emission area on a substrate, depositing an indium-tin alloy on an entire surface of the substrate at room temperature, heat-treating the indium-tin alloy to reflow along side surfaces of each of the light emitting elements, heat-treating the indium-tin alloy in an oxygen atmosphere to form indium tin oxide, and etching the indium tin oxide to form a first pixel electrode contacting first ends of at least a portion of the light emitting elements.

Abstract: Proposed is a terminal coupling structure of an electric actuator in which a press rib is installed on the end of a contact plate such that a contact protrusion and a motor assembly terminal are more securely in contact with each other.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel including a first subpixel having a first primary color, a second subpixel having a second primary color; and a transparent subpixel; a panel driver which sets grayscale data of the first subpixel, the second subpixel and the transparent subpixel; a light source part which provides light to the display panel, where the light source comprises a first light source and a second light source having colors different from each other; and a light source driver which turns on the first light source during a first subframe, turns on the second light source during a second subframe, and turns on the first light source during a third subframe, and a first frame comprises the first subframe, the second subframe and the third subframe.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel including a first subpixel having a first primary color, a second subpixel having a second primary color; and a transparent subpixel; a panel driver which sets grayscale data of the first subpixel, the second subpixel and the transparent subpixel; a light source part which provides light to the display panel, where the light source comprises a first light source and a second light source having colors different from each other; and a light source driver which turns on the first light source during a first subframe, turns on the second light source during a second subframe, and turns on the first light source during a third subframe, and a first frame comprises the first subframe, the second subframe and the third subframe.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a base substrate, a first dielectric layer, a first lattice pattern, a second lattice pattern, and a second dielectric layer. The first lattice pattern is disposed on the first dielectric layer at a first color pixel region. The first lattice pattern includes a plurality of first nano metal wires. The second lattice pattern is disposed on the first dielectric layer at a second color pixel region. The second lattice pattern includes a plurality of second nano metal wires. The second nano metal wires have different dimensions from the first nano metal wires. The second dielectric layer covers the first nano metal wires and the second nano metal wires.

Abstract: A display substrate includes a base substrate, a first dielectric layer, a first lattice pattern, a second lattice pattern, and a second dielectric layer. The first lattice pattern is disposed on the first dielectric layer at a first color pixel region. The first lattice pattern includes a plurality of first nano metal wires. The second lattice pattern is disposed on the first dielectric layer at a second color pixel region. The second lattice pattern includes a plurality of second nano metal wires. The second nano metal wires have different dimensions from the first nano metal wires. The second dielectric layer covers the first nano metal wires and the second nano metal wires.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, first to third electrodes formed on the first substrate, and a fourth electrode formed on the second substrate, wherein the first and second substrates include a main display region and an assistance display region, wherein the first and second electrodes form a horizontal electric field that is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the first and the second insulating substrates, and the third and fourth electrodes form a vertical electric field that is substantially perpendicular to the surfaces of the first and second substrates.

Abstract: An LCD includes a plurality of electro-optical switches (pixels), each electro-optical switch includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, wherein each molecule has a first portion with a first long axis (a motional axis) and a second portion with a second long axis (a control axis). Each molecule may further include a third (shorter) axis. The first axis and the second axis cross each other and each axis is orthogonal to the other two axes. The first portion of each liquid crystal molecule has a positive dielectric anisotropy while the second portion of each liquid crystal molecule may have either a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy. The LCD may further include a first panel, a second panel that is opposite to the first panel, two field-generating electrodes that are included for each pixel in at least one of the two panels, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules are interposed between the first panel and the second panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes a biaxial liquid crystal molecule and has improved response speed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first display panel including a pixel electrode, a second display panel spaced apart from and facing the first display panel, and a liquid crystal mixture disposed between the first and second display panels. The liquid crystal mixture contains liquid crystals represented by Formula (1): D-C-A-C?-D???(1).

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes a biaxial liquid crystal molecule and has improved response speed.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, first to third electrodes formed on the first substrate, and a fourth electrode formed on the second substrate, wherein the first and second substrates include a main display region and an assistance display region, wherein the first and second electrodes form a horizontal electric field that is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the first and the second insulating substrates, and the third and fourth electrodes form a vertical electric field that is substantially perpendicular to the surfaces of the first and second substrates.

Abstract: An LCD includes a plurality of electro-optical switches (pixels), each electro-optical switch includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, wherein each molecule has a first portion with a first long axis (a motional axis) and a second portion with a second long axis (a control axis). Each molecule may further include a third (shorter) axis. The first axis and the second axis cross each other and each axis is orthogonal to the other two axes. The first portion of each liquid crystal molecule has a positive dielectric anisotropy while the second portion of each liquid crystal molecule may have either a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy. The LCD may further include a first panel, a second panel that is opposite to the first panel, two field-generating electrodes that are included for each pixel in at least one of the two panels, and the plurality of liquid crystal molecules are interposed between the first panel and the second panel.

Abstract: An in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device includes opposed first and second panels, defining a gap therebetween, the first and second panels including first and second electrodes, spaced laterally apart in the gap. A quantity of a liquid crystal material is disposed in the gap between the first and second panels, wherein a product of a refractive anisotropy of the liquid crystal material and the gap between the first and second panels is in a range between 0.36 &mgr;m and 0.45 &mgr;m. Preferably, the gap between the first and second panels is in a range between 4 &mgr;m and 5 &mgr;m, and the refractive anisotropy is in a range between 0.067 and 1.1016.

Abstract: An in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device includes opposed first and second panels, defining a gap therebetween, the first and second panels including first and second electrodes, spaced laterally apart in the gap. A quantity of a liquid crystal material is disposed in the gap between the first and second panels, wherein a product of a refractive anisotropy of the liquid crystal material and the gap between the first and second panels is in a range between 0.36 &mgr;m and 0.45 &mgr;m. Preferably, the gap between the first and second panels is in a range between 4 &mgr;m and 5 &mgr;m, and the refractive anisotropy is in a range between 0.067 and 1.1016.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes first and second LCD panels in an opposed relationship defining a space therebetween. A respective one of the first and second LCD panels includes a substrate and two alignment layers on the substrate. A plurality of alignment regions are formed on the alignment layers which define a plurality of pixel areas, a respective one of the pixel areas having a first alignment surface on a first alignment region, the first alignment surface being operative to align molecules of a liquid crystal material in contact therewith toward a first direction, and a second alignment surface on an exposed portion of the second alignment layer disposed laterally adjacent the first alignment region, the second alignment region being operative to align molecules of the liquid crystal material in contact therewith toward a second direction opposite the first direction.