Abstract: Embodiments of the present application disclose an optical path coupling system and a control method for an optical path coupling system. The optical path coupling system comprises a laser input optical fiber, an optical path switching module, an optical path coupling module and a monitoring control module, wherein the optical path switching module comprises first photoelectric sensors, and the optical path coupling module comprises second photoelectric sensors. According to the present application, the monitoring control module outputs a first alarm signal according to one or both of a first signal and a second signal, so that the safety of the optical path coupling system can be improved.