Abstract: A production system includes a reaction chamber having an inlet and outlet, a gas collection chamber coupled with the reaction chamber and a regulator coupled to the gas collection chamber. The regulator controls the flow of reactant to the reaction chamber in response to the pressure in the gas collection chamber.

Abstract: A production system includes a reaction chamber having an inlet and outlet, a gas collection chamber coupled with the reaction chamber and a regulator coupled to the gas collection chamber. The regulator controls the flow of reactant to the reaction chamber in response to the pressure in the gas collection chamber.

Abstract: Selected portions of the orifice plate surfaces are formed to have wetting and non-wetting surface characteristics for minimizing the accumulation of residual ink on the outer surface of the plate and for enhancing the flow of supply ink to the orifices of the plate.

Abstract: Selected portions of the orifice plate surfaces are formed to have wetting and non-wetting surface characteristics for minimizing the accumulation of residual ink on the outer surface of the plate and for enhancing the flow of supply ink to the orifices of the plate.

Abstract: A dye which, in the free acid form, has the formula ##STR1## wherein W is COOHX is selected from H, COOH, SO.sub.3 H, halo, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, C.sub.1-6 -alkoxy and C.sub.1-6 -acylamino;Y is H, COOH or SO.sub.3 H;Z is H, COOH or SO.sub.3 H;R & R.sup.1 are each independently H or C.sub.1-6 -alkyl substituted by 0, 1 or 2 --COOR.sup.2 groups; andR.sup.2 is H or C.sub.1-6 -alkyl;provided that there are at least two COOH groups and that the number of COOH groups is equal to or greater than the number of SO.sub.3 H groups.The dye is adapted for the preparation of inks for use in ink jet printing in which it displays high water-fastness on paper.

Abstract: Inks for ink-jet printing have improved water resistance and smear resistance when they contain from about 2.5 to 25%, preferably from about 7.5% to about 12.5%, by weight, 2-pyrrolidone, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-pyrrolidone, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A print which has superior waterfastness can be made on paper from an ink-jet printer using an ink comprising a water soluble dye, water with or without a water soluble organic solvent, and sufficient polyalkylene polyamine to provide the ink with a pH of at least 10. About 2 to 10% urea may be added to the ink to reduce crusting of the ink.

Abstract: Inks are provided comprising (a) at least two dyes corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein W is COOH,X is H, or COOH,Y is H, COOH, or SO.sub.3 H,Z is H, COOH, or SO.sub.3 H, andR is H, CH.sub.2 COOH, or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH;with the proviso that there are at least two COOH groups and that the number of COOH groups is equal to or greater than the number of SO.sub.3 H groups, and (b) a solvent which may be water or a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent provide excellent waterfast prints on paper. The inks preferably have a pH from about 7 to about 9.5. Also preferably, a phosphate is added to reduce kogation and a metal chelating agent is added to further reduce nozzle clogging.

Abstract: A dye which, in the free acid form, has the formula ##STR1## wherein W is COOHX is selected from H, COOH, SO.sub.3 H, halo, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, C.sub.1-6 -alkoxy and C.sub.1-6 -acylamino;Y is H, COOH or SO.sub.3 H;Z is H, COOH or SO.sub.3 H;R & R.sup.1 are each independently H or C.sub.1-6 -alkyl substituted by 0, 1 or 2 --COOR.sup.2 groups; andR.sup.2 is H or C.sub.1-6 -alkyl;provided that there are at least two COOH groups and that the number of COOH groups is equal to or greater than the number of SO.sub.3 H groups.The dye is adapted for the preparation of inks for use in ink jet printing in which it displays high water-fastness on paper.

Abstract: Inks for ink-jet printing containing Direct Black 168 dye have improved water resistance when the sodium cations on the dye are replaced with cations selected from the group consisting of ammonium, polyfunctional, and volatile amine cations.

Abstract: Inks are provided comprising (a) a dye corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein W is COOH,X is H, or COOH,Y is H, COOH, or SO.sub.3 H,Z is H, COOH, or SO.sub.3 H, andR is H, CH.sub.2 COOH, or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH;with the proviso that there are at least two COOH groups and that the number of COOH groups is equal to or greater than the number of SO.sub.3 groups, and (b) a solvent which may be water or a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent provide excellent waterfast prints on paper. The inks preferably have a pH from about 7 to about 9.5.

Abstract: Inks for ink-jet printing have improved smear resistance when they contain from about 15 to 50%, preferably from about 20% to about 30%, formamide.

Abstract: A dye used in ink compositions for ink-jet printing comprises an aromatic dye molecule having attached to the backbone thereof from one to four polyhydroxyl-substituted groups having the formula selected from the group consisting of:(a) CH.sub.2 OH-(CHOH).sub.n CH.sub.2 O-, where n=2 to 10;(b) O.sub.n-1 C.sub.n H.sub.2n-1 -O-, where n=5 to 7; and(c) C.sub.6n H.sub.5n+1 O.sub.5n -O-, where n=1 to about 100. These dyes have improved water solubility and improved interaction with paper.