Abstract: A method is provided for protecting a refrigerant vapor compression system during a standstill period following shutdown of the refrigerant vapor compression system. A method is provided for detecting a low refrigerant charge level in a refrigerant vapor compression system operating in a transcritical mode. A refrigerant vapor compression system is provided that includes a controller operative to perform a refrigerant charge detection method.

Abstract: A method for operating a defrost mode of a transport refrigerant vapor compression system includes initiating a defrost operation for the transport refrigerant vapor compression system by energizing heaters operatively coupled to a heat absorption heat exchanger operable to defrost the heat absorption heat exchanger. During the defrost operation, the method includes comparing the heat absorption heat exchanger pressure to the first predetermined limit; in response to the heat absorption heat exchanger pressure being less than the first predetermined limit, performing at least one operation to determine if the defrost operation should be exited; and in response to the heat absorption heat exchanger pressure being greater than the first predetermined limit, exiting the defrost operation.

Abstract: A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a compression device having at least a first compression stage and a second compression stage arranged in series refrigerant flow relationship; a first refrigerant heat rejecting heat exchanger disposed downstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the second compression stage for passing the refrigerant in heat exchange relationship with a first secondary fluid; a second refrigerant heat rejecting heat exchanger disposed downstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the first refrigerant heat rejecting heat exchanger for passing the refrigerant in heat exchange relationship with a second secondary fluid.

Abstract: A transport refrigerant vapor compression system includes a controller for controlling operation of the transport refrigerant vapor compression system. The controller is configured to modulate a discharge pressure of the refrigerant compression device to control a cooling capacity of the transport refrigerant vapor compression system. The controller is configured to modulate the discharge pressure of a refrigerant compression device to control the cooling capacity of the transport refrigerant vapor compression system using both a refrigerant reservoir and an auxiliary expansion device without affecting superheat of the transport refrigerant vapor compression system.

Abstract: A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a compression device having at least a first compression stage and a second compression stage, a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger disposed downstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the second compression stage, and a refrigerant intercooler disposed intermediate the first compression stage and the second compression stage. The refrigerant intercooler is disposed downstream of the refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger with respect to the flow of a secondary fluid. A second refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger may be disposed downstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the aforesaid refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger, and a second refrigerant intercooler may be disposed intermediate the first compression stage and the second compression stage and downstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the aforesaid refrigerant intercooler.

Abstract: A CO2 vapor compression system is provided with at least one pressure relief device which is designed to open when the pressure in the low pressure side exceeds the predetermined level because of exposure to high temperatures during non-operational periods. A pressure relief device is provided near the compressor suction inlet to relieve one section of the circuit and another is provided upstream of an unloading valve to relieve pressure in another section thereof.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide refrigerant vapor compression system and method of operating that system are provided. The refrigerant vapor compression system includes a compression device, a flash tank receiver disposed in the refrigerant circuit intermediate a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger, and a compressor unload circuit including a refrigerant line establishing refrigerant flow communication between an intermediate pressure stage of the compression device and the refrigerant circuit at a location downstream of the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger and upstream of a suction inlet to the compression device, and a unload circuit flow control device disposed in said unload circuit refrigerant line. In response to at least one system operating parameter sensed by at least one sensor, the controller selectively positions the unload flow control device to maintain the refrigerant vapor compression system operating below a preselected high pressure limit.

Abstract: A method for distributing a refrigerant charge level in a refrigerant vapor compression system includes restarting a stopped refrigerant compression device in a first mode; operating a primary expansion device independent of refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger superheat; comparing a condition at a refrigerant reservoir to a prescribed condition; wherein when the condition is below the prescribed condition for a prescribed interval, operating the primary expansion device to control the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger superheat; and transitioning the refrigerant vapor compression system to a second mode.

Abstract: A heat sink assembly is disclosed for cooling a power electronics module, such as a variable frequency drive. The heat sink assembly includes a housing and a heat sink structure. The housing defines an interior chamber for enclosing the power electronics module and also defines a cooling air flow channel exterior to the interior chamber. The heat sink structure is disposed in conductive heat transfer relationship with the interior chamber and has a heat transfer surface positioned within the exterior cooling air flow channel in convective heat transfer relationship with the cooling air flow.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a refrigerant vapor compression system includes a compressor (12) having a suction port and a discharge port, a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger (24) operatively coupled downstream to the discharge port of the compressor, a refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger (42) operatively coupled downstream to the refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger, a compressor suction inlet line connecting the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger to the suction port of the compressor, and an adiabatic expansion device (54) operatively coupled to the suction inlet line. A sensor operatively coupled to the suction inlet line measures a superheat value of the refrigerant. The refrigerant vapor compression system further includes a controller (60) in communication with the sensor.

Abstract: A method for determining proper wiring of multiple three-phase motors in a refrigeration system is disclosed. The method may include energizing a plurality of three-phase motors with a first input phase rotation and recording performance data, energizing the plurality of three-phase motors with a second input phase rotation and recording the performance data, evaluating the performance data and determining if each of three-phase motors is properly wired, operating the refrigeration system in a normal mode if all of the three-phase motors are properly wired, or operating the refrigeration system in a less efficient mode if at least one three-phase motor is improperly wired.

Abstract: Embodiments of systems, apparatus, and/or methods can control conditions such as temperature within a container of a transport refrigeration system. Embodiments can include a controller for controlling the transport refrigeration system to reduce power consumption. Embodiments of systems, apparatus, and/or methods for operating the same can control cycling of a transport refrigeration unit to conserve power where a subsequent cycle time in a power savings mode is based on at least one previous cycle time. In addition, components can be enabled based on monitored conditions to reduce power consumption.

Abstract: A heat sink device for cooling a power electronics module includes a base platform having a first surface and a second surface on opposite sides of the base platform, a plurality of upright members extending outwardly from the first surface of the base platform and defining a cavity wherein the power electronics module is disposed in conductive heat exchange relationship with the first surface of the base platform, and a plurality of heat transfer fins extending outwardly from the second surface of the base platform and defining a plurality of cooling air flow channels.

Abstract: A heat sink assembly is disclosed for cooling a power electronics module, such as a variable frequency drive. The heat sink assembly includes a housing and a heat sink structure. The housing defines an interior chamber for enclosing the power electronics module and also defines a cooling air flow channel exterior to the interior chamber. The heat sink structure is disposed in conductive heat transfer relationship with the interior chamber and has a heat transfer surface positioned within the exterior cooling air flow channel in convective heat transfer relationship with the cooling air flow.

Abstract: A refrigerated container having a refrigeration system using CO2 as the refrigerant, includes a sensing and warning system for sensing the CO2 concentration in the container and responsively displaying the sensed condition in a display module so that an operator will be aware of excess levels of concentration which might present a hazardous condition and therefore should not enter the container until the condition is alleviated.

Abstract: A method for determining proper wiring of multiple three-phase motors in a refrigeration system is disclosed. The method may include energizing a plurality of three-phase motors with a first input phase rotation and recording performance data, energizing the plurality of three-phase motors with a second input phase rotation and recording the performance data, evaluating the performance data and determining if each of three-phase motors is properly wired, operating the refrigeration system in a normal mode if all of the three-phase motors are properly wired, or operating the refrigeration system in a less efficient mode if at least one three-phase motor is improperly wired.

Abstract: A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a flash tank economizer defining a separation chamber is disposed in the refrigerant circuit intermediate a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger. A primary expansion valve is interdisposed in the refrigerant circuit in operative association with and upstream of the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger and a secondary expansion valve is interdisposed in the refrigerant circuit in operative association and upstream of the flash tank economizer. A refrigerant vapor injection line establishes refrigerant flow communication between an upper portion of the separation chamber and an intermediate pressure stage of the system's compression device and a suction pressure portion of the refrigerant circuit.

Abstract: A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a compression device having at least a first compression stage and a second compression stage, a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger disposed downstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the second compression stage, and a refrigerant intercooler disposed intermediate the first compression stage and the second compression stage. The refrigerant intercooler is disposed downstream of the refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger with respect to the flow of a secondary fluid. A second refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger may be disposed downstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the aforesaid refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger, and a second refrigerant intercooler may be disposed intermediate the first compression stage and the second compression stage and downstream with respect to refrigerant flow of the aforesaid refrigerant intercooler.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus, transport refrigeration units, and methods for operating the same can control defrost operations for a refrigerant vapor compression system. Embodiments can provide control for transitioning a refrigerant vapor compression system into and out of a defrost mode.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus, transport refrigeration units, and methods for operating the same can control refrigerant compression device restart for a refrigerant vapor compression system. Embodiments can provide control for transitioning a refrigerant vapor compression system to an economized mode.