Abstract: A detection coil for use in nuclear resonance magnetic (NMR) spectroscopy and a method of manufacture thereof. At least two film layers of material are deposited on an outer surface of a cylindrical tube of dielectric material. The layers are patterned to form a solenoid on the tube. At least one of the deposited materials is a conductor.

Abstract: A microreactor includes a substrate having a porous bulk and at least one well formed in the substrate. The device can include a plurality of wells, where at least two of the plurality of wells have different structural properties, such as area of the well, depth of the well and porosity of the well. One or more portions of the well surface can be functionalized to produce desired properties, such as porosity. A method for forming microreactor devices includes the step of providing a substrate material having a porous open cell substrate core portion and removing discrete portions of the substrate to form at least one well in the substrate material. The removing step can include the process of laser ablation. A whole cell sensing device includes a substrate having a porous bulk, at least one well formed in the substrate, and at least one whole cell disposed in the well.

Abstract: A method for producing feedthroughs in a substrate having a front and back surface, wherein the substrate either has a hole or absorbs radiation at a given wavelength. The method includes selecting and intimately bonding a sheet to the back surface of the substrate with an adhesive which is absorptive at the given wavelength. If the substrate has a hole, an exposed area of the sheet is illuminated with laser radiation at the given wavelength and at a power level sufficient to ablate a portion of the sheet behind the exposed area, thereby creating the feedthrough in the substrate. If the substrate has no hole, an area on the front surface of the substrate is illuminated with laser radiation at the given wavelength and at a power level sufficient to ablate a portion of the substrate and a portion of the sheet behind the area, thereby creating the feedthrough in the substrate. The sheet can then be removed from the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for fabricating directional fiber optic taps having a variety of output angles. The taps can be used to monitor losses due to misalignment of the fiber or losses due to bending and straining of the fiber. The apparatus and method can also be used to fabricate taps which filter out higher order modes in a fiber. The apparatus and method can also be used to produce taps which can be used in a position or refractive index measuring system.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for removing minute particles (as small as submicron) from a surface to which they are adhered. An energy transfer medium is interposed between each particle to be removed and the surface to which the particles are adhered. The medium is an irradiated with laser energy at a wavelength which is strongly absorbed by the medium. The medium absorbs sufficient energy to cause explosive evaporation with sufficient force to dislodge the particles. Preferably means are provided to remove dislodged particles to prevent redeposit on the surface.