Abstract: An ID (identification) information, user data, and a control information are disposed each in one block, and subject to an error correction code (ECC). The user data and control information are disposed in an ECC block 1, while the ID information is disposed in an ECC block 2. The ECC blocks 1 and 2 are coded separately for error correction. The blocks thus coded for error correction are disposed in one physical structure, data is modulated, a sync signal is added to the modulated data, and then the data is written to an optical disc having the above data format.

Abstract: An ID information, user data, and a control information are disposed each in one block, and coded for error correction. The user data and control information are disposed in an ECC block 1, while the ID information is disposed in an ECC block 2. The ECC blocks 1 and 2 are coded separately for error correction. The blocks thus coded for error correction are disposed in one physical structure, data is modulated, a sync signal is added to the modulated data, and then the data is written to an optical disc having the above data format.

Abstract: An ID information, user data, and a control information are disposed each in one block, and coded for error correction. The user data and control information are disposed in an ECC block 1, while the ID information is disposed in an ECC block 2. The ECC blocks 1 and 2 are coded separately for error correction. The blocks thus coded for error correction are disposed in one physical structure, data is modulated, a sync signal is added to the modulated data, and then the data is written to an optical disc having the above data format.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus for recording and/or reproducing user data onto and/or from an optical disk. The apparatus includes an optical head for irradiating a laser beam having a wavelength of approximately 680 (nm) or less to the optical disk and having a lens with a numerical aperture (NA) of approximately 0.7 or more and a working distance of approximately 560 (&mgr;m) or less. By utilizing such apparatus, a relatively large amount of data may be recorded onto the optical disk.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus for recording and/or reproducing user data onto and/or from an optical disk. The apparatus includes an optical head for irradiating a laser beam having a wavelength of approximately 680 (nm) or less to the optical disk and having a lens with a numerical aperture (NA) of approximately 0.7 or more and a working distance of approximately 560 (&mgr;m) or less. By utilizing such apparatus, a relatively large amount of data may be recorded onto the optical disk.

Abstract: In an optical disc manufacturing method and an optical disc device, when serial data are subjected to phase modulation and then subjected to frequency modulation to trace a groove, in modulated signals based on phase modulation corresponding to the first half portion and the last half portion of each bit of the serial data, the phase modulation is performed so that the period of the logic “1” and the period of the logic “0” are equal to each other. In the modulated signals based on the frequency modulation, the number of the frequency cycles corresponding to the respective logic levels are equal to each other.

Abstract: An optical disc and an optical disc apparatus having an improved error correction capability. In an optical disc on which is recorded data encoded using an encoding block of a pre-set data volume as a unit for encoding, a data volume V of the encoding block is the maximum number among data volume values of the encoding block that satisfies the relation VX(1+R)XD<L0, and that can be expressed by the powers of 2, where L0 is the innermost track length, R is the redundancy of encoding, and D is the code length per bit. In this manner, the encoding block is of a size corresponding or substantially corresponding to the entire innermost track of an optical disc.