Abstract: A microlens for an organic EL element, which is used by being disposed on a light-emitting surface of the organic EL element, said microlens comprising a cured resin layer having concavities and convexities formed on a surface thereof, wherein when a Fourier-transformed image is obtained by performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform processing on a concavity and convexity analysis image obtained by analyzing a shape of the concavities and convexities by use of an atomic force microscope, the Fourier-transformed image shows a circular or annular pattern substantially centered at an origin at which an absolute value of wavenumber is 0 ?m?1, and the circular or annular pattern is present within a region where an absolute value of wavenumber is within a range of 1 ?m?1 or less.

Abstract: In an organic EL element, a concave-convex pattern layer having a first concave-convex shape, a first electrode, an organic layer, and a second electrode layer are stacked on a substrate in this order. Further, an auxiliary layer is provided between the concave-convex pattern layer and the first electrode. A surface of the auxiliary layer on the first electrode side has a second concave-convex shape. The change ratio of the standard deviation of depths of the second concave-convex shape with respect to the standard deviation of depths of the first concave-convex shape is 70% or less. The organic EL light-emitting element, which has a high light extraction efficiency while preventing the occurrence of a leak current, can be obtained.

Abstract: A mold for transferring a fine pattern, suitable for producing a substrate having a concave-convex structure such as a diffraction grating, can be provided by a simple process and with a high throughput. A method for producing a mold for transferring a fine pattern includes: a step of coating a surface of a base member with a solution containing a block copolymer and polyalkylene oxide; a solvent phase-separation step of phase-separating the block copolymer under a presence of vapor of an organic solvent so as to obtain a block copolymer film of the block copolymer, the block copolymer film having a concave-convex structure on a surface thereof and a horizontal cylinder structure in an interior thereof; a step of stacking a metal layer by electroforming; and a step of releasing the base member having the concave-convex structure formed thereon from the metal layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical substrate includes: a step for preparing a long film-shaped mold; a step for preparing a sol; a step for forming a coating film of the sol on a substrate; a step for drying the coating film; a step for pressing a pattern surface of the film-shaped mold against the dried coating film with a pressing roll while feeding the film-shaped mold to the pressing roll; a step for releasing the film-shaped mold from the coating film; and a step for baking the coating film to which the concave and convex pattern has been transferred.

Abstract: An organic EL element including: a transparent supporting substrate; a diffraction grating having a concavity and convexity layer with first concavities and convexities formed on a surface thereof and disposed on the transparent supporting substrate; and a transparent electrode, an organic layer, and a metal electrode which are stacked in this order on the diffraction grating and formed into such shapes that a shape of the first concavities and convexities formed on the surface of the diffraction grating is maintained, the organic layer comprising at least a light emitting layer. The organic EL element satisfies specified conditions (A) to (C).

Abstract: A method for producing a substrate having a concavity and convexity pattern includes: a step for applying a sol containing a silica precursor on a substrate to form a coating film; a step for drying the coating film; a pressing step for pressing a mold having a concavity and convexity pattern against the dried coating film with a pressing roll; a step for peeling off the mold from the coating film; and a step for baking the coating film to which the concavity and convexity pattern has been transferred. The coating film is dried in the drying step so that the ratio of weight of the coating film to dried weight of the coating film is in a range of 1.4 to 8.8, the dried weight being obtained by baking the coating film at a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius. The coating film may be heated in the pressing step.

Abstract: A light extraction transparent substrate for an organic EL element includes a transparent supporting substrate; a diffraction grating having a first concavity and convexity layer having first concavities and convexities formed on a surface thereof, which is located on a surface of the transparent supporting substrate, and a microlens having a second concavity and convexity layer having second concavities and convexities formed on a surface thereof, which is located on a surface of the transparent supporting substrate. When a Fourier-transformed image is obtained by performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform processing on a concavity and convexity analysis image obtained by analyzing the shape of each of the first and second concavities and convexities by use of an atomic force microscope, the Fourier-transformed image shows a circular or annular pattern substantially centered at an origin at which an absolute value of wavenumber is 0 ?m?1.

Abstract: A method for producing a substrate having an irregular concave and convex surface for scattering light includes: manufacturing a substrate having the irregular concave and convex surface; irradiating the concave and convex surface of the manufactured substrate with inspection light tom a direction oblique to a normal direction and detecting returning light of the inspection light returned from the concave and convex surface by a light-receiving element provided in the normal direction of the concave and convex surface; and judging unevenness of luminance of the concave and convex surface by an image processing device based on light intensity of the returning light received. An organic EL element which includes a diffraction-grating substrate having an irregular concave and convex surface is produced with a high throughput.

Abstract: The present invention provides a diacetylene derivative represented by the following formula (A) which exhibits liquid crystallinity by itself and has a large refractive index anisotropy or does not exhibit liquid crystallinity by itself but exhibits a large refractive index anisotropy when added to a liquid crystalline compound: R1-Sp1-(Ar1)p-(Ar3)q-(Phe)r-C?C—C?C-(Phe)r-(Ar4)q-(Ar2)p-Sp2-R2??(A) (wherein R1 and R2 are a hydrogen, halogen, cyano, isothiocyanate, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or reactive group, SP1 and SP2 are each a spacer group, Ar1 and Ar2 are each a non-substituted or substituted aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic group, Ar3 and Ar4 are each a non-substituted or substituted heterocyclic group, Phe is a non-substituted or substituted 1,4-phenylene group, and p, q and r are each 0 or 1.

Abstract: A method for producing a mold includes: applying a block copolymer solution made of first and second polymers on a base member; performing a first annealing process at a temperature higher than Tg of the block copolymer after drying the coating film; forming a concavity and convexity structure on the base member by removing the second polymer by an etching process; performing a second annealing process of the concavity and convexity structure at a temperature higher than Tg of the first polymer; forming a seed layer on the structure; laminating or stacking a metal layer on the seed layer by an electroforming; and peeling off the metal layer from the base member. The second annealing process enables satisfactory transfer of a concavity and convexity structure on the base member onto the metal layer.

Abstract: A diffraction grating having a transparent supporting substrate; and a cured resin layer which is stacked on the transparent supporting substrate and which has concavities and convexities formed on a surface thereof, wherein when a Fourier-transformed image is obtained by performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform processing on a concavity and convexity analysis image obtained by analyzing a shape of the concavities and convexities formed on the surface of the cured resin layer by use of an atomic force microscope, the Fourier-transformed image shows a circular or annular pattern substantially centered at an origin at which an absolute value of wavenumber is 0 ?m?1, and the circular or annular pattern is present within a region where an absolute value of wavenumber is within a range of 10 ?m?1 or less.

Abstract: A transparent electroconductive substrate for a solar cell, comprising: a transparent supporting substrate; a transparent electroconductive layer; and a cured resin layer placed between the transparent supporting substrate and the transparent electroconductive layer, wherein concavities and convexities are formed on a surface of the cured resin layer, the surface facing the transparent electroconductive layer, and when a Fourier-transformed image is obtained by performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform processing on a concavity and convexity analysis image obtained by analyzing a shape of the concavities and convexities by use of an atomic force microscope, the Fourier-transformed image shows a circular or annular pattern substantially centered at an origin at which an absolute value of wavenumber is 0 ?m?1, and the circular or annular pattern is present within a region where an absolute value of wavenumber is within a range from 0.5 to 10 ?m?1.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic EL element having a corrugated structure, the organic EL element comprising a transparent supporting substrate, a transparent electrode, an organic layer, and a metal electrode, the method comprises the steps of: laminating on the transparent supporting substrate a curable-resin layer having concavity and convexity formed thereon in a periodic arrangement in a way that a curable resin is applied onto the transparent supporting substrate, the curable resin is then cured with a master block being pressed thereto, and thereafter the master block is detached; and obtaining an organic EL element by laminating on the curable-resin layer the transparent electrode, the organic layer, and the metal electrode individually so that a shape of the concavity and convexity formed on a surface of the curable-resin layer can be maintained.

Abstract: An identification medium is to be observed via a linearly polarizing filter and includes a first liquid crystal layer that changes the wavelength of light according to the rotational angle of the linearly polarizing filter, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and a light absorbing layer that is provided below the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a discrimination medium which has high discrimination ability, and which is more difficult to counterfeit than conventional discrimination mediums. A discrimination medium comprises: a cholesteric liquid crystal layer; and a liquid crystal layer acting as a half-wave plate and provided on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in a predetermined pattern.

Abstract: A diffraction grating having a transparent supporting substrate; and a cured resin layer which is stacked on the transparent supporting substrate and which has concavities and convexities formed on a surface thereof, wherein when a Fourier-transformed image is obtained by performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform processing on a concavity and convexity analysis image obtained by analyzing a shape of the concavities and convexities formed on the surface of the cured resin layer by use of an atomic force microscope, the Fourier-transformed image shows a circular or annular pattern substantially centered at an origin at which an absolute value of wavenumber is 0 ?m?1, and the circular or annular pattern is present within a region where an absolute value of wavenumber is within a range of 10 ?m?1 or less.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic EL element having a corrugated structure, the organic EL element comprising a transparent supporting substrate, a transparent electrode, an organic layer, and a metal electrode, the method comprises the steps of: laminating on the transparent supporting substrate a curable-resin layer having concavity and convexity formed thereon in a periodic arrangement in a way that a curable resin is applied onto the transparent supporting substrate, the curable resin is then cured with a master block being pressed thereto, and thereafter the master block is detached; and obtaining an organic EL element by laminating on the curable-resin layer the transparent electrode, the organic layer, and the metal electrode individually so that a shape of the concavity and convexity formed on a surface of the curable-resin layer can be maintained.

Abstract: A microlens for an organic EL element, which is used by being disposed on a light-emitting surface of the organic EL element, said microlens comprising a cured resin layer having concavities and convexities formed on a surface thereof, wherein when a Fourier-transformed image is obtained by performing two-dimensional fast Fourier transform processing on a concavity and convexity analysis image obtained by analyzing a shape of the concavities and convexities by use of an atomic force microscope, the Fourier-transformed image shows a circular or annular pattern substantially centered at an origin at which an absolute value of wavenumber is 0 ?m?1, and the circular or annular pattern is present within a region where an absolute value of wavenumber is within a range of 1 ?m?1 or less.

Abstract: A mold for nanoimprint including a liquid-crystalline polysilane and having a raised and recessed surface formed by the formation of a smectic phase due to the orientation of the liquid-crystalline polysilane.

Abstract: A laser oscillation element 1 according to the invention comprises a cholesteric liquid crystal layer 2 containing cholesteric liquid crystals, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer 3 containing cholesteric liquid crystals facing the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 2, and a defect layer 4 containing a dye 5 which emits fluorescence upon optical excitation disposed between the cholesteric liquid crystal layers 2, 3. A selective reflection wavelength band in the cholesteric liquid crystals overlaps with the emission band of the fluorescence emitted by the dye 5, the helical winding directions of the cholesteric liquid crystals contained in the cholesteric liquid crystal layers 2, 3 are identical, and the transition moments of the dye 5 are aligned parallel to the surfaces of the cholesteric liquid crystal layers 2, 3. According to the laser oscillation element 1, a laser oscillation can be generated with high efficiency. Moreover, continuous wave lasing can be generated.