Abstract: A method of predicting the evolution of simulation results for an Internet of Things (IoT) network by creating a source digital twin for the IoT network, driven by real-time sensed data from objects fed to models of the objects interconnected as object nodes in a directed acyclic graph (DAG) with the interconnections representing flow of data, the source digital twin outputting a state of one or more of the objects in real time; creating a clone digital twin of the source digital twin; connecting input of the clone digital twin with output of the source digital twin via a data stream synthesizer node, the data stream synthesizer node adds a time increment to the output of the source digital twin to drive the clone digital twin at the incremented time. The source digital twin and the clone digital twin are executed to indicate an evolved state of one or more of the objects at the incremented time as the output of the clone digital twin.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of predicting energy use for a route including inputting map data of roads included in K trips in a geographical area, predictors of rate of energy use along the roads, and energy consumption data of the K trips. The method includes dividing each of the roads in the map data for all the trips into segments of length measure ?i; grouping the segments from the trips into a number N of clusters, using an algorithm to build a model predicting the weights Wj based on solving a system of equations, one per trip, assigning the predicted weight applied to the cluster in which the segment was grouped and storing a segment ID with the corresponding cluster ID or predicted rate of energy use Yi to allow prediction of energy use for a route in the geographical area incorporating one or more of the segments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for at least partially digesting a uranium (U)-based target material which comprises at least one uranium-metal (U-Me) alloy containing Mn, Fe, Co or Ni and comprising at least a U6Me phase. By means of an accelerant in a basic solution, the uranium in U-Me alloy oxidizes to U(VI). The accelerant comprises in particular KMnO4 whilst the U-Me alloy comprises a U—Mn alloy. The alloy preferably comprises two phases of an eutectic system, in particular the U6Mn/UMn2 system. The use of the accelerant enables an enhanced digestion of the U-Me alloy.

Abstract: A method of predicting evolution of simulation results for an Internet of Things (IoT) network comprising creating a source digital twin outputting a state of object(s). A main digital twin sequence is formed by creating clone digital twin(s), connecting an input of one clone digital twin with an output of the source digital twin where a time increment is added to the output of the source digital twin and connecting an input of any further clone digital twin with an output of a preceding clone digital twin where a further time increment is added to the output of the preceding clone digital twin. An evolved modified state of the object(s) is provided at additionally incremented time as an output of an exploratory digital twin which has an input connected with an output of one of the source digital twin, the one clone digital twin, and any further clone digital twin.

Abstract: A method of predicting the evolution of simulation results for an Internet of Things (IoT) network by creating a source digital twin for the IoT network, driven by real-time sensed data from objects fed to models of the objects interconnected as object nodes in a directed acyclic graph (DAG) with the interconnections representing flow of data, the source digital twin outputting a state of one or more of the objects in real time; creating a clone digital twin of the source digital twin; connecting input of the clone digital twin with output of the source digital twin via a data stream synthesizer node, the data stream synthesizer node adds a time increment to the output of the source digital twin to drive the clone digital twin at the incremented time. The source digital twin and the clone digital twin are executed to indicate an evolved state of one or more of the objects at the incremented time as the output of the clone digital twin.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of predicting energy use for a route including inputting map data of roads included in K trips in a geographical area, predictors of rate of energy use along the roads, and energy consumption data of the K trips. The method includes dividing each of the roads in the map data for all the trips into segments of length measure ?i; grouping the segments from the trips into a number N of clusters, using an algorithm to build a model predicting the weights Wj based on solving a system of equations, one per trip, assigning the predicted weight applied to the cluster in which the segment was to grouped and storing a segment ID with the corresponding cluster ID or predicted rate of energy use Yi to allow prediction of energy use for a route in the geographical area incorporating one or more of the segments.

Abstract: A nuclear fuel, the nuclear fuel comprising uranium aluminide grains, wherein the uranium aluminide grain properties are selected for good isotope extraction after irradiation and chemical digestion.

Abstract: A process includes receiving data indicating position and velocity of a vehicle at time points during a time window; using the data to calculate a path of movement by the vehicle; and determining whether the path indicates a change in a direction of movement of the vehicle. When the calculated path indicates a change in the direction, the location of the vehicle at a future time relative to the time window is estimated using the received position and velocity data at end of the time window, and a classification based on a similarity of the calculated path to at least one vehicle path corresponding to a vehicle preparing to turn and to at least one vehicle path corresponding to a vehicle not preparing to turn, and based on the similarity, classifying the calculated path either as that of a vehicle preparing to turn or a vehicle not preparing to turn.

Abstract: A process includes receiving data indicating position and velocity of a vehicle at time points during a time window; using the data to calculate a path of movement by the vehicle; and determining whether the path indicates a change in a direction of movement of the vehicle. When the calculated path indicates a change in the direction, the location of the vehicle at a future time relative to the time window is estimated using the received position and velocity data at end of the time window, and a classification based on a similarity of the calculated path to at least one vehicle path corresponding to a vehicle preparing to turn and to at least one vehicle path corresponding to a vehicle not preparing to turn, and based on the similarity, classifying the calculated path either as that of a vehicle preparing to turn or a vehicle not preparing to turn.

Abstract: A synchronization device, for use in a system of synchronization devices, to synchronize a received data stream with data streams received at other synchronization devices, and including a synchronization buffer receiving a data stream; an event detector detecting an event in the received data stream and to broadcast event information including an event detection time; and a delay computation element receiving, from each synchronization device, event information including the event detection time, to determine a delay time of a most delayed data stream, and to calculate a delay time to be applied to the received data stream to synchronize the received data stream with the most delayed data stream.

Abstract: A user apparatus configured to request and receive data divided into chunks from a content source over a network, the apparatus comprising: a network module configured to establish a secure path to the content source and to establish an unsecure path to the content source; a determination module configured to determine that a next chunk of data is required and to determine whether the next chunk of data is protected; and a request module configured to request and receive the next chunk of data, wherein the next chunk of data is requested and received via the unsecure path if or when the next chunk of data is unprotected.

Abstract: A Resource Manager is provided for managing a plurality of computers. Each of the computers is operable in one of a plurality of power configurations, including a high-power configuration and low-power configurations. The Manager exchanges messages with a Manager Proxy in each computer. Responsive to notifications from Manager Proxies of changes in execution state of an application, the Manager determines a power configuration applicable for the computer of that Manager Proxy, or for a set of computers executing the application. The Manager indicates the power configuration to the Manager Proxy which then decides whether to implement a change.

Abstract: In an HPC system, a Resource Manager deliberately introduces heterogeneities to the execution speeds of some, but not all, of the nodes allocated to an application during the application's execution. These heterogeneities may cause changes to the amount of time spent waiting on coordination points: computation intensive applications will be most affected by these changes, IO bound applications less so. By monitoring wait time reports received from a Communications library, the Manager can discriminate between these two types of applications and suitable power states can be applied to the nodes allocated to the application. If the application is IO bound then nodes can be switched to a lower-power state to save energy. This can be applied at any point during application execution so that the hardware configuration can be adjusted to keep optimal efficiency as the application passes through phases with different energy use and performance characteristics.

Abstract: A method of executing a job in a computer system having a plurality of different allowed configurations comprises: receiving the job; identifying one or more representative samples of the job; executing the one or more representative samples in an experimental phase, the or each representative sample being executed with each different allowed configuration of the computer cluster; collecting execution data including speed of execution and energy used in each configuration during execution of the one or more representative samples and selecting a suitable configuration for the job taking speed of execution and energy use into account; and executing the remainder of the job in a completion phase with the suitable configuration.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a computing device configured to operate as a particular computing device among a plurality of interconnected computing devices, comprising: a load information obtaining unit configured to obtain, from the particular computing device and from the or each of a group of one or more other computing devices from among the plurality of interconnected computing devices, load information representing the current computational load of the computing device from which the information is obtained; and a load redistribution determination unit configured, in dependence upon the obtained load information, to determine whether or not to redistribute computational load among the particular computing device and the group, and if it is determined to redistribute computational load, to determine the redistribution and to instruct the determined redistribution.

Abstract: A computing device having a housing; a temperature monitor to monitor a temperature within the housing; a cooling fluid drawing mechanism to draw cooling fluid into the housing; a cooling fluid drawing controller, when the computing device is installed within an enclosure as one of plural computing devices, to obtain a value representing the temperature, and if the value is within a predetermined range, to select an operating state for the mechanism from among a first state in which the mechanism draws fluid into the housing at a first rate, and a second state in which the mechanism draws cooling fluid into the housing at a second rate lower than the first rate, and to run the mechanism in the selected state; where the selection of the state is based on demand for cooling from other computing devices from among the plurality of computing devices.

Abstract: A user apparatus configured to request and receive data divided into chunks from a content source over a network, the apparatus comprising: a network module configured to establish a secure path to the content source and to establish an unsecure path to the content source; a determination module configured to determine that a next chunk of data is required and to determine whether the next chunk of data is protected; and a request module configured to request and receive the next chunk of data, wherein the next chunk of data is requested and received via the unsecure path if or when the next chunk of data is unprotected.

Abstract: A synchronization device, for use in a system of synchronization devices, to synchronize a received data stream with data streams received at other synchronization devices, and including a synchronization buffer receiving a data stream; an event detector detecting an event in the received data stream and to broadcast event information including an event detection time; and a delay computation element receiving, from each synchronization device, event information including the event detection time, to determine a delay time of a most delayed data stream, and to calculate a delay time to be applied to the received data stream to synchronize the received data stream with the most delayed data stream.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include a method of generating a simulation model of a space, the simulation model being a three-dimensional geometrical representation of the space in a format appropriate for computational fluid dynamic analysis; the method comprising: obtaining a geometrical representation of the space; obtaining a characterization of the operation and/or arrangement of physical entities influencing airflow in the space, from among a predetermined set of characterizations; generating the simulation model of the space based on the geometrical representation, wherein said generating includes: configuring the simulation model by selecting configuration options, from those associated with the obtained characterization in a database in which each of the predetermined set of characterizations are codified as a set of configuration options for a simulation model, in dependence upon the content of the geometrical representation.

Abstract: A method is described for producing nuclear fuel products, including the steps of receiving metallic or intermetallic uranium-based fuel particle cores, providing at least one physical vapour deposited coating layer surrounding the fuel particle core and embedding the nuclear fuel particles in a matrix so as to form a powder mixture of matrix material and coated fuel particles. The at least one physical vapour deposited coating layer may include inhibitors of inhibiting, stabilizing and/or reducing interaction between metallic and intermetallic uranium-based fuel particles cores and the matrix wherein the fuel particles typically may be embedded. The deposited coating layer may include neutron poisons.