Abstract: Taxonomy-based architecture data classifying methods and systems are disclosed. A classifier comprises processing nodes arranged in a tree-based architecture. During training mode a classifier module receives descriptions, generates classification predictions, sends the classification predictions to an error calculator to calculate gradients, and receives the gradient while the selector module receives descriptions and annotations associated to the sample piece of data, distributes the descriptions and annotations to child nodes. During testing mode, the classifier module receives descriptions, generates classification predictions and sends the classification predictions to the selector module which receives descriptions and predictions and distributes descriptions to child nodes corresponding to the predictions.