Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining a time offset are disclosed. The method includes: obtaining, by a device at a head end, a time-domain signal based on a received signal; and then determining a time offset based on values of peak-to-average ratios of a preset quantity of symbols starting from a qth symbol in the time-domain signal, where a peak-to-average ratio of the qth symbol is greater than a preset threshold. A new method for determining a time offset is provided, and takes advantages that the time-domain signal obtained by the device at the head end has stronger capabilities of resisting interference such as frequency offset and phase noise. The method for determining a time offset can be applied both to initial ranging and periodic ranging.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining a time offset are disclosed. The method includes: obtaining, by a device at a head end, a time-domain signal based on a received signal; and then determining a time offset based on values of peak-to-average ratios of a preset quantity of symbols starting from a qth symbol in the time-domain signal, where a peak-to-average ratio of the qth symbol is greater than a preset threshold. A new method for determining a time offset is provided, and takes advantages that the time-domain signal obtained by the device at the head end has stronger capabilities of resisting interference such as frequency offset and phase noise. The method for determining a time offset can be applied both to initial ranging and periodic ranging.

Abstract: An apparatus, comprising a receiver configured to receive a primary signal that comprises a narrowband noise component and a broadband noise component, a processor coupled to the receiver and configured to determine, in a time domain, an estimate of the narrowband noise component in real-time, determine a cancelled output signal in real-time that comprises an estimate of the broadband noise component, and determine an estimate of a power level of the narrowband noise component in real-time.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and computer program product are provided for communicating one or more symbols with multiple pilot signals and nulls. In use, one or more symbols are communicated including a plurality of pilot signals and a plurality of nulls, for use in generating a plurality of coefficients.

Abstract: An apparatus, comprising a receiver configured to receive a primary signal that comprises a narrowband noise component and a broadband noise component, a processor coupled to the receiver and configured to determine, in a time domain, an estimate of the narrowband noise component in real-time, determine a cancelled output signal in real-time that comprises an estimate of the broadband noise component, and determine an estimate of a power level of the narrowband noise component in real-time.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and computer program product are provided for communicating one or more symbols with multiple pilot signals and nulls. In use, one or more symbols are communicated including a plurality of pilot signals and a plurality of nulls, for use in generating a plurality of coefficients.

Abstract: A control word generator comprised of circuitry to generate a control word to control an attenuator. The control word generator includes a counter that increments at a clock rate much higher than the refresh rate at which the error signal is recalculated. The counter is controlled by a comparator which compares the error signal to a reference value, which, starting from a programmable upper limited is decremented in the counter's incrementation rate by a programmable step size. When the reference value equals the error signal, the comparator changes state and the counter stops incrementing. The count at that time is the control word, which if everything operated instantaneously, would be the control word that would alter the attenuation sufficiently to achieve nominal power.

Abstract: A control word generator comprised of circuitry to generate a control word to control an attenuator. The control word generator includes a counter that increments at a clock rate much higher than the refresh rate at which the error signal is recalculated. The counter is controlled by a comparator which compares the error signal to a reference value, which, starting from a programmable upper limited is decremented in the counter's incrementation rate by a programmable step size. When the reference value equals the error signal, the comparator changes state and the counter stops incrementing. The count at that time is the control word, which if everything operated instantaneously, would be the control word that would alter the attenuation sufficiently to achieve nominal power.

Abstract: A control word generator comprised of circuitry to generate a control word to control an attenuator. The control word generator includes a counter that increments at a clock rate much higher than the refresh rate at which the error signal is recalculated. The counter is controlled by a comparator which compares the error signal to a reference value, which, starting from a programmable upper limited is decremented in the counter's incrementation rate by a programmable step size. When the reference value equals the error signal, the comparator changes state and the counter stops incrementing. The count at that time is the control word, which if everything operated instantaneously, would be the control word that would alter the attenuation sufficiently to achieve nominal power.