Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the use of anti-CRISPR (ACR) proteins in plants, including modulation of Cas endonuclease activity, improvement of frequency of homologous recombination, control of Cas endonuclease activity during various cell cycles, spatial and/or temporal regulation of Cas endonuclease activity in plants, usage in gene activation or repression, as well as reduction of off-target polynucleotide cleavage.

Abstract: The invention relates to anti-CRISPR genes and anti-CRISPR proteins, and their uses in various biotechnology applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lactic acid bacterium, in particular a strain of the Streptococcus genus, with reduced sensitivity to cos-type bacteriophages. The invention also relates to methods to engineer these lactic acid bacteria as well as their use to ferment milk.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the use of anti-CRISPR (ACR) proteins in plants, including modulation of Cas endonuclease activity, improvement of frequency of homologous recombination, control of Cas endonuclease activity during various cell cycles, spatial and/or temporal regulation of Cas endonuclease activity in plants, usage in gene activation or repression, as well as reduction of off-target polynucleotide cleavage.

Abstract: The invention relates to anti-CRISPR genes and anti-CRISPR proteins, and their uses in various biotechnology applications

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of dairy science. In particular, the present invention relates to methods for improving dairy starter culture quality as well as food products that can be obtained using such methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of dairy science. In particular, the present invention relates to methods for improving dairy starter culture quality as well as food products that can be obtained using such methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of dairy science. In particular, the present invention relates to methods for improving dairy starter culture quality as well as food products that can be obtained using such methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 2227-bp DNA fragment that confers antiphage activity. Two proteins encoded by this DNA sequence are responsible for the phage resistance phenotype. When introduced in Lactococcus lactis phage-sensitive strain, this DNA fragment aborts infection of phages of the 936 and P335 species.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 2227-bp DNA fragment that confers antiphage activity. Two proteins encoded by this DNA sequence are responsible for the phage resistance phenotype. When introduced in Lactococcus lactis phage-sensitive strain, this DNA fragment aborts infection of phages of the 936 and P335 species.

Abstract: The invention relates to a 4007 bp DNA fragment from the strain Lactococcus raffinolactis ATCC 43920 containing two genes. The first gene (named aga) codes for an enzyme with an alpha-galactosidase activity. The second gene (named galR) codes for a transcriptional regulator which would act as a regulator of aga. When present in a lactic acid bacterium such as Lactococcus lactis, this DNA fragment can modify the sugar fermentation profile of the strain from melibiose-negative to melibiose-positive. The utilisation of a culture media containing melibiose as the sole carbon source and bromcresol purple as pH indicator allows the identification of the melibiose-fermenting bacteria as yellow colonies on a purple background.

Abstract: A novel protein (Abi900, 183 amino acids) and its gene were isolated from a 11-kb natural plasmid (pSRQ900) of Lactococcus lactis. When pSRQ900 is introduced into dairy starter cultures, the Abi900 protein confers strong resistance to bacteriophage infection.

Abstract: An isolated DNA of a Lactococcus lactisshowing a SEQ ID NO:1 encoding a restriction and two modification enzymes (R/M SEQ ID NO: 2, 3 and 4). The isolated DNA is used to transform sensitive dairy cultures, such as Lactococcus lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus, to provide phage resistance. Escherichia coli can be used to produce endonucleases.

Abstract: DNA encoding phage resistance protein which aborts infection by the phage, designated as AbiE. The DNA which is contained in a Lactococcus lactis deposited as NRRL-B-21443 and described in SEQ ID NO:1, is incorporated into a bacterium to encode the AbiE and provide phage resistance. Lactococcus and other bacteria encoding the AbiE are useful in industrial fermentations wherein phage are a problem.

Abstract: An isolated DNA of a Lactococcus lactis showing a SEQ ID NO:1 encoding a restriction and twp modification enzymes (R/M SEQ ID NO: 2, 3 and 4). The isolated DNA is used to transform sensitive dairy cultures, such as Lactococcus lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus, to provide phage resistance. Escherichia coli can be used to produce endonucleases.

Abstract: DNA encoding phage resistance protein which aborts infection by the phage, designated as AbiE. The DNA which is contained in a Lactococcus lactis deposited as NRRL-B-21443 and described in SEQ ID NO:1, is incorporated into a bacterium to encode the AbiE and provide phage resistance. Lactococcus and other bacteria encoding the AbiE are useful in industrial fermentations wherein phage are a problem.

Abstract: An isolated DNA of a Lactococcus lactis showing a SEQ ID NO: 1 encoding a restriction and twp modification enzymes (R/M SEQ ID NO: 2, 3 and 4). The isolated DNA is used to transform sensitive dairy cultures, such as Lactococcus lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus, to provide phage resistance. Escherichia coli can be used to produce endonucleases.

Abstract: DNA encoding phage resistance protein which aborts infection by the phage, designated as AbiE. The DNA which is contained in a Lactococcus lactis deposited as NRRL-B-21443 and described in SEQ ID NO: 1, is incorporated into a bacterium to encode the AbiE and provide phage resistance. Lactococcus and other bacteria encoding the AbiE are useful in industrial fermentations wherein phage are a problem.

Abstract: A process of identifying and disrupting bacterial DNA sequences that contribute to the evolution of new lytic bacteriophages is described. Vectors and recombinant bacteria for use in producing fermentative starter cultures and culture resistant to the appearance of new phages, and methods of producing such vectors and recombinant bacteria, are described.

Abstract: A process of identifying and disrupting bacterial DNA sequences that contribute to the evolution of new lytic bacteriophages is described. Vectors and recombinant bacteria for use in producing fermentative starter cultures and culture media resistant to the appearance of new phages, and methods of producing such vectors and recombinant bacteria, are described.